scholarly journals Irrigation Management in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1504
Author(s):  
Koffi Djaman ◽  
Suat Irmak ◽  
Komlan Koudahe ◽  
Samuel Allen
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Response To Water ◽  
The Impact

Limited water resources coupled with the increase of the human population calls for more efficient use of water in irrigated agriculture. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most widely grown crops worldwide and is very sensitive to water stress due to its shallow rooting system. With the dilemma of potato sensitivity to drought and limited available water resources restricting crop production, researchers and crop growers have been investigating different approaches for optimizing potato yield and improving crop water use efficiency under different irrigation methods. While potato response to water is affected by other management practices such as fertilizer management, the present review is focused on the potato response to water under different environments and different irrigation methods and the impact on potato quality and potato diseases. Variable results obtained from research studies indicate the non-transferability of the results from one location to another as potato cultivars are not the same and potato breeders are still making effort to develop new high-yielding varieties to increase crop production and or develop new varieties for a specific trait to satisfy consumers exigence. This review is a valuable source of information for potato growers and scientists as it is not only focused on the impact of irrigation regimes on potato yield and water productivity as most reviews on water management, but it also presents the impact of irrigation regime on diseases in potatoes, tuber specific gravity, metabolite content of the tubers and the quality of the processed potato products.

scholarly journals Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Changes the Impact of Potato Virus Y on Growth and Stress Tolerance of Solanum tuberosum L. in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edyta Deja-Sikora ◽  
Anita Kowalczyk ◽  
Alina Trejgell ◽  
Adriana Szmidt-Jaworska ◽  
Christel Baum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
The Impact

Balancing crop yield and water productivity tradeoffs in herbaceous and woody crops

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elías Fereres ◽  
Francisco Orgaz ◽  
Victoria Gonzalez-Dugo ◽  
Luca Testi ◽  
Francisco J. Villalobos
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Evaporative Demand ◽  
Woody Crops ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Herbaceous Crops ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
Response To Water

The links between water and crop yield are well known. In agricultural systems, maximum yield and maximum water productivity (WP; yield divided by water use) are not always compatible goals. In water-limited situations, optimal solutions must be reached by finding a compromise between the levels of crop production and WP. The tradeoffs between production and WP are reviewed here and the dominant effects of the environment on WP are examined. Genetic improvement for WP generally has yield tradeoffs, whereas management measures devised to improve WP also enhance yield. It is shown that partial closure of the stomata in response to environmental stimuli has a variable impact on canopy transpiration, depending on the degree of coupling between the canopy and the atmosphere. In contrast to the behaviour of the major herbaceous crops, WP increases in some woody crops in response to water stress, suggesting that biomass and transpiration are not linearly related, and that deficit irrigation should be successful in these species. Avoiding high evaporative demand periods (e.g. through tolerance to low temperatures) is an important option that aims to increase production and WP. A case study is presented for improving sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) yield and WP in temperate environments.

scholarly journals Cereal Production Trends under Climate Change: Impacts and Adaptation Strategies in Southern Africa

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luxon Nhamo ◽  
Greenwell Mathcaya ◽  
Tafadzwanashe Mabhaudhi ◽  
Sibusiso Nhlengethwa ◽  
Charles Nhemachena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
International Aid ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Cereal Production ◽  
The Impact

The increasing frequency and intensity of droughts and floods, coupled with increasing temperatures and declining rainfall totals, are exacerbating existing vulnerabilities in southern Africa. Agriculture is the most affected sector as 95% of cultivated area is rainfed. This review addressed trends in moisture stress and the impacts on crop production, highlighting adaptation possible strategies to ensure food security in southern Africa. Notable changes in rainfall patterns and deficiencies in soil moisture are estimated and discussed, as well as the impact of rainfall variability on crop production and proposed adaptation strategies in agriculture. Climate moisture index (CMI) was used to assess aridity levels. Southern Africa is described as a climate hotspot due to increasing aridity, low adaptive capacity, underdevelopment and marginalisation. Although crop yields have been increasing due to increases in irrigated area and use of improved seed varieties, they have not been able to meet the food requirements of a growing population, compromising regional food security targets. Most countries in the region depend on international aid to supplement yield deficits. The recurrence of droughts caused by the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) continue devastating the region, affecting livelihoods, economies and the environment. An example is the 2015/16 ENSO drought that caused the region to call for international aid to feed about 40 million people. In spite of the water scarcity challenges, cereal production continues to increase steadily due to increased investment in irrigated agriculture and improved crop varieties. Given the current and future vulnerability of the agriculture sector in southern Africa, proactive adaptation interventions are important to help farming communities develop resilient systems to adapt to the changes and variability in climate and other stressors.

