Maternal education and child nutritional status: evidence from Uganda

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Bbaale
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Government ◽  
Child Nutritional Status

Purpose – The debate concerning the relationship between maternal education and child nutritional status is not a foregone conclusion. This paper aims to contribute to the existing debate by examining this relationship for the case of Uganda. Design/methodology/approach – Theoretically, the study was based on household models of optimization, just like in the standard consumer theory, to gain insights into household demand for the health good. Empirically, the paper employed maximum-likelihood probit models and computed marginal effects in order to obtain logically interpretable results. Findings – The paper finds that once the socio-economic factors are controlled for, the significance of maternal education, especially primary and secondary levels, in influencing child nutrition status decays but post-secondary education persists. Therefore, if mothers are exposed to the same socio-economic conditions, it is education of the mother beyond secondary level that generates a difference in the child nutrition outcomes. Practical implications – These findings suggest that efforts to improve the child health outcomes in the future need to target measures that aim to educate women beyond secondary level. The government program to extend free education at the secondary level is a good start and should be strengthened. Originality/value – Literature presents no consensus on the effect of maternal education and child nutritional status. It is often argued that maternal education is simply a proxy for the socio-economic conditions and geographical area of residence such its significance decays once these are controlled for. Yet others argue that maternal education is a single most important factor influencing child nutritional outcomes. The debate is still very hot and this study sought to contribute to this debate for the case of Uganda.

Comparison of the effects of the food supplementation programmes of ICDS centers and primary schools at Bali Gram Panchayat, Arambagh, West Bengal, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 232-246
Author(s):  
Gopal Chandra Mandal ◽  
Kaushik Bose ◽  
Slawomir Koziel
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Food Supplementation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Quality Of Food ◽  
The Government ◽  
Better Than

Purpose – Developing countries like India, accounts for about 40 percent of undernourished children in the World and it is largely due to the result of dietary inadequacy in relation to their needs. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the changes in the nutritional status of the children, from their preschool days to the present primary school days. Design/methodology/approach – The present investigation was conducted at 20 Integrated Child Development Service (ICDS) centers (Center-A) and 15 primary schools (Center-B) in Bali Gram Panchayat, Arambag, Hooghly District of West Bengal, India, at an interval of three to four years. A total of 1,012 children (boys=498; girls=514) aged two to six years old enrolled in these ICDS centers and a total of 603 children (boys=300, girls=303), aged five to ten years were studied from the 15 primary schools who were the beneficiaries of ICDS centers. Underweight (weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ)) and wasting (weight-for height Z-score (WHZ)) were used to assess the nutritional status. Findings – The nutritional situation (both in case of underweight and wasting) was better in Center B as compared with Center A. In general, the nutritional condition of boys was better than girls. Center had a very significant effect on both WAZ as well as WHZ, irrespective of age and sex. Sex has a significant impact only on WAZ. Interestingly, there was no significant sex-center interaction for both WAZ as well as WHZ. The children of the area were getting Mid Day Meal supplied through the school authorities which was comparatively better than the ICDS centers’ food supplementation. Better monitoring of nutritional supplementation at primary schools may be an important factor. Practical implications – In ICDS centers, only the Anganwari worker is responsible in running and implementing the programs offered by the Government. However, at primary schools, the active involvement of all the teachers to run the program may have effectively led to have better results. Furthermore, the Government's focus should not be only on the increase the area covered by the ICDS program, but focus should be to increase the quality of food supplied, proper monitoring of the implementation and increase the allocation of funds. Appropriate measures may be taken by the authorities regarding this. Originality/value – The results of the study will help in policy making in reducing the prevalence of undernutrition.

scholarly journals Irrigation, drinking water quality, and child nutritional status in northern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-434
Author(s):  
Muhammed A. Usman ◽  
Nicolas Gerber
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Child Nutritional Status

