Investigation on bending and shear rigidities of plain woven fabrics having similar areal density

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-414
Author(s):  
Md Samsu Alam ◽  
Abhijit Majumdar ◽  
Anindya Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Strong Association ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Areal Density ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Shear Rigidity ◽  
Bending Rigidity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Low Stress Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fabric Shear ◽  
Made In

Purpose Bending and shear rigidities of woven fabrics depend on fibre, yarn and fabric-related parameters. However, there is lack of research efforts to understand how bending and shear rigidities change in woven fabrics having similar areal density. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the change in bending and shear rigidities in plain woven fabrics having similar areal density. Design/methodology/approach A total of 18 fabrics were woven (9 each for 100 per cent cotton and 100 per cent polyester) keeping the areal density same. Yarns of 20, 30 and 40 Ne were used in warp and weft wise directions and fabric sett was adjusted to attain the desired areal density. Findings When warp yarns become finer, keeping weft yarns same, bending rigidity remains unchanged but shear rigidity increases in warp wise direction. When weft yarns are made finer, keeping the warp yarns same, both the bending and shear rigidities of fabric increase in warp wise direction. Similar results for fabric bending and shear rigidities were obtained in transpose direction. There is a strong association between fabric shear rigidity and number of interlacement points per unit area of fabric even when fabric areal density is same. Originality/value Very limited research has been reported on the low-stress mechanical properties of woven fabrics having similar areal density. A novel attempt has been made in this research work to investigate the bending and shear rigidities of woven fabrics having similar areal density. Besides, it has been shown that it is possible to design a set of woven fabrics having similar bending rigidity but different shear rigidity.

Prediction of Certain Low Stress Mechanical Properties of Knitted Fabrics from Their Structural Parameters

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 155892501501000
Author(s):  
R. Varadaraju ◽  
J. Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Tensile Elongation ◽  
Shear Rigidity ◽  
Bending Rigidity ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Spun Yarn ◽  
Ring Spun Yarn ◽  
Low Stress Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fabric Shear

Knitted fabrics are preferred as clothing materials because of of their outstanding comfort quality. 16 plain knitted fabric samples were produced from 4 combed ring spun yarn of linear densities 29.5 Tex, 23.6, Tex 19.7 Tex and 17.4 Tex and 4 different stitch lengths from each yarn linear density were selected for this study. The fabric samples were relaxed and then tested for tensile shear and bending properties using Kawabata tester's. KES- FB1and KES- FB2. The effect of various fabric structural parameters on fabric low stress mechanical properties was studied. The fabric shear rigidity, bending rigidity, shear hysteresis, bending hysteresis, and tensile linearity were positively correlated with the fabric GSM, thickness, and tightness factor and negatively correlated with fabric linear Stitch modulus, areal stitch modulus, volume stitch modulus, and porosity. The fabric tensile elongation was positively correlated with the fabric linear stitch modulus, areal stitch modulus, volume Stitch modulus, and porosity and negatively correlated with the fabric GSM, thickness, and fabric tightness factor. The above properties were higher in course direction than in wale direction. Separate prediction equations were developed for fabric low stress mechanical properties from Tightness factor, Volume Stitch modulus, and Porosity

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SPANDEX DENIER OF WEFT CORE SPUN YARN ON PROPERTIES OF FINISHED STRETCH WOVEN FABRIC

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Sunny Pannu ◽  
Meenakshi Ahirwar ◽  
Rishi Jamdigni ◽  
B. K. Behera
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
The Core ◽  
Spun Yarn ◽  
Spun Yarns ◽  
Recovery Percentage ◽  
Shape Retention ◽  
Dual Core ◽  
Made In

The woven fabrics containing cotton/spandex core spun yarns possesses very vital properties of stretch, recovery and thus shape retention from the view point of wearing comfort and garment appearance. Spandex present in the core of core spun yarn is the most essential performer behind these properties. An attempt is made in this research work to study the influence of changing spandex denier in core spun yarn on the stretch and functional properties of stretch woven fabrics. The sole objective of this study is to find out whether different stretch, shrinkage and physical properties of stretch woven fabrics depend upon changing spandex percentage achieved by means of change in spandex filament denier. It was observed that by increasing denier of spandex in core spun weft yarns the increase in weft shrinkage diminishes. Dual core weft with spandex provides good elongation percentage and recovery percentage. The fabric with higher denier spandex in yarn shows a decreasing total hand values trend for summer and winter. The results depicts that the fabrics have higher THV for winter suiting fabrics as compared to summer suiting thus are more suitable for the winter wear.

