The exclusion of migrants and refugees from welfare programs in Austria: the “legitimizing explanations” across different policy areas

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Landini
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Theoretical Argument ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Parliamentary Debates ◽  
Welfare Benefits ◽  
Different Types

PurposeThe present article deals with the topic of migrants’ exclusion from welfare benefits in European host countries from the angle of the research on the so-called “welfare chauvinism” (Andersen and Bjørklund 1990, p. 212). More specifically, it explores the political justifications behind welfare chauvinism in the policy debate surrounding some recent chauvinist-oriented social policies. Drawing on that, the article develops a theoretical argument to generate expectations about how politicians use different types of justifications. The fundamental proposition is that the chauvinistic arguments used are shaped by the different types of social programs, i.e. either universal or means-tested programs.Design/methodology/approachQualitative content analysis of several selected parliamentary debates in the period 2017–2019 in Austria is carried out. In order to improve the efficiency of the research, the author relies on MAXQDA, an advanced piece of software for qualitative data analysis, to code the qualitative data and analyze them. The author prefers this to other similar programs as it is considered a valid and reliable tool within the academic research world.FindingsThe article points out that programs design works as an explanatory factor to highlight variations of welfare chauvinist arguments.Originality/valueIt develops for the first time a theoretical argument explaining the presence and variation of welfare chauvinist arguments based on social programs design.

scholarly journals Economic moralities in self-organised alternative economies: the Finnish cases of ridesharing and timebanking

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teppo Eskelinen ◽  
Juhana Venäläinen
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Research Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Diverse Economies ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Alternative Economies

PurposeThis paper explores economic moralities in self-organised alternative economies and argues that the diverse economies approach is particularly useful in elaborating the self-understandings of such economic communities. The analysis focuses on two types of alternative economies in Finland: ridesharing and timebanking.Design/methodology/approachThrough qualitative data, the paper looks into moments of negotiation where economic moralities of self-organised alternative economies are explicitly debated. The main research data consists of social media conversations, supplemented by a member survey for the participants of the studied timebank. The data are analysed through theory-guided qualitative content analysis.FindingsThe analysis shows that the moments of negotiation within alternative economies should not be understood as simple collisions of mutually exclusive ideas, but rather as complex processes of balancing between overlapping and partly incommensurable economic moralities. While self-organised alternative economies might appear as functionally uniform at the level of their everyday operations, they still provide considerable leeway for different conceptions of the underlying normative commitments.Originality/valueTo date, there is little qualitative research on how the participants of self-organised alternative economies reflect the purpose and ethics of these practices. This study contributes to the body of diverse economies research by analysing novel case studies in the Finnish context. Through empirical analysis, this paper also provides a theoretical framework of how the different economic moralities in self-organised alternative economies can be mapped.

Borders of “the boundaryless career”

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Sommerlund ◽  
Sami Boutaiba
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Theoretical Argument ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Personal Freedom ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Boundaryless Career ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThe paper aims to examine the notion of the boundaryless career, arguing that the notion is problematic, and that simultaneous co‐existence of different types of careers makes both “new” and “old” types of careers possible.Design/methodology/approachThe approach is twofold: a theoretical argument, and a qualitative ethnographic study, involving observations and interviews.FindingsThe theoretical argument questions the underlying premise and promise of the notion of the boundaryless career, namely that modern careers amount to a higher level of personal freedom. This empirical study will serve to illustrate the co‐constitutive nature of different career stories.Research limitations/implicationsThe research is qualitative and thereby limited in the following way: it serves to give a deep understanding of the phenomena at hand, but is not easily generalizable. However, the methodology can inspire scholars to explore the findings observed in this paper.Practical implicationsThe idealization of the boundaryless career is problematic, as it poses problems to those concerned with the career. A more flexible ideal of careers would be preferable to researchers and organisational actors alike.Originality/valueThe paper gives a practical and empirical input to a debate that has been largely conceptual or generalized.