Abstract In this paper, we investigate the relationship between household drinking water quality and irrigation and child nutrition using primary household survey data and microbiological water sample testings in two rural districts of Ethiopia. Anthropometric measures such as height-for-age z-scores (HAZ), weight-for-age z-scores (WAZ), and weight-for-height z-scores (WHZ) were used to measure stunting, underweight, and wasting, respectively. Our survey results show that 41% of the children are stunted, 26% underweight, and 8% wasted. More than 58% of household's stored drinking water samples were also contaminated with Escherichia coli bacteria. The multivariate regression results suggest that irrigation farming and on-premises water sources are significantly associated with lower HAZ, while uncontaminated household stored drinking water quality is correlated with higher WAZ. The results also reveal that dietary diversity score and the number of antenatal care visits by the primary caretaker are statistically significant predictors of child nutritional status. These findings, however, cast doubt on the hypothesis that irrigated agriculture exclusively has a positive effect on child nutrition outcomes.

Path Analysis on the Determinants of Complementary Feeding Practice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renidya Asyura Muttabi’ Deya Fa’ni ◽  
◽  
Yulia Lanti Retno Dewi ◽  
Isna Qadrijati ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Child Nutritional Status

ABSTRACT Background: Complementary feeding practice is needed to be optimized to maximize children’s potential for growth and development. However, there are still many obstacles in provide complementary feeding practice. This study aimed to examine the determinants of complementary feeding practice. Subjects and Method: A cross sectional study was conducted in Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from October to November 2019. A sample of 200 mothers who had infants aged 6-24 months was selected by probability sampling. The dependent variable was complementary feeding practice. The independent variables were birthweight, child nutritional status, maternal knowledge toward complementary feeding, maternal education, and family income. The data were collected by infant weight scale, infantometer, and questionnaire. The data were analyzed by a multiple logistic regression run on Stata 13. Results: Complementary feeding practice increased with birthweight ≥2500 g (b= 2.67; 95% CI=0.59 to.89; p= 0.008), child nutritional status (WHZ) -2.0 to 2.0 SD (b= 2.72; 95% CI=o.75 to 4.61; p= 0.006), high maternal knowledge toward complementary feeding (b= 2.27; 95% CI= 0.27 to 3.79; p= 0.023), maternal education ≥Senior high school (b= 2.19; 95% CI= 0.23 to 4.25; p= 0.028), and family income ≥Rp 1,571,000 (b= 2.42; 95% CI= 0.39 to 3.77; p= 0.015). Conclusion: Complementary feeding practice increases with birthweight ≥2500 g, good child nutritional status, high maternal knowledge toward complementary feeding, high maternal education, and high family income. Keywords: complementary feeding, path analysis Correspondence: Renidya Asyura Muttabi’ Deya Fa’ni. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +62 815 3934 0421. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.103

Addressing utilization of the ICDS programme in Tamil Nadu, India: how class and caste matters

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 166-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilip Diwakar G.
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Wealth Quintile ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Government

Purpose – The reduction in under nutrition is very slow in the past two decades in India even with high-economic growth rate and expansion in the ICDS programme. The ICDS evaluation studies majorly stressed on the general factors but they fail to acknowledge the structural factors - class and caste - while providing solutions. In Tamil Nadu nutritional status and utilization of ICDS services are better as compared to all-India average. The purpose of this paper is to explore the nutritional status of the poor and scheduled caste (SC) in Tamil Nadu and their utilization of ICDS services and to examine the role of group-specific factors in low reduction of nutritional status and utilization of ICDS programme. Design/methodology/approach – Multivariate analysis and logistic regression method were used using SPSS. Findings – The reduction of underweight is slow among the poorest and SC, moreover, the disparity between the richest and poorest as well as upper caste and SC is increasing. Logistic regression analysis shows that the poorest are marginalized, children belonging to poorer income group have higher chances of using the ICDS than the poorest and it is significant. After making the wealth quintile constant, the utilization of ICDS services across social groups showed that, though the poorest quintile has less access, within them the SC had utilized less compared to the other backward class (OBC). This indicates the poorest SCs are more vulnerable and marginalized across all quintiles and social groups. Research limitations/implications – In Tamil Nadu there is no sufficient sample of other caste/tribe and scheduled tribe. It would have given more insight on the utilization pattern. Lack of qualitative data has limited in explaining few phenomena to get more insight. Social implications – It will help the government to formulate more inclusive policy and address the issue of exclusion of marginalized people. Originality/value – The main core argument was based on the Tamil Nadu National Family Health Survey (NFHS) III unit-level data.

