scholarly journals Characterising COVID-19 empirical research production in Latin America and the Caribbean: a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristián Mansilla ◽  
Cristian A. Herrera ◽  
Laura Boeira ◽  
Andrea Yearwood ◽  
Analia S. Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Global Research

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID19) pandemic has struck Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) particularly hard. One of the crucial areas in the international community’s response relates to accelerating research and knowledge sharing. The aim of this article is to map and characterise the existing empirical research related to COVID-19 in LAC countries and contribute to identify opportunities for strengthening future research.MethodsIn this scoping review, articles published between December 2019 and 11 November 2020 were selected if they included an empirical component (explicit scientific methods to collect and analyse primary data), LAC population was researched, and the research was about the COVID-19 pandemic, regardless of publication status or language. MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, Scielo, CENTRAL and Epistemonikos were searched. All titles and abstracts, and full texts were screened by two independent reviewers. Data from included studies was extracted by one reviewer and checked by a second independent reviewer.Results14,406 records were found. After removing duplicates, 5,458 titles and abstracts were screened, of which 2,323 full texts were revised to finally include 1,626 empirical studies. The largest portion of research came from people/population of Brazil (54.6%), Mexico (19.1%), Colombia (11.2%), Argentina (10.4%), Peru (10.3%) and Chile (10%), while Caribbean countries concentrated 15.3%. The methodologies most used were cross-sectional studies (34.7%), simulation models (17.5%) and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (13.6%). Using a modified version of WHO’s COVID-19 Coordinated Global Research Roadmap classification, 54.2% were epidemiological studies, followed by clinical management (22.3%) and candidate therapeutics (12.2%). Government and public funds support were reported in 19.2% of studies, followed by universities or research centres (9%), but 47.5% did not include any funding statement.ConclusionDuring the first part of the COVID-19 pandemic, LAC countries have contributed to the global research effort primarily with epidemiological studies, with little participation on vaccines research, meaning that this type of knowledge would be imported from elsewhere. Research agendas could be further coordinated aiming to enhance shared self-sufficiency regarding knowledge needs in the region.

Prevalence of systemic sclerosis in Colombia: Data from the National Health Registry 2012–2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel G Fernández-Ávila ◽  
Santiago Bernal-Macías ◽  
Juan M Gutiérrez ◽  
Diana N Rincón ◽  
Diego Rosselli
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
National Health ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Introduction: Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that characteristically presents with fibrosis and vasculopathy. In Latin America, the information on the epidemiology of this disease is scarce and records are essential to know its behavior in the populations. In Colombia, the Ministry of Health uses the SISPRO tool to collect information on the unified national health system which offers nearly universal coverage (around 95%). This public information makes it possible to perform epidemiological studies on different diseases. Objectives: Using the SISPRO data corresponding to the years 2012–2016, we analyzed the prevalence and characteristics of patients with systemic sclerosis. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed based on the SISPRO data; we used as keywords the diagnoses of the International Classification of Diseases related to the diagnosis of systemic sclerosis. Results: A total of 11,300 individuals diagnosed with systemic sclerosis were documented. The estimated prevalence was 23.7 cases per 100,000 inhabitants (based on a total population of 47,663,162); this disease is more frequent in the age group of 65–69 years in females (77%), and has a female:male ratio of 3.27:1. Conclusion: This study describes the epidemiological characteristics of systemic sclerosis in Colombia, based on official statistics from the Ministry of Health. The results provide a new vision of this disease in Latin America and open the door to future research, in order to better understand the particular characteristics of this disease in our country and our region.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional analysis of COVID-19 vaccine intention, perceptions and hesitancy across Latin America and the Caribbean

2021 ◽  
pp. 102059
Author(s):  
Diego Urrunaga-Pastor ◽  
Guido Bendezu-Quispe ◽  
Percy Herrera-Añazco ◽  
Angela Uyen-Cateriano ◽  
Carlos J. Toro-Huamanchumo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Sectional Analysis

scholarly journals Definitions and Prevalence of Multimorbidity in Large Database Studies: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1673
Author(s):  
Ying Pin Chua ◽  
Ying Xie ◽  
Poay Sian Sabrina Lee ◽  
Eng Sing Lee
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Coding Systems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Definition Of

