scholarly journals Statistical loadings and latent significance simplify and improve interpretation of multivariate projection models

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pär Jonsson ◽  
Benny Björkblom ◽  
Elin Chorell ◽  
Tommy Olsson ◽  
Henrik Antti
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
True Positive Rate ◽  
Projection Methods ◽  
Systematic Variation ◽  
Model Interpretation ◽  
Metabolomics Study

AbstractMultivariate projection methods are unique in being both multivariable by combining many variables into stronger predictive features (latent variables), and multivariate for being able to model systematic variation both related and orthogonal to an observed response. Orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS) is a versatile multivariate projection method for analysis of correlation, discrimination and effect changes. However, currently OPLS is not fully using its multivariate potential since orthogonal systematic variation is not considered in model interpretation, resulting in univariate interpretation of variable significance. We present a strategy for improved interpretation of OPLS models based upon a post-hoc linear regression analysis that can be used with or without the orthogonal OPLS score(s) as a covariate to make the interpretation multivariate or univariate respectively. By selecting the observed response y or estimated response yhat as a one of the factors in the linear regression the results are related to either of the OPLS loadings w or p. Furthermore, converting the OPLS loading values to statistical t-values creates a direct link to statistical significance. Finally, by applying three different Boolean loadings W, P and W∧P variable significance can be summarized based on three criteria. W and P reveal if the values in w or p respectively are outside the statistical limits with W∧P being the logical conjunction of W and P (significant if outside limits in both W and P). Two examples are used to verify the proposed strategy. First, a synthetic example, simulating a mix of mass spectra, and second a clinical metabolomics study of a dietary intervention. In the simulated example we show that multivariate interpretation gives higher accuracy for estimation of true differences, mainly due to higher true positive rate. Furthermore, we highlight how application of W∧P for summarizing variable significance leads to higher accuracy. For the metabolomics example, we show that a more detailed interpretation, i.e. larger number of significant metabolites of relevance, is obtained using the multivariate interpretation. In summary, the suggested strategy provides means for facilitated interpretation of OPLS models, beyond univariate statistics, and offers a multivariate tool for discovery of biomarker patterns, i.e. latent biomarkers.

scholarly journals Predictors of job motivation among doctors and nurses in a tertiary hospital in Sokoto, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1385
Author(s):  
Aminu U. Kaoje ◽  
Bello A. Magaji ◽  
Mansur O. Raji ◽  
Remi A. Oladigbolu ◽  
Mansur B. K. Mohammed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Job Attributes ◽  
Job Motivation ◽  
Managerial Position ◽  
Motivating Factor ◽  
Doctors And Nurses

Background: Doctors and nurses are the largest and very important human resources for health within health service organizations; therefore their performance will impact the overall organizational performance. The study was aimed to assess the predictors of job motivation among Doctors and nurses of a tertiary hospital.Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among 334 doctors and nurses. Multi-stage sampling method was used to select study respondents and self-administered questionnaires developed based on Maslow and Herzberg theories of motivation. Linear regression analysis was performed to determine the predictors of job motivation. The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05.Results: The motivators were ranked in order of importance from achievement factors, remuneration, job attributes and co-workers. Linear regression revealed only respondents’ designation significantly predicted job attributes as a motivating factor. Doctors were less likely to be motivated by their job attributes compared with nurses (p=0.03). Sex (p=0.01) and holding managerial position (p=0.001) predicted remuneration as a motivating factor for doctors and nurses. Disaggregation by profession showed, only holding managerial position (p=0.02) predicted remuneration as a motivating factor for doctors while for nurses, predictors were sex (p=0.001) and holding managerial position (p=0.02). Co-workers as a motivating factor for all groups were predicted by holding managerial position (p=0.01) and designation (p=0.03).Conclusions: Motivation was influenced by both financial (remuneration) and non-financial incentives (achievements). Healthcare professionals tend to be motivated more by non-financial factors, implying that this should be a cogent strategy for effective employee management.

scholarly journals A Study of the Effect of the Front-End Styling of Sport Utility Vehicles on Pedestrian Head Injuries

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Guanjun Zhang ◽  
Qin Qin ◽  
Zheng Chen ◽  
Zhonghao Bai ◽  
Libo Cao
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Feature Parameters ◽  
Front End

Background. The number of sport utility vehicles (SUVs) on China market is continuously increasing. It is necessary to investigate the relationships between the front-end styling features of SUVs and head injuries at the styling design stage for improving the pedestrian protection performance and product development efficiency. Methods. Styling feature parameters were extracted from the SUV side contour line. And simplified finite element models were established based on the 78 SUV side contour lines. Pedestrian headform impact simulations were performed and validated. The head injury criterion of 15 ms (HIC15) at four wrap-around distances was obtained. A multiple linear regression analysis method was employed to describe the relationships between the styling feature parameters and the HIC15 at each impact point. Results. The relationship between the selected styling features and the HIC15 showed reasonable correlations, and the regression models and the selected independent variables showed statistical significance. Conclusions. The regression equations obtained by multiple linear regression can be used to assess the performance of SUV styling in protecting pedestrians’ heads and provide styling designers with technical guidance regarding their artistic creations.