Studying the effect of reinforcement parameters on the mechanical properties of natural fibre-woven composites by Taguchi method

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senthil Kumar ◽  
S Balachander
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Areal Density ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Composites ◽  
Textile Composite

Process optimization is the key task of any engineering application to maximize the desirable output by optimizing the range of process parameters. In this research work, jute composites were fabricated by the hand lay-up method with the aim of optimizing the process parameter such as yarn linear density, fabric areal density and fabric laying angle on the mechanical properties of the textile composite structures using the Taguchi L9 orthogonal matrix. The plain-woven and twill-woven fabrics of Jute fabrics were produced through specialized handloom machine and used as preform for composite production. Epoxy resin was used as the matrix component. Signal-to-noise ratio ratio, analysis of variance and experimental verification of results were analysed. The results showed that fabric laying angle played major role to achieve high mechanical properties of composites and twill-woven structural reinforcement yields higher mechanical properties. Subsequent to this optimal process, parameters have been arrived for all the composites, and finally it was verified through the experimental results.

Multi-objective optimization of parametric combination of injected slub yarn for producing knitted and woven fabrics with least abrasive damage

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunangshu Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Vinay Kumar Midha ◽  
Nemai Chandra Ray
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Score Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Slub Yarn

Purpose This study aims to optimize the parametric combination of injected slub yarn to achieve least abrasive damage on fabrics produced from it. Design/methodology/approach Single base injected slub yarn structural parameters, vis-à-vis slub length, slub thickness and slub frequency, were varied during preparation of yarn samples under this research work. A total of 17 yarn samples were produced according to the Box and Bhenken design of the experiment. Subsequently knitted and woven (using injected slub yarns in the weft only) fabric samples were prepared from these yarns. Yarn and fabric samples were abraded with standard instruments to see the impact of yarn structural parameters on abrasive damage of fabric in terms of fabric mass loss and appearance deterioration. From the test results, empirical models relating to slub parameters and fabric abrasion behavior were developed through a backward elimination regression approach. Subsequently, a set of optimal parametric combinations was derived with multi-objective evolutionary algorithms by using MATLAB software. This was followed by ranking all optimal solutions through technique for order preference by similarity to idle solution (TOPSIS) score analysis. Findings The injected slub yarn’s structural parameters have a strong influence on the abrasive damage of knitted and woven fabric. It is seen that the best suitable parametric combination of slub parameters for achieving the least abrasive damage is not the same for knitted and woven fabric. Practical implications The spinner can explore this concept to find out the best suitable parametric combination during pattern making of injected slub yarn through MATLAB solution followed by TOPSIS score analysis based on their priority of criteria level to ensure better abrasion behavior of fabric produced. Originality/value Optimization of parametric combination of injected slub yarns will help to ensure production of fabric with most resistance to abrasion for specific applications. The studies showed that the optimal solution for woven and knitted fabrics is different. The result indicates that in the case of knitted fabric, comparatively lesser slub thickness is found to be suitable for getting better fabric abrasion resistance, whereas in the case of woven fabric, comparatively higher slub thickness is found suitable for the same.