Social entrepreneurship in Nigeria through drivers of religion and work-desire

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thea van der Westhuizen ◽  
Yemisi Adelakun
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Analysis Programme

Purpose Entrepreneurs engaging in social entrepreneurship are inspired by a need to make a difference in their local socio-economic circumstances. In developing countries and emerging economies, social entrepreneurs from deep rural areas are tapping into different types of ways to inspire themselves to sustain actions. Little research has been done to investigate the role religion plays as a source of inspiration to rural entrepreneurs in developing countries. Many scholars from economic sciences reject the probability of linking religion to social entrepreneurship. The purpose of this study is to investigate themes as inspired by religious paradigm aspects of desire, disenchantment, epiphany, bridging and enlightenment. A framework was created for social entrepreneurship development by using religious drivers as premise. Design/methodology/approach In a partially inductive, exploratory design, this study examined the objectives through a qualitative approach. ATLAS.ti, a qualitative data analysis programme, was used for thematic analysis. Findings The key finding was that in this specific rural demographic area, social entrepreneurs often express a common motivation as an aspiration to integrate their religious beliefs and work. Originality/value Investigating a specific demographic sample in a deep rural area in Nigeria provided valuable insights into the community’s way of living by incorporating aspects of religious drivers to develop social entrepreneurship. It was also valuable to discover that the sample views qualities such as hard work, independence and thrift as drivers to strengthen their religious belief and in return boost social entrepreneurship.

scholarly journals The practice of talent management: a framework and typology

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1523-1551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pernilla Bolander ◽  
Andreas Werr ◽  
Kajsa Asplund
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Talent Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organizational Settings ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the development of a deeper understanding of the conceptual and empirical boundaries of talent management (TM) so that scholars and practitioners may enhance their knowledge of what TM actually is and how it is carried out. Design/methodology/approach A comparative study was conducted of the TM practices of 30 organizations based in Sweden. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 56 organizational representatives. The transcribed interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Findings The findings comprise a typology consisting of four distinct TM types that exist in practice: a humanistic type, a competitive type, an elitist type and an entrepreneurial type. Descriptions are provided that probe into how specific practices are differently shaped in the different types. Research limitations/implications The study design enabled the generation of an empirically rich understanding of different TM types; however, it limited the authors’ ability to draw systematic conclusions on the realized outcomes of different types of TM. Practical implications The descriptions of different TM types give practitioners insight into how TM may be practiced in different ways and point to important decisions to be made when designing TM. Originality/value The paper addresses two main shortcomings identified in the academic literature on TM: conceptual ambiguity and the paucity of in-depth empirical research on how TM is carried out in actual organizational settings. The empirically derived typology constitutes an important step for further theory development in TM.

Understanding artificial intelligence: insights on China

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Veglianti ◽  
Yaya Li ◽  
Elisabetta Magnaghi ◽  
Marco De Marco
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ecological Constraints ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Broad Level

Purpose The high frequency of disruption and dislocation of many industries, the migration to low-cost countries of different assets and activities, the increase in systemic risk, the birth of social and ecological constraints, as well as the new worldwide competitors require businesses and the overall society to change. In a so-called Industry 4.0. era, understanding the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) in developed as well as in underdeveloped economies has become increasingly crucial. The purpose of this study is to shed the light on the peculiarities of Chinese AI assessing the state of art of AI in this unique and valuable context. Design/methodology/approach Through a research based on a qualitative data analysis, the present paper suggests a new way to analyse AI and to support a better understanding of the local Chinese aspects influencing its development and implementation. Findings The development and implementation of AI in China required tailor solutions which account for the following three main dimensions: the location (i.e. territorial extension, the administrative boundaries); the government approach; and the human capital. Originality/value The analysis presents a broad level activity. In addition, the paper focused on Chinese scientific literature and different types of data (i.e. institutional documents, professional reports, websites and speeches in Chinese). The paper used a multi-faceted approach, including also the tacit knowledge of the authors about the context under investigation.

Time had but effaced his image when the show began

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Frits van Engeldorp Gastelaars
Keyword(s):  
Social Research ◽  
Academic Career ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Critical Event ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Academic School

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to outline the background and the plot of the academic career of Slawomir Magala, particularly from the point of view represented by the author who had co-created significant international conference on critical theory and the sciences of management which triggered off the critical management studies in the British and subsequently global academic research networks. Design/methodology/approach – The content of the research is based on a mixture of a historical account of a conference on the Frankfurt school of social research, observations and participatory observations, qualitative content analysis and a bibliographical case study. Findings – The long-term effects of an international networking event are hard to predict and almost never respect the academic borders and gate keepers. Research limitations/implications – This paper is a very personal point of view. Practical implications – This paper is a case study of academic school emergence. Social implications – This paper is a case study of social and political relevance of managerial research. Originality/value – The unique selling point of this paper is that it is based on a critical event in uncritical sciences.

