The correlation between fetal frontal lobe development parameters and gestational week: A preliminary study

AbstractObjectiveTo establish a reference range of developmental parameters related to the frontal lobe of normal fetuses in different gestational weeks, which can provide a basis for the evaluation of normal development of the frontal lobe and the diagnosis of suspected fetal microcephaly.MethodsA prospective cross-sectional study was performed on 751 normal fetuses between 21 and 36 weeks, and the anterior-posterior diameter and transverse diameter of the frontal lobe were measured in transcerebellar plane. Linear regression analysis was performed by grouping different gestational weeks.ResultsFetal anterior-posterior diameter and transverse diameter of the frontal lobe were positively correlated with gestational week with correlation coefficients 0.871 and 0.971 respectively. There was a linear relationship between gestational weeks and frontal lobe parameters, and the equations were simplified to obtain the simple correlation formula: fetal frontal lobe anterior-posterior diameter(mm)=14.5+0.7×(gestational week-21), frontal lobe transverse diameter (mm)=41+2.5×(gestational week-21).ConclusionThe reference ranges of the frontal lobe anterior-posterior diameter and the frontal lobe transverse diameter of normal fetuses between 21 to 36 weeks in transcerebellar plane were established, which can provide valuable information for the evaluation of normal development of the frontal lobe and the diagnosis of suspicious fetal microcephaly.What’s already known about this topic?We currently lack a golden standard to diagnosis microcephaly and fetal frontal lobe dysplasia is a clue for prenatal diagnosis of microcephaly.What does this study add?This study presents a novel evaluation of the fetal frontal lobe to better assess brain development in the transcerebellar plane.The fetal frontal lobe developmental diameters will be useful to aid diagnosis of suspicious microcephaly and other cortical developmental disorders.

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The patellofemoral morphology and the normal predicted value of tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove distance in the Chinese population

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12891-021-04454-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zhe Li ◽

Guanzhi Liu ◽

Run Tian ◽

Ning Kong ◽

Yue Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Individual Differences ◽

Chinese Population ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Tibial Tuberosity ◽

Trochlear Groove ◽

Lasso Regression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Anterior Posterior

Abstract Background Our objective was to obtain normal patellofemoral measurements to analyse sex and individual differences. In addition, the absolute values and indices of tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distances are still controversial in clinical application. A better method to enable precise prediction is still needed. Methods Seventy-eight knees of 78 participants without knee pathologies were included in this cross-sectional study. A CT scan was conducted for all participants and three-dimensional knee models were constructed using Mimics and SolidWorks software. We measured and analysed 19 parameters including the TT-TG distance and dimensions and shapes of the patella, femur, tibia, and trochlea. LASSO regression was used to predict the normal TT-TG distances. Results The dimensional parameters, TT-TG distance, and femoral aspect ratio of the men were significantly larger than those of women (all p values < 0.05). However, after controlling for the bias from age, height, and weight, there were no significant differences in TT-TG distances and anterior-posterior dimensions between the sexes (all p values > 0.05). The Pearson correlation coefficients between the anterior femoral offset and other indexes were consistently below 0.3, indicating no relationship or a weak relationship. Similar results were observed for the sulcus angle and the Wiberg index. Using LASSO regression, we obtained four parameters to predict the TT-TG distance (R2 = 0.5612, p < 0.01) to achieve the optimal accuracy and convenience. Conclusions Normative data of patellofemoral morphology were provided for the Chinese population. The anterior-posterior dimensions of the women were thicker than those of men for the same medial-lateral dimensions. More attention should be paid to not only sex differences but also individual differences, especially the anterior condyle and trochlea. In addition, this study provided a new method to predict TT-TG distances accurately.

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Analysis of Corneal Spherical Aberrations in Chinese Bilateral Ectopia Lentis Patients

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2021.736686 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Jiahui Chen ◽

Yating Tang ◽

Qinghe Jing ◽

Yi Lu ◽

Yongxiang Jiang

Keyword(s):

Spherical Aberration ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Individual Measurement ◽

