scholarly journals The impact of legislation on Covid-19 mortality in a Brazilian federative unit was mediated by social isolation.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredi A Diaz-Quijano ◽  
Tatiane Bomfim Ribeiro ◽  
Alexia Viana da Rosa ◽  
Rossana Reis ◽  
Fernando Aith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
Mobile Data ◽  
The Social ◽  
Isolation Index ◽  
Delayed Mortality ◽  
The Impact

This study aimed to estimate the effect of restrictive laws on actual social isolation and COVID-19 mortality. Moreover, we evaluated how community adherence, measured with an index of social isolation, would mediate the lockdown effect on COVID-19 mortality. Methods: This ecological study assessed the legislations published until June 30, 2020, in the Brazilian state of Ceara. We performed a systematic review and classification of restrictive norms and estimated their immediate effect on social isolation, measured by an index based on mobile data, and the subsequent impact on COVID-19 mortality (three weeks later). A mediation analysis was performed to estimate the effect of rigid lockdown on mortality that was explained for effective social isolation. Results: The social isolation index showed an increase of 11.9% (95% CI: 2.9% - 21%) during the days in which a rigid isolation norm (lockdown) was implemented. Moreover, this rigid lockdown was associated with a reduction of 26% (95% CI: 21% - 31%) in the three-week-delayed mortality. We also calculated that the rigid lockdown had the indirect effect, i.e., mediated by adherence to social isolation, of reducing COVID-19 mortality by 38.24% (95% CI: 21.64% to 56.07%). Therefore, the preventive effect of this norm was fully explained by the actual population adherence, reflected in the social isolation index. On the other hand, mandatory mask use was associated with 11% reduction in COVID-19 mortality (95% CI: 8% - 13%). Conclusions: We estimated the effect of quarantine regulations on social isolation and evidenced that a rigid lockdown law led to a reduction of COVID-19 mortality in one state of Brazil. In addition, the mandatory masks norm was an additional determinant of the reduction of this outcome.

scholarly journals The impact of social distancing on COVID-19 infections and deaths

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
André de Souza Melo ◽  
Ana Iza Gomes da Penha Sobral ◽  
Marcelo Luiz Monteiro Marinho ◽  
Gisleia Benini Duarte ◽  
Amanda Aires Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Impulse Response Function ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Var Model ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
The Social ◽  
Isolation Index ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background To assess the impact of the social isolation index on the number of infections and deaths by COVID-19 in the state of São Paulo (Brazil). Methods Daily isolation data, obtained through geolocation information by mobile phone, were evaluated together with the number of daily infections and deaths by COVID-19 in the state of São Paulo. The study was conducted from February 26 to May 19, 2020. The data were modeled through the vector autoregression (VAR) model. Results The isolation index has an effect of approximately 5% in variation in the number of infections, and 7% in the number of deaths. The impulse response function (IRF) caused a drop of 0.15% in the number of new cases/day, and 0.17% in the number of deaths/day following a shock in the isolation index. For both cases, this effect occurred 1 day after the shock and stabilized after 10 periods. An increase of 1% in the isolation index led to a reduction of 6.91% in new cases and 6.90% in the number of deaths. The 30 cumulative day reduction reached 22.72% in terms of transmission and 35.39% for deaths. Conclusions The social isolation index is related to deaths and infections from SARS-CoV-2. Although distancing measures are accompanied with impacts on the economy and the emergence of other morbidities, the benefits caused by the reduction in the speed of contagion are significant. The adoption of distancing measures has a substantial impact on the number of infected individuals and deaths by COVID-19.

Live through of the Students in the Conditions of Pandemic of Covid - 19

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-171
Author(s):  
Valeri Stoyanov
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
The Other ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

Using the methodological approach of qualitative research to conduct empirical research in the social sciences, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on students' experiences of the present and their projections for the future is revealed. The results show that many of them find positives from social isolation in the opportunity to pay more attention to the people important to them and to work more purposefully on their own development. On the other hand, serious fears are revealed, the main of which is for the health and life of their loved ones, as well as for the future, for their career development and realization. They find it difficult to tolerate social isolation and most of them experience their mental state as shaky, as depressed. In general, students have a negative attitude towards distance learning – online, considering it inferior to face-to-face training and assess this training as a risk to their professional development and subsequent realization in the labor market.

