Voyager Inn International

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Sherwood C.. Frey ◽  
Dana R. Clyman
Keyword(s):  
Role Play ◽  
Ancillary Services ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Occupancy Rates ◽  
Tour Operator

Voyager Inn International (Bethesda) is negotiating a master contract with TourAmerica, an international tour operator, for hotel rooms during the 1995 tourist season. Issues under consideration include number of rooms during peak, mid-, and off-periods; room rates; breakfast prices; and the cost of ancillary services. The hotel manager is evaluated on the basis of several criteria, including adjusted daily rates, occupancy rates, and food and beverage profitability. To facilitate trade-offs among the various criteria, the manager articulates a utility scheme. This case is a role-play exercise, and must be used in conjunction with “TourAmerica” (UVA-QA-0464). Reporting forms for the evaluation of alternative contracts are provided with each case.

TourAmerica

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Sherwood C. Frey ◽  
Dana R. Clyman
Keyword(s):  
Role Play ◽  
Utility Functions ◽  
Ancillary Services ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Effective Cost ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Occupancy Rates ◽  
Contrast Measurement

TourAmerica is negotiating a master contract with Voyager Inn International (Bethesda) for hotel rooms during the 1995 tourist season. Issues under consideration include number of rooms during peak, mid-, and off-periods, room rates, breakfast prices, and the cost of ancillary services. While the hotel manager is evaluated on the basis of several criteria, including adjusted daily rates, occupancy rates, and food and beverage profitability, and is also provided with a utility scheme to facilitate trade-offs among the criteria, TourAmerica uses an effective cost per registrant (adjusted for intangibles). These two approaches provide an opportunity to contrast measurement schemes and to justify the use of utility functions. This case is a role-play exercise and must be used in conjunction with "Voyager Inn International" (UVA-QA-0463).

scholarly journals A framework for reducing the overhead of the quantum oracle for use with Grover’s algorithm with applications to cryptanalysis of SIKE

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-156
Author(s):  
Jean-François Biasse ◽  
Benjamin Pring
Keyword(s):  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Circuit Complexity ◽  
Quantum Circuit ◽  
Grover’S Algorithm ◽  
Search Problems ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Single Target ◽  
Grover's Algorithm ◽  
Quantum Oracle ◽  
The Cost

AbstractIn this paper we provide a framework for applying classical search and preprocessing to quantum oracles for use with Grover’s quantum search algorithm in order to lower the quantum circuit-complexity of Grover’s algorithm for single-target search problems. This has the effect (for certain problems) of reducing a portion of the polynomial overhead contributed by the implementation cost of quantum oracles and can be used to provide either strict improvements or advantageous trade-offs in circuit-complexity. Our results indicate that it is possible for quantum oracles for certain single-target preimage search problems to reduce the quantum circuit-size from $O\left(2^{n/2}\cdot mC\right)$ (where C originates from the cost of implementing the quantum oracle) to $O(2^{n/2} \cdot m\sqrt{C})$ without the use of quantum ram, whilst also slightly reducing the number of required qubits.This framework captures a previous optimisation of Grover’s algorithm using preprocessing [21] applied to cryptanalysis, providing new asymptotic analysis. We additionally provide insights and asymptotic improvements on recent cryptanalysis [16] of SIKE [14] via Grover’s algorithm, demonstrating that the speedup applies to this attack and impacting upon quantum security estimates [16] incorporated into the SIKE specification [14].

scholarly journals Wideband Rectangular Foldable and Non-foldable Antenna for Internet of Things Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve W. Y. Mung ◽  
Cheuk Yin Cheung ◽  
Ka Ming Wu ◽  
Joseph S. M. Yuen
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Multiple Frequency ◽  
Wireless Applications ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The Cost

This article presents a simple wideband rectangular antenna in foldable and non-foldable (printed circuit board (PCB)) structures for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Both are simple structures with two similar rectangular metal planes which cover multiple frequency bands such as GPS, WCDMA/LTE, and 2.4 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) bands. This wideband antenna is suitable to integrate into the short- and long-range wireless applications such as the short-range 2.4 GHz ISM band and standard cellular bands. This lowers the overall size of the product as well as the cost in the applications. In this article, the configuration and operation principle are presented as well as its trade-offs on the design parameters. Simulated and experimental results of foldable and non-foldable (PCB) structures show that the antenna is suited for IoT applications.