Ectopia Lentis ◽

Corneal Asphericity ◽

Optical Zone ◽

Anterior Posterior

Purpose: To analyze the anterior, posterior, and total corneal spherical aberrations (ASA, PSA, and TSA) in patients with Chinese bilateral ectopia lentis (EL).Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate corneal spherical aberration (CSA) using a Pentacam system at the 6-mm optical zone. Axial length, keratometry, astigmatism, and corneal asphericity were also determined.Results: This study included 247 patients (420 eyes) with a mean age of 18.1 years. The values of ASA, PSA, and TSA were 0.136 ± 0.100 μm, −0.118 ± 0.030 μm, and 0.095 ± 0.095 μm, respectively. In the EL patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS), ASA and TSA were significantly lower than in the non-MFS patients (0.126 ± 0.094 μm vs. 0.155 ± 0.107 μm, P = 0.004 for ASA; 0.085 ± 0.091 μm vs. 0.114 ± 0.099 μm, P = 0.003 for TSA), whereas PSA was not significantly different (P = 0.061). The values of ASA and TSA were significantly higher in the patients with EL aged ≥ 40 years old than in younger patients, whereas ASA and PSA were lower in patients aged <10 years old than in older patients (all P < 0.05). In the multiple linear regression analysis, age, keratometry, astigmatism, anterior asphericity, higher-order aberration (HOA), and lower-order aberration (LOA) were positively or negatively correlated with TSA in the patients with EL (r = 0.681, P < 0.001).Conclusions: Corneal spherical aberration was low in the patients with EL especially for MFS and tended to increase with aging. Preoperatively, individual measurement of CSA was necessary for bilateral EL patients with MFS.

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The influence of craniofacial morphology on the upper airway dimensions

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/061014-418.1 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 85 (5) ◽

pp. 874-880 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Iveta Indriksone ◽

Gundega Jakobsone

Keyword(s):

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Craniofacial Morphology ◽

Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Old Patients ◽

Oropharyngeal Airway ◽

Semiautomatic Segmentation ◽

Airway Dimensions

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the influence of craniofacial morphology on the upper airway dimensions in healthy adult subjects. Materials and Methods: The records of 276 healthy 17- to 27-year-old patients were extracted from the cone-beam computed tomography image database of the Institute of Stomatology, Riga Stradins University. Dolphin 11.7 software was used to evaluate craniofacial anatomy and semiautomatic segmentation of the upper airway. Measurements of oropharyngeal airway volume (OPV), minimal cross-sectional area (CSAmin), and nasopharyngeal airway volume (NPV) were obtained. The presence of adenoid tissues was recorded. Associations between variables were analyzed by Spearman's correlation coefficients, and multivariate linear regression analysis was used to identify factors that had a possible influence on upper airway dimensions. Results: The following factors were identified as influencing the variability of NPV (23%): SNA angle, gender, and presence of adenoids. Statistically significant, although weak, correlations were found between SNB angle and OPV (r = 0.144, P < .05) and CSAmin (r = 0.182, P < .01). Conclusion: The results suggest that craniofacial morphology alone does not have a significant influence on upper airway dimensions.

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The correlation between health status and quality of life in southern Brazil

Sao Paulo Medical Journal ◽

10.1590/s1516-31802008000500003 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 126 (5) ◽

pp. 257-261 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Carlos Zubaran ◽

Karina Persch ◽

Desire Tarso ◽

Ana Ioppi ◽

Juan Mezzich

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Health Status ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Healthcare Services ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Related

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The interconnections between quality of life and health status as assessed via questionnaires have not been thoroughly investigated. The objective of this study was to investigate a possible correlation between the constructs of general health status and quality of life as assessed by the Portuguese versions of two questionnaires recently adapted and tested in Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a cross-sectional study in which two self-administered questionnaires were used. This investigation was conducted at healthcare services associated with the Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Brazil. METHODS: This study presents data from a sample of 120 volunteers who completed the Portuguese versions of the Personal Health Scale and the Multicultural Quality of Life Index questionnaires. Bivariate linear regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficients were generated from the scores of the two questionnaires. RESULTS: A significant correlation between the concepts of quality of life and health status as evaluated by the Portuguese versions of both questionnaires was observed. Almost all of the health-related questions displayed strong correlations with the overall concept of quality of life. The magnitude of this correlation accounted for almost half of the observed variance. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that, within this sample, health-related issues were key factors for the overall experience of wellbeing and quality of life. The similarities observed across the different groups indicate that the interrelation between health status and quality of life was homogenous, regardless of presence and/or type of ailments.

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Body height and its estimation utilizing arm span measurements in population of Birgunj Area of Nepal: An Anthropometric study

Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal ◽

10.3126/jcmsn.v9i4.10231 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 9-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

RP Sah ◽

A Kumar ◽

RK Bhaskar

Keyword(s):

Adult Population ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Body Height ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

The Body ◽

Anthropometric Measurement ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Arm Span ◽