IMF loan conditions will worsen Egyptian discontent

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Market Exchange ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Political Dissent ◽  
Market Exchange Rate ◽  
Economic Collapse ◽  
The Government

Significance The government's struggle to stave off economic collapse has become increasingly frantic, as inflation has surged, the gap between the official and black market exchange rate has reached or exceeded 100%, and consumers have difficulty finding basics such as sugar and rice. Impacts Increased incidents of popular protests and political dissent reflect worsening economic conditions. Measures to be taken as part of the IMF deal, notably devaluation and further subsidy cuts, could exacerbate social and political tensions. Sisi will deflect some of the blame for the economic crisis onto the government and the central bank. If the government survives this crisis, the economy could recover in the medium term.

South Sudan's multiple conflicts will not subside

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South Sudan ◽  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
South Sudanese ◽  
The Government ◽  
Sudanese Refugees

Significance South Sudan is facing severe conflict and insecurity, a prolonged political crisis, and dire economic conditions. A peace agreement signed in August 2015 is falling apart, and fighting and violence during the past year has caused the number of South Sudanese refugees in Uganda to rise to 900,000 -- with a further 375,000 in Sudan and 287,000 in Ethiopia. Earlier this year, aid agencies declared a famine situation in several counties, and appealed for more humanitarian aid and improved access. Impacts Oil output is likely to remain at, or near, 130,000-160,000 barrels per day. Juba’s fiscal situation will remain precarious, with the government unable to secure loans from donors. Unrest and limited strikes over salary arrears could increase.

Bolivia's business elites have shifted to Morales

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Business Groups ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Business Elites ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Collaborative Working ◽  
The Government

Subject Government-business relations. Significance President Evo Morales’s government has established a collaborative working relationship with the country’s most powerful business elites that belies its leftist rhetoric. This is based on an understanding that while government offers large corporate interests favourable economic conditions, business groups will refrain from conspiring against the government in the political sphere. Thus, the government has managed to minimise the sort of pro-regional tensions that characterised its first term in office (2006-10), driving a wedge between economic and political elites. Impacts The economic policies pursued by the Morales administration will continue to prove, broadly, good for business. Smaller-scale businesses have been less beneficially treated, but lack political lobbying power. Avoidance of strife with the more powerful business groups will continue to help underpin political stability.

Food security in Cambodia: trends and policy objectives

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Culas ◽  
Kimsong Tek
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
National Level ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
The Government ◽  
Food Security Indicators ◽  
Security Indicators

Purpose The paper presents food and nutritional status and relevant policy objectives that can sustain food security in Cambodia. This paper aims to review Cambodia’s food security situation over a period. Design/methodology/approach The paper provides an approach for selecting food security indicators in relation to both inputs and outcomes by drawing on a conceptual framework. National level data for the food security indicators are analysed over a period to provide trends in food and nutritional status. Findings Cambodia has not experienced drastic food insecurity yet, as most people are farmers and their livelihoods dependent on agriculture. Agriculture has maintained food availability in the country; however, there is a proportion of the population living in remote areas unable to obtain sufficient, safe, nutritious food. Landlessness, internal migration, rapid population growth, lack of education and skills, limited access to natural resources and agricultural land, poor health and infrastructure leave the people with inadequate employment opportunities, low capabilities and low productivity which in turn bring deeper poverty. Therefore, people are insecure, excluded and vulnerable to food deprivation. Practical implications To tackle the food security challenges, the Government of Cambodia focuses on food-based social safety nets in the sectors of education, nutrition and productive assets/livelihoods support, to enable longer-term, nationally owned food security solutions. Originality/value The paper draws conclusions using a range of recently proposed food security indicators and offers a perspective for policy formulation which may be of interest to development scholars and practitioners.