Impact of changing cropping pattern on the regional agricultural water productivity

2014 ◽  
Vol 153 (5) ◽  
pp. 767-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. SUN ◽  
P. T. WU ◽  
Y. B. WANG ◽  
X. N. ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Cash Crops ◽  
The Impact

SUMMARYWater scarcity is a major constraint of agricultural production in arid and semi-arid areas. In the face of future water scarcity, one possible way the agricultural sector could be adapted is to change cropping patterns and make adjustments for available water resources for irrigation. The present paper analyses the temporal evolution of cropping pattern from 1960 to 2008 in the Hetao Irrigation District (HID), China. The impact of changing cropping patterns on regional agricultural water productivity is evaluated from the water footprint (WF) perspective. Results show that the area under cash crops (e.g. sunflower and melon) has risen phenomenally over the study period because of increased economic returns pursued by farmers. Most of these cash crops have a smaller WF (high water productivity) than grain crops in HID. With the increase of area sown to cash crops, water productivity in HID increased substantially. Changing the cropping pattern has significant effects on regional crop water productivity: in this way, HID has increased the total crop production without increasing significantly the regional water consumption. The results of this case study indicate that regional agricultural water can be used effectively by properly planning crop areas and patterns under irrigation water limitations. However, there is a need to foster a cropping pattern that is multifunctional and sustainable, which can guarantee food security, enhance natural resource use and provide stable and high returns to farmers.

scholarly journals La Investigación en el cultivo de papa en la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia

Respuestas ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Lizeth Johana Sierra-Ariza ◽  
Katherin Dayana Suarez-Roberto ◽  
Jorge Enrique Villamil-Carvajal ◽  
Álvaro Enrique Alvarado-Gaona
Keyword(s):  
Plant Physiology ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Academic Program ◽  
Andean Potato ◽  
Potato Growth