Age Related ◽

Measuring Tape

Background Arm span is the most reliable anthropometric measurement to predict the stature of an individual. Age and sex have to be taken into account to the best to predict height from arm span. It is useful in predicting age related loss in stature and in identifying individuals with disproportionate growth abnormalities and skeletal dysplasia. Objective The present study was under taken to measure the stature as well as arm span and to determine whether there is any correlation between the stature and the arm span Method This cross sectional type of descriptive study was carried out with a total number of 400 Nepalese adult population consisting of 225 Nepalese male adults and 175 female adults aged between 25 to 45 years. Stature and arm span were measured directly from the subjects by using anthropometric technique by a measuring tape. The data taken were statistically analyzed by computation to find out its normative value. The relationship between body height and arm span were determined using simple correlation coefficients. Then a linear regression analysis was performed to examine the extent to which arm span can readily predict body height Results The results have shown male of Birgunj are 167.39± 6.170 cm tall and have arm span of 168.01±7.659 cm, while female of Birgunj are 155.61±6.894 cm and have arm span of 159.25±6..362cm. The results obtained are substantially alike in other populations, since arm span was too close to body heights in male and greater in female. Conclusion The body height and arm span correlates well in males but not in females. This confirms the necessity for developing separate height models for each population and different sex. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2013, Vol-9, No-4, 9-13 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v9i4.10231

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The Relationship between Resilience and Academic Burnout among Nursing and Midwifery Students in Kermanshah, Iran

Education Research International ◽

10.1155/2021/6647012 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Maryam Janatolmakan ◽

Yousef Torabi ◽

Shahab Rezaeian ◽

Bahare Andayeshgar ◽

Amirabbas Dabiry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Student Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Academic Burnout ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference

Background. Nursing and midwifery students have relatively high levels of academic burnout. One of the mechanisms to combat this issue is resilience. The results related to the association between academic burnout and resilience indicate a negative association, but various studies have reported different correlation coefficients. Therefore, the current study was aimed to investigate the association between resilience and academic burnout among nursing and midwifery students. Methods. A total of 240 nursing and midwifery students were recruited in this cross-sectional study using stratified random sampling. Data were collected by a demographic information questionnaire, the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS). Data were analyzed by SPSS-16 using t-test, ANOVA, Spearman’s correlation coefficient, and linear regression analysis. Results. The mean scores of academic burnout for nursing and midwifery students were 41.4 ± 14.8 and 41.2 ± 12.3, respectively, but the difference was not statistically significant ( p = 0.368). The mean scores of resilience for nursing and midwifery students were 58.1 ± 13.3 and 52.9 ± 13.9, respectively, which showed a statistically significant difference ( p = 0.004). Resilience was significantly inversely correlated with academic burnout in nursing and midwifery students (r = −0.04, p < 0.001; r = −0.39, p < 0.001). Increased resilience in students decreased academic burnout ( p < 0.001). Conclusion. Academic burnout was moderate in nursing and midwifery students, but resilience was relatively high. Given the negative correlation between resilience and academic burnout, it is necessary to strengthen resilience skills and reduce factors that cause academic burnout.

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Predictive equation for basal metabolic rate of young Indian soldiers

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v7i6.14739 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 26-31

Author(s):

L Robert Varte ◽

Madhusudan Pal

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Armed Forces ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Gas Analysis ◽

Predictive Equation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

System Data ◽

Similar Body

Background: Currently, no specific predictive equation for BMR has been developed for the Indian armed forces whose BMR is expected to be higher compared to that of the general population because a greater proportion of their body weight is typically made up of muscle mass and bones.Aims and Objective: The present study aimed to identify a best suitable BMR predictive equation specifically for the young Indian soldiers and to compare the measured BMR values with those estimated using other equations.Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study on healthy individuals using random sampling. Anthropometric and body composition measurements, oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbondioxide production (VCO2) during experiment were determined by the process of breath-by-breath gas analysis using K4b2 system. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 12.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA). The relationship between the measured BMR and the recorded variables were evaluated using Pearson’s correlation coefficients and linear regression analysis. The results were considered significant at 5% level.Result: Mean measured BMR was significantly lower by 1.41%, 20.11%, , 14.71%, , 19.21%, and 21.8% (p <0.001) compared to the mean BMR predicted using the Weir, FAO/WHO/UNU, Harris and Benedict, ICMR and Miffin equations respectively.Conclusion: BMR in Indian is lower than predicted by the FAO/WHO/UNU 1985 equations by an average of 20.1% suggesting that lower energy needs of present study with similar body weight may put them at greater risk for developing obesity, especially in overweight people.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(6) 2016 26-31

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A Multicenter Study of the Correlations of Anterior and Posterior Corneal Parameters in Chinese Myopic Patients

10.21203/rs.3.rs-109431/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yijun Hu ◽

Yanfang Wang ◽

Shanqing Zhu ◽

Lu Xiong ◽

Xuejun Fang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Corneal Astigmatism ◽

Corneal Curvature ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Similar Correlation ◽