Abstract 305: Glycated Hemoglobin Levels Predict Arterial Stiffness nad Endothelial Dysfunction in Resistant Hypertensive Diabetic Subjects

Hypertension ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz M Moreno ◽  
Rodrigo Modolo ◽  
Ana Paula Faria ◽  
Natalia Barbaro ◽  
Andréa Sabbatini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Vascular Stiffness ◽  
Common Finding

Introduction: Endothelial function, intima-media thickness (IMT) and vascular stiffness are variables closely associated in normotensive subjects as well as in hypertensive and diabetic (DM) patients; however this correlation has not been tested in resistant hypertensive (RHTN) individuals. It is known that DM is a very common finding in RHTN, but it is controversial whether this condition causes some incremental impairment in vascular dysfunction in these patients. Also, it is controversial if glycated haemoglobin plasma levels predict arterial abnormalities in RHTN individuals. Methods: Two hundred and six RHTN patients were divided in two groups: RHTN+DM (HBglic=7.3%, age= 58.7y, BMI= 30.8, n= 134) and RHTN-nonDM (5.5%, age= 58.3y, BMI= 30.5, n=72). Blood pressure (ABPM and office) was similar between the 2 groups (RHTN+DM= 150/87/63 and RHTN-nonDM= 151/89/62 mmHg; p> 0.05). Arterial rigidity (PWV, m/s, Sphygmocor system), endothelial function (FMD,%) and carotid IMT (mm) were assessed and parametric tests (t Student, Pearson correlation and linear regression) used analyse the data. Results (mean±SD): RHTN-DM group had higher values of PWV (12.1±1.6 vs. 10.7±1.7 m/s; p< 0.001) and lower measurements of FMD (7.3±1.8 vs. 8.2±1.9%; p<0.001); however, IMT values were found similar in the 2 groups (1.02±0.2 vs. 1.01±0.2 mm; p= 0.77). Hbglyc levels correlated with PWV (R=0.31; p<0.001) and FMD (R=-0,52; p<0,0001) only in the RHTN-DM group (RHTN-nonDM: R=0.01, p= 0.93, and R=-0.03, p=0.79, respectively). Linear regression analysis showed statistical significance between HbGlyc and PWV and e FMD only in RHTN-DM patients (p<0.05). Conclusion: DM worsened endothelial dysfunction and vascular stiffness, but not IMT, in RHTN subjects. Glycated haemoglobin is an important predictor of arterial rigidity and endothelial function in diabetic RHTN subjects.

scholarly journals Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis: tools, results and reflections from a 6-year monitoring

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M d’Angelo ◽  
F Malacarne ◽  
G Perri ◽  
C Smaniotto ◽  
C Battistella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Antimicrobial Prophylaxis ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis is a key practice to prevent surgical site infection. The Udine Healthcare and University Integrated Trust has defined its features in a specific procedure, available on the hospital Intranet. Compliance with the procedure has been monitored on a semi-annual basis. Methods Between July 2013 and December 2018 15 clinical records per semester for each one of the 16 surgical units were randomly extracted, including ordinary admissions with clean or clean/contaminated surgery. Compliance with the procedure was monitored for all the items considered: drug, dosage, timing of administration, redosing and duration of prophylaxis. A first comparison analysis both between semesters and for longer time frames was performed with the chi-square test; to evaluate the presence of a linear trend all over time (in semestres), the Pearson linear correlation coefficient was calculated; in case of correlation, a simple two-variable linear regression analysis was performed. Statistical significance was assessed for p &lt; 0.05. Results A sample of 2775 records was evaluated. Focusing on the first and last semester of monitoring, overall compliance increased in 9 of the 16 units, although there is a drop, when extending the analysis to the whole sample (72% vs 70.8%) with no statistical significance. Otherwise a statistically significant difference is recorded between the first and the last two years of analysis (p &lt;0.007), with an increase of overall compliance from 64.2% (2013-2014) to 69.7% (2017-2018). Finally a strong and significant negative correlation between time and overall compliance to redosing emerges (r = -0.79; p = 0.004). Conclusions Compliance with hospital procedure has substantially improved over time reaching a stable performance value. However the linear regression analysis highlights the need to implement new intervention strategies in order to increase overall compliance to redosing. Key messages Overall compliance with hospital procedure has improved over time. Results highlight the need to implement new intervention strategies.