Journal influence in corporate research

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Borokhovich ◽  
Allissa Lee ◽  
Betty Simkins
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Corporate Finance ◽  
Relative Influence ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Journal Citation Reports ◽  
The Social ◽  
Total Influence ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – Studies of research influence commonly look at the overall field of finance. The purpose of this paper is to examine the sub-field of corporate finance at four different points in time to determine its evolution and range of influence, specifically focussing on the relative influence of seven leading journals. Design/methodology/approach – Not all articles appearing in the set of journals are in corporate finance. The authors examine each article published in the journals for four key periods and identify those that are corporate. The impact factors (IFs) published in the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) are for all articles appearing in a journal. The authors are interested only in the corporate articles, so the authors calculate separate corporate IFs based on the citations to the corporate articles using the JCR technique. Findings – The authors find a broad corporate research environment with influence that extends well beyond finance. The authors also find differences in the relative influence of the journals not only in their total influence, but in where the influence occurs outside finance and other business journals and even more broadly in the social sciences. Research limitations/implications – The exclusion of journals outside the seven selected may not uncover other areas where corporate finance articles impact research more broadly. Also, classification of articles is inherently subjective. Practical implications – The authors draw comparisons between journals and corporate finance topic areas; indicating the breadth and depth research in these areas attain. These results should prove beneficial to researchers in determining areas of influence for their work, consequently providing opportunities for additional exchanges of ideas resulting in better and more informed research in the overall social sciences. Further, our approach to analyzing journal influence could prove fruitful for additional research. Originality/value – The findings allow for a greater understanding of the influence of individual journals and their subsequent rankings by a number of different means. The authors propose that the means and measures employed here can lead to a greater understanding of how influential a journal really is. Further, the authors contend that the study provides comparisons of the scope and depth of influence for each journal in a way that could lead to new avenues of research.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
The Other ◽  
Traditional Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Realm ◽  
The Impact

The traditional research approaches common in different disciplines of social sciences centered around one half of the social realm: the actors. The other half are the relations established by these actors and forming the basis of “social.” The social structure shaped by these relations, the position of the actor within this structure, and the impact of this position on the actor are mostly excluded by the traditional research methods. In this chapter, the authors introduce social network analysis and how it complements the other methods.

Social distancing in a social therapy environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 113-127
Author(s):  
Geraldine Ann Akerman ◽  
Emily Jones ◽  
Harry Talbot ◽  
Gemma Grahame-Wright
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Social Therapy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Emotional Environment ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on a prison-based therapeutic community (TC). Design/methodology/approach The paper takes the form of a case study where the authors reflect on their current practice, using the findings of research on social isolation and the overarching TC principles to explore the effect of the pandemic on the TC at HMP Grendon. The authors consider how the residents and staff adjusted to the change as the parameters changed when the social distancing rules were imposed and how they adapted to the prolonged break to therapy. Sections in the paper were written by a resident and an operational member of staff. The authors conclude with their thoughts on how to manage the consequences the lockdown has brought and start to think about what returning to “normality” might mean. Findings The paper describes the adjustments made by the residents and staff as the UK Government imposed the lockdown. The authors, including a resident and an operational member of staff comment on the psychological and practical impact these adjustments had. The thought is given to the idea of “recovery”, returning to “normality” and how this study can be best managed once restrictions are lifted. Research limitations/implications At the time of writing, there are no confirmed cases of COVID-19 at HMP Grendon. The measures and commitment from all staff and residents in the prison to keep the prison environment safe may in part account for this. This paper explores the effects of lockdown on the emotional environment in a TC and highlights the consequences that social isolation can have on any individual. To the authors’ knowledge, there is currently no research undertaken on the impact of lockdown/social isolation on a TC. This research would be useful, as the authors postulate from reflections on current practice that the effects of the lockdown will be greater in a social therapy environment. Originality/value HMP Grendon started in 1962, as this time there have been no significant events that have meant the suspension of therapy for such a sustained period. It is, therefore, important that the impact of such is considered and reflected upon.

Three Decades of Psychological Research in the Journal Cognitive Psychology (1979–1999)

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 972-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mestre ◽  
F. Tortosa ◽  
P. Samper ◽  
M. J. Nácher
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Psychology ◽  
Citation Index ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Social Science Citation Index ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Productive Authors

We examined the journal Cognitive Psychology, as representative of the evolution of cognitive psychology during the last three decades (1979–1999). Analysis of changes in the impact factor defined according to the Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) is an indication of the ranking of this journal both in the general classification of archival research journals as well as in relation to other periodicals in the area of cognitive psychology. This single quantitative measure of articles published in Cognitive Psychology indicates a change in the topics of interest. An analysis of the research topics and identification of the most productive authors identifies important indicators of the psychological topics of primary interest during this time.

scholarly journals The Impact of Social Isolation on Romantic Relationships During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bedia Kalemzer KARACA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
The Social ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
The Impact ◽  
At Home