ResumenAntecedentes: La papa (Solanum tuberosum L. grupo Andigena y Phureja) es un tubérculo de vital importancia en Colombia y en especial en el departamento de Boyacá. En la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC) se cuenta con más de mil trabajos de grado, realizados en los 55 años de trayectoria del programa académico de Ingeniería Agronómica, entre los cuales 130 corresponden a investigaciones relacionadas con este cultivo. Objetivo: se recopiló información de dichos trabajos de grado desarrollados en este período y se analizaron 5 áreas de investigación: entomología, nutrición, fisiología vegetal, fitopatología y economía, en 3 lapsos de tiempo de 10 años cada uno y un último de 12 años. Resultados: En entomología se adelantaron 42 trabajos de grado (32,3%), siendo los de gusano blanco (Premnotrypes vorax Hustache) los más representativos. En el área de nutrición con 35 trabajos de grado (26,9%), se resaltaron los temas sobre correctivos de acidez y nutrición con elementos mayores N-P-K, haciendo énfasis en la evaluación del uso del fósforo. En fisiología vegetal se documentaron 20 trabajos de grado (15,4%), dentro de los cuales, se destacaron los temas sobre estadios fenológicos, crecimiento y desarrollo del cultivo de papa. En economía con 18 trabajos de grado (13,8%), fue más importante la evaluación económica y respuesta agronómica en fertilización, y finalmente en fitopatología con 15 trabajos de grado (11,5%), el tizón tardío (Phytophthora infestans) correspondió al patógeno más estudiado. Conclusión: Esta revisión brinda información a estudiantes, profesionales e instituciones involucradas con el sector papero colombiano y departamental, para la orientación y enfoque de futuros trabajos de investigación.Palabras clave: economía, entomología, nutrición, fisiología vegetal, fitopatología.AbstractBackground: Potato (Solanum tuberosum L. Andigena y Phureja groups) is a very important tuber in Colombia, mainly in the Boyacá department. At the Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC) students had developed over one thousand thesis, along 55 years of the agronomic engineer academic program, 130 of those related with potato crop. Objective: Information provided by those thesis during that period was taken together, and five research lines were analyzed: entomology, fertilization, plant physiology, phytopathology and economy in three timeframes of ten years and a last one of twelve years. Results: In the entomology area 42 studies were performed (32.3%), being Andean potato weevil (Premnotrypes vorax Hustache) the most representative. In the nutrition area with 35 studies (26.9%), the topics on soil acidity management were highlighted and plant nutrition with N-P-K elements, emphasizing in phosphorous use. In plant physiology 20 studies (15.4%) were documented, among which, phenology and potato growth and development were the most relevant. In the economic area with 18 studies (13.8%), the most important topic was economic evaluation and agronomic response to fertilization; and finally, in phytopathology with 15 studies (11.5%), late blight (Phytophthora infestans) was the most studied pathogen. Conclusion: This review brings information to students, professionals and institutions involved in potato crop production in Colombia and Boyacá, giving guidelines and focus for future potato research.Key words: economy, entomology, nutrition, plant physiology, phytopathology.Resumo Antecedentes: A batata (Grupo Solanum tuberosum L. Andigena e Phureja) é um tubérculo de vital importância na Colômbia e especialmente no departamento de Boyacá. Na Universidade de Pedagogia e Universidade Tecnológica da Colômbia (UPTC) existem mais de mil estudos de graduação, realizados nos 55 anos do programa acadêmico de Engenharia Agrícola, dentre os quais 130 correspondem a pesquisas relacionadas a esta safra. Objetivo: compilamos informações sobre esses estudos de pós-graduação desenvolvidos neste período e analisamos 5 áreas de pesquisa: entomologia, nutrição, fisiologia vegetal, fitopatologia e economia, em 3 períodos de 10 anos cada e nos últimos 12 anos. Resultados: na entomologia, 42 estudos de graduação (32,3%) foram avançados, com o verme branco (Premnotrypes vorax Hustache) sendo o mais representativo. Na área de nutrição com empregos de 35 graus (26,9%), foram enfatizados os sujeitos sobre a acidez e corretivos nutricionais com elementos N-P-K mais altos, com ênfase na avaliação do uso de fósforo. Vinte estudos de pós-graduação (15,4%) foram documentados em fisiologia vegetal, com ênfase em estádios fenológicos, crescimento e desenvolvimento de cultivo de batata. 18 postos de trabalho no grau da economia (13,8%), avaliação económica e resposta à fertilização Agronômico era mais importante, e, finalmente, em Fitopatologia 15 obras de graduação (11,5%), requeima (Phytophthora infestans) correspondeu para o patógeno mais estudado. Conclusão: esta revisão fornece informações aos alunos, profissionais e instituições envolvidas com o setor de papelaria colombiano e departamental, para orientar e focar futuros trabalhos de pesquisa.Palavras-chave: economia, entomologia, nutrição, fisiologia vegetal, fitopatologia.

scholarly journals Monitoring of a Calcium Biofortification Workflow for Tubers of Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Picasso Using Smart Farming Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Ana Rita F. Coelho ◽  
Inês Carmo Luís ◽  
Ana Coelho Marques ◽  
Cláudia Campos Pessoa ◽  
Diana Daccak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Test System ◽  
Experimental Production ◽  
Large Crop ◽  
The Impact

Due to the rapid growth of the population worldwide and the need to provide food safety in large crop productions, UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) are being used in agriculture to provide valuable data for decision making. Accordingly, through precision agriculture, efficient management of resources, using data obtained by the technologies, is possible. Through remote sensed data collected in a crop region, it is possible to create NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) maps, which are a powerful tool to detect stresses, namely, in plants. Accordingly, using smart farm technology, this study aimed to assess the impact of Ca biofortification on leaves of Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Picasso. As such, using an experimental production field of potato tubers (GPS coordinates: 39°16′38,816′′ N; 9°15′9128′′ W) as a test system, plants were submitted to a Ca biofortification workflow through foliar spraying with CaCl2 or, alternatively, chelated calcium (Ca-EDTA) at concentrations of 12 and 24 kg·ha−1. A lower average NDVI in Ca-EDTA 12 kg·ha−1 treatment after the fourth foliar application was found, which, through the application of the CieLab scale, correlated with lower L (darker color) and hue parameters, regarding control plants. Additionally, a higher Ca content was quantified in the leaves. The obtained data are discussed, and it is concluded that Ca-EDTA 12 kg·ha−1 triggers lower vigor in Picasso potatoes leaves.