Dynamic drape behaviours of wool woven suiting fabrics considering real-time use

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonca Balci Kilic ◽  
Murat Demir ◽  
Musa Kilic
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Bending Rigidity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
Time Usage

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse dynamic drape behaviours of 100% wool woven suiting fabrics considering real-time usage.Design/methodology/approachDynamic drape coefficients of 100% wool woven fabrics were measured at different rotation speeds (25, 75, 125 and 175 rpm) with a commercially used fabric drape tester which works on image processing principle. Average daily walking speed of male and female volunteers was determined and the closest rotation speed was selected to calculate dynamic drape coefficient at walking (DDCw). Besides, bending rigidity and shear deformation properties, which are known to be related to the static drape behaviours of the fabrics, were also measured and the relationships between these parameters and DDCw were examined.FindingsAs a result of the experimental study, it was found that dynamic drape coefficients become greater, which means the fabrics take flatter position, with the increase of the rotation speed. In addition, it was also seen that parameters known to be related to static drape behaviours such as unit weight and bending stiffness have less effect on the dynamic drapes of fabrics. For the estimation of dynamic drape behaviour of fabrics, parameters such as static perimeter, dynamic perimeter, etc. are found more significant.Originality/valueTo date, although studies about dynamic drape behaviours of the fabrics claimed that dynamic drape gives more realistic results for in wearer experience, few of them focused on the rotation speed of dynamic drape tester for real-time usage. As dynamic drape behaviours of fabrics may differ for different rotation speed, determining appropriate speed in accordance with real-time usage gives more realistic results.

Investigation of stretch on air permeability of knitted fabric part I: effect of spinning system

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 754-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar K.V. ◽  
Sampath V.R. ◽  
Prakash C.
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Core ◽  
Ring Yarn ◽  
Spun Yarn ◽  
Ring Spun Yarn ◽  
Made In

Purpose Air permeability of knitted fabrics is normally measured for the samples in their unstretched state. But, this air permeability values indicate the ability of these garments to allow air through them when they are not in use. But, the real-time condition is different and certainly the knitted garments mentioned above will subject to a degree of stretch during their usage. So, the measurement of air permeability under stretch and the fabric properties which would influence the air permeability of weft-knitted fabrics in their stretched state is of paramount importance. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The aim of this research work is to investigate the change in air permeability values under the incremental extension of cotton tubular weft-knitted fabrics produced from the yarns of different spinning systems. Findings From the results, it is evident that the pique fabric samples of compact spun yarn displayed the highest air permeability values during the incremental stretch at all the three relaxation states. It is followed by the pique samples of ring spun yarn. Next to pique samples, the jersey samples made from the compact yarn and ring spun yarn revealed more air permeability, respectively. The core spun pique samples and core spun jersey samples displayed the least air permeability values, respectively. But, the pique and jersey samples made up of ring yarn and compact yarn showed gradual reduction in their air permeability towards the incremental stretch and the core spun pique samples and core spun jersey samples were uniformly seen with gradual increase in their air permeability during the incremental stretch. Originality/value Very limited quantity of research has been carried out in this area. So, a novel attempt has been made in this research work to investigate the influence of incremental stretch on air permeability of single knit structures.

Electrochemical DNA biosensors: a review

Sensor Review ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bushra Rafique ◽  
Mudassir Iqbal ◽  
Tahir Mehmood ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf Shaheen
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Dna Biosensors ◽  
Nanoscale Material ◽  
Sequence Detection ◽  
Solid Electrode ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dna Sequence Detection ◽  
And Function ◽  
Made In

Purpose This review aims to focus on recent reported research work on the construction and function of different electrochemical DNA biosensors. It also describes different sensing materials, chemistries of immobilization probes, conditions of hybridization and principles of transducing and amplification strategies. Design/methodology/approach The human disease-related mutated genes or DNA sequence detection at low cost can be verified by the electrochemical-based biosensor. A range of different chemistries is used by the DNA-based electrochemical biosensors, out of which the interactions of nanoscale material with recognition layer and a solid electrode surface are most interesting. A diversity of advancements has been made in the field of electrochemical detection. Findings Some important aspects are also highlighted in this review, which can contribute in the creation of successful biosensing devices in the future. Originality/value This paper provides an updated review of construction and sensing technologies in the field of biosensing.