A stakeholders’ perspective on barriers to adopt sustainable practices in MSME supply chain

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swayam Sampurna Panigrahi ◽  
Nune Srinivasa Rao
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Sustainable Supply Chain ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Government ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Hierarchy Process

Purpose Enterprises face the wrath of the government for taking part in environmental conservation and adoption of sustainable initiatives along with customer demands. Therefore, enterprises are forced to adopt sustainable supply chain practices (SSCPs), which leads to competitive advantage. Now, sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) is a management process that promotes the adoption of eco-friendly activities in conventional supply chains (SCs). Enterprises in India are under tremendous pressure to include SSCPs into their conventional SCs. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the barriers for the implementation of SSCPs into Indian Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Design/methodology/approach This study aims to identify critical barriers for adoption of SSCPs in the textile MSME SCs located in Eastern India, Odisha with the help of interpretive structural modeling (ISM). Findings The paper develops a framework for the evaluation of barriers to the adoption of SSCP in the textile SC. This paper also provides appropriate suggestive measures to deal with the barriers and overcome the same to attain a sustainable textile SC. Research limitations/implications Opportunities exist for extension of this research on wider geographical area. In addition to this, some other quantitative modeling approaches can be applied, like analytical hierarchy process, to prioritize the barriers. Practical implications The framework offers help to SC managers in their decision-making process by enabling them to analyze the barriers and ways to overcome them. Originality/value The paper deals with a particular geographical area where such kinds of studies are rare. The proposed framework provides a foundation for further research.

scholarly journals FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI STATUS GIZI BALITA DI PUSKESMAS NELAYAN KOTA CIREBON

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Muharry ◽  
Isti Kumalasari ◽  
Eka Rosmayanti Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstrakBalita merupakan kelompok usia yang memerlukan asupan gizi yang cukup baik karena pada masa ini terjadi proses pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang sangat pesat. Kekurangan gizi pada masa ini akan menyebabkan kegagalan pertumbuhan fisik dan perkembangan kecerdasan. Beberapa faktor yang terkait dengan status gizi balita yaitu kondisi sosial ekonomi, pendidikan ibu, jumlah anak dan pengetahuan ibu. Adapun prevalensi gizi kurang di wilayah kerja Puseksmas Nelayan lebih tinggi dari rata-rata prevalensi gizi kurang di Kota Cirebon yaitu sebesar 10,9%. Tujuan penelitian yaitu menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi status gizi balita usia 12-24 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi adalah balita usia 12-24 bulan. Sampel berjumlah 93 orang diambil dengan teknik  proportional random sampling. Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar kuesioner. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis univariabel, bivariabel dan multivariabel. Hasil analisis dengan chi square didapatkan variabel yang hubungan dengan status gizi balita yaitu pengetahuan ibu (p=0,003; OR=3,68) pendapatan keluarga (p=0,003; OR=3,702). Faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap status gizi balita yaitu keaktifan posyandu. Pengetahuan ibu yang kurang tentang gizi balita, pendapatan keluarga yang rendah dan keaktifan posyandu yang tidak aktif merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi status gizi balita usia 12-24 bulan. Ibu agar tetap aktif mebawa balita ke posyandu dan meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang gizi balita. Kata kunci: pengetahuan, pendapatan keluarga,  keaktifan posyandu, status gizi, balita AbstractToddlers are the age group that needs a good enough nutritional intake because there is a process of growth and development very rapidly. Malnutrition will lead to failure of physical growth and development of intelligence. Several factors related to the nutritional status of toddlers are socio-economic conditions, maternal education, number of children and mother's knowledge. The prevalence of less nutrition in the working area of Nelayan Public Health Centers is higher than the average prevalence of malnutrition in Cirebon City. The purpose of this research to analyze  factors that influence the nutritional status of toddlers. This research uses analytic design with cross sectional approach. The population is children aged 12-24 months. A sample of 93 people was taken with proportional random sampling technique. The research instrument is a questionnaire. Data were analized by univariable, bivariable and multivariable. The result showed that the correlation between nutrition status of toddler was maternal knowledge (p = 0,003; OR = 3,68), family income (p = 0,003; OR = 3,702). The most influential factor on the nutritional status of toddlers is the activeness of posyandu.  Mother to remain active to bring toddlers to posyandu and improve knowledge about child nutrition. Keywords: knowledge, family income, activeness of posyandu, nutritional status, toddler 

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