Anthropometric variations in different BMI and adiposity levels among children, adolescents and young adults in Kolkata, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Kryst ◽  
Magdalena Żegleń ◽  
Iwona Wronka ◽  
Agnieszka Woronkowicz ◽  
Inez Bilińska-Pawlak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Anthropometric Features ◽  
Study Population

AbstractThe objective of the study was to analyse selected anthropometric features of children, adolescents and young adults from middle-class families in Kolkata, India, by BMI and adiposity categories. Standardized anthropometric measurements of 4194 individuals (1999 male and 2195 female) aged 7–21 were carried out between the years 2005 and 2011. The results were compared by BMI and adiposity categories. Statistical significance was assessed using two-way-ANOVA and linear regression analysis was performed. The study population could be differentiated in terms of BMI and adiposity categories for all examined anthropometric characteristics (p≤ 0.001). After taking age into consideration, differences were observed for males in the case of body height and humerus breadth in BMI and adiposity categories, and for femur breadth in the case of adiposity categories. For females, differences were noted in body height measurements in BMI and adiposity categories, a sum of skinfold thicknesses in BMI categories, and upper-arm and calf circumferences in adiposity categories. The patterns of differences in the BMI categories were found to be similar to those in adiposity categories. The linear regression analysis results showed that there was a significant relationship between BMI and body fat ratio in the examined population. Underweight individuals, and those with low adiposity, were characterized by lower extremity circumferences and skeletal breadths. These features reached highest values in overweight/obese persons, characterized by high body fat. However, the differences observed between each BMI and adiposity category, in most cases, were only present in early childhood.

PENGARUH FAKTOR-FAKTOR INTERNAL PERBANKAN TERHADAP NON PERFORMING FINANCING PADA BANK UMUM SYARIAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-130
Author(s):  
Eka Ambara Harci Putranta ◽  
Lilik Ambarwati
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Capital Adequacy Ratio ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Independent Variable

The study aims to analyze the influence of internal banking factors in the form of: Capital Adequency Ratio (CAR), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) and Total Assets (TA) to Non Performing Financing at Sharia Banks. This research method used multiple linear regression analysis with the help of SPSS 16.00 software which is used to see the influence between the independent variables in the form of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) and Total Assets (TA) to Non Performing Financing. The sample of this study was 3 Islamic Commercial Banks, so there were 36 annual reports obtained through purposive sampling, then analyzed using multiple linear regression methods. The results showed that based on the F Test, the independent variable had an effect on the NPF, indicated by the F value of 17,016 and significance of 0,000, overall the independent variable was able to explain the effect of 69.60%. While based on the partial t test, showed that CAR has a significant negative effect, Total assets have a significant positive effect with a significance value below 0.05 (5%). Meanwhile FDR does not affect NPF.

ANALISIS PENGARUH INFLASI, KURS DAN IHSG TERHADAP RETURN REKSA DANA SAHAM PT NIKKO SECURITIES INDONESIA PERIODE 2014-2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rois Rois ◽  
Manarotul Fatati Fatati ◽  
Winda Ihda Magfiroh
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Equity Fund ◽  
Stock Price Index

This study aims to determine the effect of Inflation, Exchange Rate and Composite Stock Price Index (IHSG) to Return of PT Nikko Securities Indonesia Stock Fund period 2014-2017. The study used secondary data obtained through documentation in the form of PT Nikko Securities Indonesia Monthly Net Asset (NAB) report. Data analysis is used with quantitative analysis, multiple linear regression analysis using eviews 9. Population and sample in this research are PT Nikko Securities Indonesia. The result of multiple linear regression analysis was the coefficient of determination (R2) showed the result of 0.123819 or 12%. This means that the Inflation, Exchange Rate and Composite Stock Price Index (IHSG) variables can influence the return of PT Nikko Securities Indonesia's equity fund of 12% and 88% is influenced by other variables. Based on the result of the research, the variables of inflation and exchange rate have a negative and significant effect toward the return of PT Nikko Securities Indonesia's equity fund. While the variable of Composite Stock Price Index (IHSG) has a negative but not significant effect toward Return of Equity Fund of PT Nikko Securities Indonesia

Struktur Organisasi, Desain Kerja, Budaya Organisasi Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Produktivitas Karyawan Studi Kasus Pada PT. XX Di Jakarta

Liquidity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanti Budiasih
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Job Design ◽  
Employee Productivity ◽  
Dominant Influence

The objectives of this study are to analyze changes in organizational structure, job design, organizational culture and its influence on employee productivity at PT. XX in Jakarta and to identify variables that have a dominant influence on the productivity of employees. The research method used is using multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that the all variables simultaneously and partially change the organizational structure, job design, and organizational culture has a significant impact on employee productivity at PT. XXin Jakarta.

The Contribution of Sexual Identity Towards the Students’ Perception of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender

10.32698/0642 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Wiwi Delfita ◽  
Neviyarni S. ◽  
Riska Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Sexual Identity ◽  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Simple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Bisexual And Transgender

Some students perceive lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) positively, even though LGBT is a sexual deviation that is not appropriate with values and norms. There are several factors that influence an individual's perception of LGBT, including sexual identity. This study aims at looking at the contribution of sexual identity to student perceptions about LGBT. This research used a quantitative approach with a descriptive method and a simple linear regression analysis. The sample of this research was 385 taken from 15.752 undergraduate students of Universitas Negeri Padang which the sample was drawn by using the Slovin formula and continued with a Proportional Random Sampling technique. The instrument used was the Guttman model's sexual identity scale and the scale of students' perceptions of the LGBT Likert model. After analyzing the data with the descriptive technique and the simple linear regression analysis, the results showed that sexual identity significantly contributed to the students' perceptions of LGBT. This research has implications as a basis for counselors to help students avoid sexual identity mismatches and prevent the emergence of positive perceptions of LGBT.

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