scholarly journals Response of drip irrigated Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) in different irrigation levels and frequencies at field level

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Arti Kumari ◽  
Neelam Patel ◽  
A. K. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Irrigation Levels

Geometric increase in population coupled with rapid urbanization, industrialization and agricultural development are causing increased pressure on global water resources. Agriculture is the largest consumer of fresh water resources, thus the scope of enhancing water productivity in agriculture is taken to be the priority area of research. The right amount and frequency of irrigation is essential for optimum use of limited water resources for crop production as well as management. A field experiment with split plot design was carried out during November to February 2015-16 at PFDC (Precision Farming Development Centre), Water Technology Centre, IARI, New Delhi to study the effect of different irrigation levels and frequencies on Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) under drip irrigation. The experiment included three levels of irrigation frequencies: N1 (once every day), N2 (once every 2 days) and N3 (once every 3 days) with different irrigation levels of 100, 80 and 60 % of crop evapotranspiration (ETc). Results revealed that drip irrigation frequency significantly (p<0.05) affected the broccoli yield. The maximum yield (24.46±0.18 t/ha) was obtained with 80% of ETc with once in 2 days irrigation followed by 100% of ETc with once in 2 days. Lowest yield (16.53±0.1 t/ha) was obtained at 60% of ETc at once in 3 days irrigation. Overall, it was observed that irrigation on 80% of ETc with once in two days is an appropriate cycle for optimum yield of broccoli.

scholarly journals Adapatation of Sowing Date for Improving Sorghum Yield in Rainfed Areas in Sudan Using AQUACROP Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abd Almahamoud Alshikh ◽  
Hassn Ibrahim M. ◽  
Salah Abdel Rahman Salih ◽  
Ali Hussien Kadhim ◽  
Khalid Abd Almageed M.
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
World Population ◽  
Aquacrop Model ◽  
Rain Fall

Due to the rapid growth in world population, the pressure on water resources to feed the growing population is increasing. The Nile water share of Sudan is almost exploited; and agricultural production by rained water is threatened by the pressure of climate change. It is inevitable that the production per unit water consumed, the water productivity, must be increased to meet this challenge. This research therefore focuses on the benchmarking of physical water productivity in rain fed areas and gaining a better understanding of the temporal and spatial variations and the scope for possible improvement. A review of the available records and sources that provide measurements of crop-water productivity was consulted to assess plausible ranges of water productivity levels for rain fed Sorghum crop and to provide a first explanation for the differences that are found using AQUACROP model. As such this study may be considered as crucial step was to establish a water productivity database for the rain fed sorghum crop in the country. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) which is the most important cereal crop in Sudan has been constrained by the detrimental effect of drought which has often caused food shortages. Almost 90% of the total sorghum cropped area is rain-fed, and 60% of that is in drought prone soil conditions. Spatial information on water use, crop production and water productivity will play a vital role for water managers to assess where scarce water resources are wasted and where in a given region the water productivity can be improved. Hence, a methodology has been developed in this study to quantify spatial variation of crop yield, evapotranspiration and water productivity using the AQUACROP model in five stations. The AQUACROP model is used to investigate optimum sowing date that result in maximization of grain yield.Benchmarking of rain fed Sorghum actual and potential grain efficiency in different agro-climate zones was made for the year 1979 to 2013. AQUACROP model was applied at five locations (Gedaref, Damazin, Dalang, El Fashir, and El Obyied) each representing an agro-climate zone. Causes of poor yield performance were investigated and consequently measures needed to improve performance were identified. The study indicates that increase in sorghum yields under historical climate conditions in the different studied stations is possible when early sowing is used and initial rain showers are utilized, yield decrease by 43% when sowing date is delayed from July 15 (the recommended date) to August 1. Stations with high rain fall (Damazin, Gadaref and Dalang) show little variations in inter-annual yields but with a tendency towards high yields, 3536, 3741, 3737 kg/fed for the above stations respectively compared to 2266 and 1086 kg/fed for El Obyied and El Fashir respectively at 15 June. The obtained WUE is lower in the driest regions (El Fashir, and El Obyied) and higher for those of high rain fall. To aid decision makers and crop growers in rain fed areas a set of recommendations for policy making and for future research were identified.

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