Demographic life history traits of reproductive natterjack toads (Bufo calamita) vary between northern and southern latitudes

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delfi Sanuy ◽  
Christoph Leskovar ◽  
Neus Oromi ◽  
Ulrich Sinsch
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Large Female ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Female Size ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Bufo Calamita ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Age Variation ◽  
The Cost

AbstractDemographic life history traits were investigated in three Bufo calamita populations in Germany (Rhineland-Palatinate: Urmitz, 50°N; 1998-2000) and Spain (Catalonia: Balaguer, Mas de Melons, 41°N; 2004). We used skeletochronology to estimate the age as number of lines of arrested growth in breeding adults collected during the spring breeding period (all localities) and during the summer breeding period (only Urmitz). A data set including the variables sex, age and size of 185 males and of 87 females was analyzed with respect to seven life history traits (age and size at maturity of the youngest first breeders, age variation in first breeders, longevity, potential reproductive lifespan, median lifespan, age-size relationship). Spring and summer cohorts at the German locality differed with respect to longevity and potential reproductive lifespan by one year in favour of the early breeders. The potential consequences on fitness and stability of cohorts are discussed. Latitudinal variation of life history traits was mainly limited to female natterjacks in which along a south-north gradient longevity and potential reproductive lifespan increased while size decreased. These results and a review of published information on natterjack demography suggest that lifetime number of offspring seem to be optimized by locally different trade-offs: large female size at the cost of longevity in southern populations and increased longevity at the cost of size in northern ones.

Sustainable Distribution Design: Contrasting Disposable, Recyclable, and Reusable Strategies for Packaging Materials Using a Total Cost Analysis With an Illustration of Milk Distribution

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Satya Kanaka Nagendra Jayanty ◽  
William J. Sawaya ◽  
Michael D. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Specific Product ◽  
Cost Structures ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Total Cost Analysis ◽  
Plastic Containers

Engineers, policy makers, and managers have shown increasing interest in increasing the sustainability of products over their complete lifecycles and also from the ‘cradle to grave’ or from production to the disposal of each specific product. However, a significant amount of material is disposed of in landfills rather than being reused in some form. A sizeable proportion of the products being dumped in landfills consist of packaging materials for consumable products. Technological advances in plastics, packaging, cleaning, logistics, and new environmental awareness and understanding may have altered the cost structures surrounding the lifecycle use and disposal costs of many materials and products resulting in different cost-benefit trade-offs. An explicit and well-informed economic analysis of reusing certain containers might change current practices and results in significantly less waste disposal in landfills and in less consumption of resources for manufacturing packaging materials. This work presents a method for calculating the costs associated with a complete process of implementing a system to reuse plastic containers for food products. Specifically, the different relative costs of using a container and then either disposing of it in a landfill, recycling the material, or reconditioning the container for reuse and then reusing it are compared explicitly. Specific numbers and values are calculated for the case of plastic milk bottles to demonstrate the complicated interactions and the feasibility of such a strategy.

scholarly journals THE RESILIENCE OF WOMEN TOURISM WORKERS DURING THE Covid-19 PANDEMIC IN BALI

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 372
Author(s):  
Ni Made Ary Widiastini ◽  
Siti Annisa Silvia Rosa ◽  
Roni Ekha Putera ◽  
Gabriella Susilowati ◽  
Totok Hari Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Good Practice ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Hotel Employees ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Hotel Workers ◽  
Occupancy Rates ◽  
Job Termination

This study aims to determine the form of resilience of women tourism workers affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data sources are primary data from interviews with various parties, including hotel owners, hotel associations and hotel employees, while secondary data sources are documentation data. Data analysis was performed using an interactive model. The spread of the corona virus globally has affected various lines of community life, including in Bali. Hotels are the tourist facilities in Bali that are most affected. The decline in tourist visits, causing hotel occupancy rates to experience a drastic drop which resulted in layoffs. The finding of this research is that job termination for female employees occurs in almost every hotel in Bali. However, the termination of employment was responded creatively. In an effort to maintain a life for themselves and their families, women who are affected by hotel employees, especially those who have worked in the food and beverage division, react by adjusting to the conditions that occur. They make various types of food that are sold online using WhatsApp, I.G. and F.B. social media. The attitude of women who are former hotel workers in the food and beverage division in Bali towards termination of employment shows that creativity is driven by the spirit of survival as a modality that needs to be supported and worthy of being a good practice as well as a model on develop women’s capacities during pandemic Covid-19 and new normal.