Background: Multimorbidity presents a key challenge to healthcare systems globally. However, heterogeneity in the definition of multimorbidity and design of epidemiological studies results in difficulty in comparing multimorbidity studies. This scoping review aimed to describe multimorbidity prevalence in studies using large datasets and report the differences in multimorbidity definition and study design. Methods: We conducted a systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases to identify large epidemiological studies on multimorbidity. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) protocol for reporting the results. Results: Twenty articles were identified. We found two key definitions of multimorbidity: at least two (MM2+) or at least three (MM3+) chronic conditions. The prevalence of multimorbidity MM2+ ranged from 15.3% to 93.1%, and 11.8% to 89.7% in MM3+. The number of chronic conditions used by the articles ranged from 15 to 147, which were organized into 21 body system categories. There were seventeen cross-sectional studies and three retrospective cohort studies, and four diagnosis coding systems were used. Conclusions: We found a wide range in reported prevalence, definition, and conduct of multimorbidity studies. Obtaining consensus in these areas will facilitate better understanding of the magnitude and epidemiology of multimorbidity.

scholarly journals Family Variables and Quality of Life in Children with Down Syndrome: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 419
Author(s):  
Anna Lee ◽  
Kathleen Knafl ◽  
Marcia Van Riper
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome ◽  
Family Variables

The purpose of this scoping review was to identify the family and child quality of life variables that have been studied in relation to one another in children with Down syndrome, the frequency with which different relationships have been studied, and the extent to which family variables were the focus of the research aims. A literature search was conducted to find studies published between January 2007 and June 2018. The initial search yielded 2314 studies; of these, 43 were selected for a final review. Researchers most often addressed family resources and family problem-solving and coping concerning child personal development and physical well-being. Little attention to child emotional well-being was observed, with none considering family appraisal of child emotional well-being. The relationship between family variables and child QoL rarely was the primary focus of the study. Methodologically, most reviewed studies used cross-sectional designs, were conducted in North America and based on maternal report. From future research considering the issues found in this review, healthcare providers can obtain an in-depth understanding of relationships between children and family variables.

scholarly journals The situation of nursing education in Latin America and the Caribbean towards universal health

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Helena De Bortoli Cassiani ◽  
Lynda Law Wilson ◽  
Sabrina de Souza Elias Mikael ◽  
Laura Morán Peña ◽  
Rosa Amarilis Zarate Grajales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Nursing Education ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Experiences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Universal Health

Objective: to assess the situation of nursing education and to analyze the extent to which baccalaureate level nursing education programs in Latin America and the Caribbean are preparing graduates to contribute to the achievement of Universal Health. Method: quantitative, descriptive/exploratory, cross-sectional study carried out in 25 countries. Results: a total of 246 nursing schools participated in the study. Faculty with doctoral level degrees totaled 31.3%, without Brazil this is reduced to 8.3%. The ratio of clinical experiences in primary health care services to hospital-based services was 0.63, indicating that students receive more clinical experiences in hospital settings. The results suggested a need for improvement in internet access; information technology; accessibility for the disabled; program, faculty and student evaluation; and teaching/learning methods. Conclusion: there is heterogeneity in nursing education in Latin America and the Caribbean. The nursing curricula generally includes the principles and values of Universal Health and primary health care, as well as those principles underpinning transformative education modalities such as critical and complex thinking development, problem-solving, evidence-based clinical decision-making, and lifelong learning. However, there is a need to promote a paradigm shift in nursing education to include more training in primary health care.