Due to the severe course of COVID-19, the rate of transmission, and the high risk of death, country governments have taken many measures, such as social isolation, to reduce the rate of transmission. This study, it is aimed to reveal the effect of the social isolation process caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on the romantic relationships of individuals. In this correlational study, 540 people (n=433 females, n=107 males) who had a romantic relationship in Turkey were reached by random sampling method. The participants were given the Sociodemographic Information Form and the Anxiety in Romantic Relationships During the Covid-19 Pandemic Period. Validity and reliability analyzes of the scale were made. Romantic relationships of the Covid-19 pandemic process have been determined that it affects women more than men, those with low education levels more than those with higher levels, and those with short relationships than those with long-term relationships. At the same time, it was concluded that those who live separately are more affected than those who live together, those who avoid sexuality are more affected than those who do not, and those who apply social distance rules at home are more affected than those who do not apply social distance rules at home. The research has some limitations. The scale was applied online to 540 people and reached a limited number of people. The results need to be supported by different studies.

scholarly journals فقہائے اربعہ ؒ کےاقوال کی روشنی میں نصابِ زکوٰۃ کے معاصرانہ تقاضے:ایک تحقیقی جائزہ

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-100
Author(s):  
Dr. Javed Khan ◽  
Dr. Muhammad Mushtaq Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Social Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Paper Currency ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gold Silver ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Needy

Zakat is one of the main pillars of Islam. On one hand, it purifies the income of the wealthy people, on the other hand, it helps the needy people hence the social value of Islam and brotherhood is promoted. The niṣāb of few things are very clear as mentioned in aḥādīth in quit unambiguous manner just like nisāb of gold, silver, and livestock, etc. However in a situation when a person’s wealth is a mixture of a different kind of Amwāl-e-zakat and none of them reach to the limit of nisāb, especially in the case of gold, silver, and modern-day paper currency,  in this case, whether gold, silver or paper shall be combined for the obligation of zakat or not? Imam Malik, Imam Abū Yūsuf and Imam Muhammad are of the view that the merger shall be based on its quantity/parts((ضم بالاجزاء. On the other hand, according to Imam Abū Ḥanifa, the merger shall be based on the price of gold and silver and the person should be considered nisāb holder if the price of the combined assets reaches the price of nisāb of silver. The above principle shall also be applied for Uzḥiyyah as well. Currently, due to the huge difference in the price of silver and gold, if we take the merger of different assets based on price, people who are not even secure from financial worries become nisāb holder and they have to pay zakat as well as Uzḥiyyah. In this paper, Zakat and its conditions are briefly defined, the issue of the combination of various niṣābs is elaborated, and the modern-day problems in light of the impact of the price of silver on the combination of niṣābs are discussed along with the recommendations.

scholarly journals The Impact of Social Engineer Attack Phases on Improved Security Countermeasures

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Louay Karadsheh ◽  
Haroun Alryalat ◽  
Ja'far Alqatawna ◽  
Samer Fawaz Alhawari ◽  
Mufleh Amin AL Jarrah
Keyword(s):  
Target Recognition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Deep Insight ◽  
Potential Target ◽  
The Social ◽  
Telecommunication Companies ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Social Engineer ◽  
Security Countermeasures

The objective of this paper is to examine a model to identify Social Engineer Attack Phases to improve the security countermeasures by Social-Engineer Involvement. A questionnaire was developed and distributed to a sample of 243 respondents who were actively engaged in 3 Jordanian telecommunication companies. All hypotheses were tested using (PLS-SEM). The results of the study indicate that Social Engineer Attack Phases (Identification the potential target, Target Recognition, Decision approach, and Execution) have a partially mediate and significant impact on improving the security countermeasures by Social-Engineer Involvement. On the other hand, the Social Engineer Attack Phases (Information Aggregations, Analysis and Interpretation, Armament, and Influencing) have a fully mediate and significant impact on improving the security countermeasures by Social-Engineer Involvement. The findings of this study help to provide deep insight to help security professionals prepare better and implement the right and appropriate countermeasures, whether technical or soft measures.

scholarly journals Dampak Munculnya Akun Anonim untuk Mengekspresikan Diri

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evi Intan Puspitasari
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Twitter Account ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Nowadays the community considers social media as one of the most important things in daily life. For the social media community is a form of self-editing exporters, for example, many anonymous accounts that violate ethics in their use in social media such as accounts to spread hoaxes, build hatred, and are provocative, but on the other hand anonymous accounts have a positive impact if used wisely. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of anonymous accounts for the public from the positive and negative sides of using anonymous accounts. The research method used is descriptive qualitative analysis of anonymous accounts on social media and through interviews from several sources with an analysis of positive and negative impacts. The results showed that an anonymous Twitter account can be a medium to pour out your heart through writing. Twitter can be an entertainment for users through uploading posts, photos and videos.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document