scholarly journals Travel Preferences of Millennials in a Highly Urbanized City in the Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-20
Author(s):  
Candy B. Ruña ◽  
Angelus C. Diamante
Keyword(s):  
Generation Y ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Ancillary Services ◽  
Travel And Tourism ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Travel Motivations ◽  
Search For Information ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Travel preferences are activities and places that people would like to do and go to.  Millennials, who are also referred to as Generation Y, greatly impact the travel and tourism industry as they reach their peak earning years and spending power.  They travel more frequently, explore more destinations, and constantly search for information and new sensations.  Nowadays, they are active travelers who are starting to build travel motivations and influence their opinions and behavior.  To tap this market, it is important for tourism stakeholders to understand millennials and their travel preferences.  Hence, this paper describes the degree of travel preferences of millennials of a highly urbanized city in the Philippines in terms of attractions, type of accommodation, transportation, food and beverage, ancillary services, and travel budget.  Likewise, it explores the relationship between demographics and travel preferences.  It also determines millennials’ travel purpose, preferred destinations, travel lifestyle, and other factors that influence their travel.

scholarly journals perekonomian indonesa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pricyllia
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Internal Conflicts ◽  
Beverage Industry ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Food And Beverage Industry ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
The Cost

The 1930s was the heyday of the Indonesian sugarindustry that is capable of exporting to manycountries and has become the country an exporterof sugar to two after Cuba, but the situation isreversed since 1967 in which Indonesia wouldimport sugar from Brazil, India, and Thailand inorder to meet the needs raw material consumptionand food and beverage industry. The resultsshowed that the cost of sugar production isvery uneconomical because of inefficiency thatstretches from the cultivation to processing inthe factory so difficult to obtain profit margins.Target and beyond sugar self-sufficiency can notbe achieved because highly regulated, there is nosynergy and tends to conflicts of interests amongministries or agencies, and internal conflicts oftenoccur between the sugar mill and the disharmonybetween sugarcane farmers by the sugar millofficials.In the competition of the sugar industry aremore stringent, in the era of the Asean EconomicCommunity, it means the level of efficiency of sugarfactories in the country need special attention,the same thing also applies to industrial users ofsugar, and sugar as a raw material componentscontribute to the creation of products food andbeverage efficient so as to compete with similarproducts from other countries. Observing howthe intense competition in the Asean EconomicCommunity is based on free trade, the yield ofsugar that’s a cost efficient production is veryimportant and urgent at this time, including workto improve the welfare of farmers.

scholarly journals METHODOLOGY FOR FORMING AND IMPLEMENTING A TOUR AND DETERMINING ITS ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetiana Krasnoded ◽  
Tetiana Bakina ◽  
Olena Zakharchenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Operator Activity ◽  
Tour Operator

The relevance of the study of issues in the context of tour operator activity is determined. Important issues of formation and promotion of the tour as the main component of tourist products are considered. A tour project is presented and an algorithm for creating a tourist product for several days for a specific tourist destination is demonstrated. The mechanism for determining the cost of a tour is revealed, which includes the cost of accommodation, meals, travel, excursion services and entertainment, support, insurance and other additional services provided to consumer tourists within the framework of a tourist project. At the same time, a mechanism for calculating individual elements of the tour price is presented. The method of calculating the company's profit and economic efficiency from the sale of the tour is revealed. General marketing directions in tourism are also proposed, which can be used to determine the preferences of tourists, present and promote almost all tourist products.

Association of Ownership and System Affiliation with the Financial Performance of Rehabilitation Hospitals

1997 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. McCue ◽  
J. M. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Ancillary Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Rehabilitation Hospitals ◽  
Inpatient Basis

This study used a cross-sectional design in which regression models were used to test the association of ownership and system affiliation of private rehabilitation hospitals with profit, revenue and expense measures. The study also examined the association of ownership and system affiliation with other choice variables. The study found that new for-profit rehabilitation hospitals had higher revenues and expenses than older non-profit rehabilitation hospitals. In addition, new for-profit hospitals charged more for their ancillary services and treated more of their patients on an inpatient basis. Study findings show higher revenues and expenses per adjusted discharge for new for-profit facilities. Given the cost-based system of reimbursement for Medicare, there appears to be a strong incentive for new for-profits to maximize costs.

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