Chinese Americans’ use of patient portal systems: a scoping review (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine Lawrence ◽  
Stella Chong ◽  
Holly Krelle ◽  
Timothy Roberts ◽  
Lorna Thorpe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Chinese American ◽  
Chinese Americans ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Patient Portal ◽  
Patient Portals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Use Patterns

BACKGROUND Patient portals are increasingly deployed in healthcare systems as communication and information-sharing tools for patients and providers. While portals show promise in addressing healthcare access, quality, and outcomes, research on portal access and use patterns among diverse populations is limited, including among Chinese Americans. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to summarize existing evidence on the access and use patterns, barriers, and facilitators of patient portals among Chinese Americans, and to identify gaps and areas for future research. METHODS The authors conducted a scoping review using the PRISMA Protocol for Scoping Reviews of articles published in major databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO) on the topic of patient portals and Chinese Americans. Authors independently reviewed the papers during initial screening and full-text review. The studies were analyzed and coded for study method type, sample population, and main outcomes of interest. RESULTS In total 17 articles were selected for inclusion in the review. The included articles varied in study aims, methodology, data collection, sample population, and geographic areas of study. The majority of studies were cross-sectional in nature. Major findings and themes identified from the articles include: variable patterns of patient portal access and use among Chinese Americans compared to other racial/ethnic groups; limited evidence on the specific barriers and facilitators of access and use for this group; a reliance on quantitative proxy measures (e.g. log-ins, click-throughs) to assess portal access and use; and a pattern of aggregating Chinese American-related data into a larger Asian or Asian American designation. CONCLUSIONS There is limited research dedicated to understanding the use patterns, experiences, and needs of Chinese Americans who access and utilize patient portal systems. Most research is cross-sectional, focusing on disparities in use and access, and have tended to aggregate the Chinese American experience into that of Asian Americans. Future research should focus specifically on Chinese Americans and prioritize more detailed evaluations of their relationship to patient portal technology to understand specific use patterns, preferences, and needs. A broader understanding of the diversity of health technology users can help ensure applicable and equitable design, development, and implementation of these tools. CLINICALTRIAL N/a

scholarly journals Electronic health records (EHR) simulation-based training: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e036884
Author(s):  
Joseph K Nuamah ◽  
Karthik Adapa ◽  
Lukasz Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Ethical Review ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Electronic Health ◽  
Free Environment

IntroductionEffective electronic health record (EHR)-based training interventions facilitate improved EHR use for healthcare providers. One such training intervention is simulation-based training that emphasises learning actual tasks through experimentation in a risk-free environment without negative patient outcomes. EHR-specific simulation-based training can be employed to improve EHR use, thereby enhancing healthcare providers’ skills and behaviours. Despite the potential advantages of this type of training, no study has identified and mapped the available evidence. To fill that gap, this scoping review will synthesise the current state of literature on EHR simulation-based training.Methods and analysisThe Arksey and O’Malley methodological framework will be employed. Three databases (PubMed, Embase and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) will be searched for published articles. ProQuest and Google Scholar will be searched to identify unpublished articles. Databases will be searched from inception to 29 January 2020. Only articles written in English, randomised control trials, cohort studies, cross-sectional studies and case-control studies will be considered for inclusion. Two reviewers will independently screen titles and abstracts against inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then, they will review full texts to determine articles for final inclusion. Citation chaining will be conducted to manually screen references of all included studies to identify additional studies not found by the search. A data abstraction form with relevant characteristics will be developed to help address the research question. Descriptive numerical analysis will be used to describe characteristics of included studies. Based on the extracted data, research evidence of EHR simulation-based training will be synthesised.Ethics and disseminationSince no primary data will be collected, there will be no formal ethical review. Research findings will be disseminated through publications, presentations and meetings with relevant stakeholders.