Analysis and improvement of tactile comfort and low-stress mechanical properties of denim fabrics

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 4842-4857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazli Uren ◽  
Ayse Okur
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Shear Rigidity ◽  
Important Criterion ◽  
Bending Rigidity ◽  
Blend Ratio ◽  
Low Stress Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sensory Tests ◽  
Stone Washing

Despite the fact that the tactile comfort of a garment is an important criterion that determines consumers' preferences and has been investigated for almost a century by many researchers, the number of studies regarding tactile comfort of denim fabrics is limited. The aim of this study is to propose suggestions to enhance the tactile comfort of denim fabrics and investigate their efficiency in terms of low-stress mechanical properties and sensory evaluation results. For this purpose, the compressibility, extension ability, bending rigidity and shear rigidity of 51 denim fabrics were experimentally determined. Meanwhile, stiffness–softness, roughness–smoothness and tactile comfort scores were evaluated by consumers and specialists via sensory tests. The effects of the raw material, blend ratio, weaving parameters and washing processes were statistically investigated. Low-stress mechanical properties, particularly biaxial and multiaxial ones, were found to be highly related to the perceived tactile comfort. Statistical investigations highlighted that stone washing is the most effective method to improve the tactile comfort. Nonetheless, the effect of enzyme washing was relatively small. It was observed that the suggested weaving parameters provide a significant improvement in fabric properties. Increasing the ratio of viscose content in polyester/viscose blend weft yarns was quite effective as well.

The effect of plasma treatment and tightness factor on the low-stress mechanical properties of single jersey knitted wool fabrics

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 499-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Shaikhzadeh Najar ◽  
Xungai Wang ◽  
Maryam Naebe
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Surface Friction ◽  
P Value ◽  
Shear Rigidity ◽  
Bending Rigidity ◽  
Wool Fabrics ◽  
Low Stress Mechanical Properties

The effects of atmospheric pressure plasma treatment and the tightness factor on the low-stress mechanical properties of weft-knitted wool fabrics were evaluated using the Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabric (KES-F). The statistical analysis showed that the plasma treatment and the tightness factor had significant effects on the fabric low-stress mechanical properties ( p-value < 0.05). Plasma-treated fabrics showed significantly higher bending and shear rigidity and hysteresis, compression energy, thickness, compressibility, surface friction and lower compression resilience and geometrical roughness values compared with untreated fabrics. An increase in the fabric tightness factor significantly increased fabric thickness, bending and shear rigidity and hysteresis, and decreased tensile extensibility and geometrical roughness. The relationship between primary handle attributes evaluated by Wool HandleMeter and KES-F mechanical properties was also investigated. The results confirmed a highly linear correlation between these two sets of data, where rough/smooth and hard/soft attributes evaluated by the Wool HandleMeter had the highest correlation with bending rigidity, shear properties and bending hysteresis, as measured by the KES-F.

Influence of structure and finishing of woven fabrics on their formability

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-459
Author(s):  
Iwona Frydrych ◽  
Małgorzata Matusiak
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Bending Rigidity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Given

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the formability of cotton and cotton/polyester woven fabrics and their selected properties: weft density, weave and a way of finishing. It shows how the mentioned properties influence fabric formability and analyze a statistical significance of investigated relationships. Design/methodology/approach – In paper two groups of cotton and cotton/polyester woven fabrics of different structure and a way of finishing have been measured in the range of their basic structural properties as well as bending rigidity and initial Young’s modulus. Formability of investigated fabrics has been calculated on the basis of bending rigidity and initial Young’s modulus. Next, ANOVA has been performed in order to analyze the relationships between the weft density, weave and a way of finishing of woven fabrics and their formability. Findings – The paper shows that all selected properties of woven fabrics significantly influence their formability as well as that there is statistically significant interaction between mentioned independent factors. It provides empirical results confirming that the influence of raw material composition of investigated cotton and cotton/polyester woven fabrics on the formability of fabrics is statistically insignificant. Research limitations/implications – Results of investigations can be applied for cotton and cotton-like woven fabrics. Practical implications – The paper includes implications for woven fabric engineering from the point of view of achieving the expected fabric formability. Social implications – The results enables the choice of appropriate fabric for the given clothing. Originality/value – This paper fulfills an identified need to study how the formability of woven fabrics can be shaped by an appropriate selection of their structure and a way of finishing.

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