Corneal Volume ◽

The Mean ◽

Anterior Posterior

Abstract In this observational cross-sectional study consisting of 8365 Chinese myopic patients from five different ophthalmic centers, we investigated the correlations between anterior and posterior corneal parameters. Strongly negative anterior-posterior correlations of the mean corneal curvature were observed, with similar correlation coefficients in all myopic groups (R: -0.85 to -0.88). The anterior-posterior correlations of corneal astigmatism (R: 0.65 to 0.75), eccentricity (R: 0.27 to 0.38) and asphericity (R: 0.29 to 0.41) were all positive, with slightly different correlation coefficients between the myopic groups. The anterior-posterior correlations of mean corneal curvature were strongly negative with similar correlation coefficients in all quantile groups of six corneal and anterior chamber parameters (R: -0.84 to -0.91), except Sim Km (R: -0.36 to -0.64). The anterior-posterior correlations of corneal astigmatism were all positive with slightly different correlation coefficients between the quantile groups of SimKm (R: 0.66 to 0.74). The anterior-posterior correlations of corneal eccentricity (R: 0.30 to 0.44) and asphericity (R: 0.33 to 0.45) were positive and slightly different between the quantile groups of SimKm, pachy apex and corneal volume. In conclusion, anterior-posterior correlations of corneal curvature, astigmatism, eccentricity and asphericity can be affected by the severity of myopia and some other corneal parameters.

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The Value of Foramen Magnum Diameters for Gender Identification Among Iranian Population

International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine ◽

10.32598/ijmtfm.v9i4.25367 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 205-212

Author(s):

Siamak Soltani ◽

Kamran Aghakhani ◽

Hanieh Saboori-Shekofte ◽

Sahar Rismantab-Sani ◽

Forouzan Faress ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Foramen Magnum ◽

Transverse Diameter ◽

Gender Identification ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Men And Women ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Males And Females ◽

The Mean ◽

Anterior Posterior

Background: By assessing the size of the foramen magnum, it is possible to distinguish two genders, as well as the intergenerational interdependence of the affected individuals. The present study aimed at assessing the value of diameters of foramen magnum for gender identification among the Iranian population.Methods: This analytical comparative cross-sectional study was performed on 200 Iranian cadavers (100 men and 100 women) referred to Kahrizak Autopsy Hall in Tehran between 2017 and 2018. In each case, the foramen magnum was measured by observation and its parameters were measured in a longitudinal anteroposterior and transverse diameter, using a calibrated caliper.Results: The Mean±SD anterior-posterior diameter of the foramen magnum in men and women were 35.59±0.49 mm and 33.90±1.07 mm, respectively, which was significantly higher in men (P<0.001). Similarly, the Mean±SD transverse diameter of the foramen magnum in males and females was 29.49±0.56 mm and 28.5±0.50 mm, respectively, which was significantly higher in men (P<0.001). Based on the area analysis under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, the anterior-posterior and transverse diameters of the foramen magnum had a high value in the differentiation of the male and female genders (AUC=0.953 and 0.896, respectively, P<0.001). The Mean±SD foramen magnum index in men and women was 84.15±3.02 and 82.87±1.95, respectively, which had a significant difference between the two genders.Conclusion: Given that the anterior-posterior and transverse diameters of the foramen magnum in Iranian men are far more than Iranian women, these diameters can be used to distinguish between the two genders in the precise legal field.

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Anxious temperament and cyberchondria as mediated by fear of COVID-19 infection: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0255750 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. e0255750

Author(s):

Włodzimierz Oniszczenko

Keyword(s):

Rating Scale ◽

Numerical Rating Scale ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Severity Scale ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Numerical Rating ◽

Positive Correlations

This study’s main goal was to evaluate the association between anxious temperament and the fear of COVID-19-related self-infection and infection in loved ones (family members, friends, relatives) and cyberchondria. The sample consisted of 499 men and women aged between 18 and 72 who were gathered from the general population via an online recruitment platform. A numerical rating scale comprising 11 degrees of fear was used to assess participants’ COVID-19-related fear, and affective temperaments were evaluated using Akiskal’s Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A) scales. Cyberchondria was assessed using McElroy and Shevlin’s Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSS). Small to medium positive correlations were found between depressive, cyclothymic, irritable and anxious temperaments and cyberchondria and between depressive and anxious temperaments and COVID-19 fears. However, no correlation was observed between the hyperthymic temperament and cyberchondria. Cyberchondria positively correlated with both COVID-19 fears scales, though the correlation coefficients were medium. Based on the results of linear regression analysis, only anxious temperament and COVID-19 fear of self-infection were significant predictors of cyberchondria. The analysis also revealed a significant indirect effect of anxious temperament on cyberchondria through fear of COVID-19 self-infection as a mediator between anxious temperament and cyberchondria.

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