Mental Imagery in Volleyball Settings: A Scoping Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Ribeiro ◽  
Cláudia Dias ◽  
Valter Cardoso Barbosa Filho ◽  
José Cruz ◽  
António Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Mental Imagery ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychological Skills ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Imagery Training ◽  
Certification Programs ◽  
Volleyball Players

Abstract This article presents a scoping review of the published literature on mental imagery in the context of volleyball. Four online databases and one peer-reviewed journals were searched, based on the inclusion criteria. Publication information, procedures and research methods, sample characteristics, sport type and type of mental imagery were analyzed. The selection process found 52 studies, and results showed that from 1987 to 2018 the mental images, along with other psychological skills, have gained popularity in volleyball settings. The examined studies used cross-sectional and experimental approaches, and the analysis was assessed by quantitative data and/ or mental imagery training programs (with relaxation and scripts), mainly focusing on the isolated analysis of the mental imagery construct, and evaluating its use. The studies included both male and female participants, but only 11% were volleyball players. Additionally, the focus was on adolescents and young adult athletes, mostly from high school/ university or international/ elite levels. However, just two studies examined athletes under the age of 16. Considering the present study’s results, limitations, and its implications for practice (e. g. to provide the coach certification programs with specific mental imagery contents), future research directions were highlighted, such as improve mental imagery training programs for children and youth volleyball players.

A Scoping Review of Literature on Sex and Gender Differences Among Dementia Spousal Caregivers

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. e802-e815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifah Arbel ◽  
Kathleen S Bingham ◽  
Deirdre R Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Spousal Caregivers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Sex And Gender Differences

Abstract Background and Objectives Sex and gender differences among dementia spousal caregivers have been investigated, but never systematically reviewed or synthesized. A synthesis of findings can help facilitate specificity in practice and in health policy development. As a first step towards such a synthesis, this scoping review reports the available evidence, identifies research gaps, and suggests possible directions for future research. Research Design and Methods A scoping review methodology was used to identify articles, and to chart and analyze data. Systematic searches for published, empirical studies, with an explicit goal or hypothesis related to sex or gender differences were conducted in seven databases. Results Sixty-one studies met inclusion criteria. Most (n = 45) were quantitative, cross-sectional studies. Caregivers included in the studies were generally 61–70 years old, Caucasian, middle-class, and highly educated. The most extensively investigated differences are: depression, burden, objective physical health, and informal supports. Discussion and Implications This scoping review is the first to summarize and critique the research on sex and gender differences that are specific to dementia spousal caregivers. The review can be used by researchers to make decisions regarding future systematic reviews and primary studies. To further strengthen the evidence base, future studies may benefit from including more caregivers of ethnic minorities, using more qualitative, longitudinal, or experimental designs, and focusing on variables needed to inform caregiving models and theories. Overall, this scoping review contributes to furthering gender-sensitive practices and policies that are better tailored to the specific needs of this population.

scholarly journals Talent Research in Sport 1990–2018: A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Baker ◽  
Stuart Wilson ◽  
Kathryn Johnston ◽  
Nima Dehghansai ◽  
Aaron Koenigsberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cognitive Variables ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Research Designs

Several recent systematic and targeted reviews have highlighted limitations in our understanding of talent in sport. However, a comprehensive profile of where the scientific research has focused would help identify gaps in current knowledge. Our goal in this scoping review was (a) to better understand what others have done in the field of research (e.g., what groups have been examined using what research designs and in what areas), (b) to summarize the constituent areas of research in a meaningful way, (c) to help identify gaps in the research, and (d) to encourage future research to address these gaps. Peer-reviewed articles written in English that met several inclusion criteria were analyzed. A total of 1,899 articles were identified, and the descriptive findings revealed a relatively narrow focus of research on talent in sport. Specifically, the majority of examined articles focused on (a) males only, (b) the sport of soccer, (c) perceptual cognitive variables, (d) developing athletes, (e) adult samples, and (f) cross-sectional designs. For better or worse, the concept of talent remains a central element of how coaches, practitioners, and scientists think about athlete development. Findings from this scoping review highlight the continued need to explore issues related to talent identification, selection, and development in more diverse samples (e.g., female athletes and younger ages) and contexts (e.g., from Africa, Asia, and South America). There is also a clear necessity to focus on under-researched areas using alternative methodologies.

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