scholarly journals What is architectural management? Towards a pragmatic definition

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Alharbi ◽  
Stephen Emmitt ◽  
Peter Demian
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Common Understanding

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a pragmatic definition of architectural management (AM) derived from systematic research. Design/methodology/approach – A triangulated approach to data collection was employed, comprising a number of sequential stages. First, a literature review was carried out to analyse the previous attempts to define the term. Then, a preliminary survey was conducted (online questionnaire) to capture the current interpretations of the term. After that, a new definition was formulated based on analysing and synthesising the collected data. The fourth stage was focused on examining the consistency of the new definition through the perspectives of architectural researchers and practitioners. The final stage was refining the definition based on the feedback. Findings – After following a pragmatic approach for constructing a new definition of AM; and based on the results of the several testing stages, it was found that AM is associated with the strategic management of the architectural office and its individual projects; and it is responsible for value design and delivery for its adopter and for the different types of stakeholders. Research limitations/implications – Although there was some quantitative testing in addition to the qualitative data the response rate was low in terms of the population of UK architectural practices. Originality/value – The outcome is the first definition of AM grounded in research. The research is unique in terms of reviewing the scope and limitations of the previous definitions of AM. Based on the research findings, the new definition of AM was found to offer an accepted description of AM that can be used by both researchers, educators and practising architects. The definition provides a common understanding (vocabulary) for those working in the area of AM.

Between welfare state and (state-organised) charity

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 205-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerem Gabriel Öktem ◽  
Cansu Erdogan
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Social Cooperation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Minimum Income ◽  
Parliamentary Debates ◽  
Social Pension ◽  
The Social

PurposeOver the last four decades, Turkey has built an elaborate social assistance regime, which provides extensive coverage of the poor but lacks some of the key characteristics of European minimum income protection systems. The purpose of this paper is to explore what ideational roots underlie the regime and how these ideas and paradigms historically shaped the structure of the regime. The paper focuses on two central social assistance legislations: the social pensions law of 1976 and the Law that established the Fund for the Encouragement of Social Cooperation and Solidarity in 1986.Design/methodology/approachBased on a discursive institutionalist approach, the paper combines a qualitative content analysis of parliamentary debates and official reports with a policy analysis of social assistance legislations in Turkey.FindingsThe paper shows that two competing policy paradigms shaped the ambivalent structure and design of Turkey social assistance regime: a welfare state paradigm and a state-organised charity paradigm. The welfare state paradigm, which perceives social assistance as a social right, was dominant in the 1970s and is embodied in the social pension programme. The state-organised charity paradigm, which aims to reinvigorate the Islamic tradition of charitable foundations (waqf), was dominant in the 1980s and is embodied in the Fund for the Encouragement of Social Cooperation and Solidarity. Today’s social assistance regime combines both elements in a curious synthesis.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to comparative social policy research and discursive institutionalism by uncovering the historical and ideational foundations of a largely neglected case, social assistance in Turkey.

The New Politics of the Welfare State

1996 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Pierson
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Theoretical Argument ◽  
New Politics ◽  
State Expansion ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Welfare State

This essay seeks to lay the foundation for an understanding of welfare state retrenchment. Previous discussions have generally relied, at least implicitly, on a reflexive application of theories designed to explain welfare state expansion. Such an approach is seriously flawed. Not only is the goal of retrenchment (avoiding blame for cutting existing programs) far different from the goal of expansion (claiming credit for new social benefits), but the welfare state itself vastly alters the terrain on which the politics of social policy is fought out. Only an appreciation of how mature social programs create a new politics can allow us to make sense of the welfare state's remarkable resilience over the past two decades of austerity. Theoretical argument is combined with quantitative and qualitative data from four cases (Britain, the United States, Germany, and Sweden) to demonstrate the shortcomings of conventional wisdom and to highlight the factors that limit or facilitate retrenchment success.

scholarly journals Increasing the value of quality management systems

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida Gremyr ◽  
Jan Lenning ◽  
Mattias Elg ◽  
Jason Martin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Quality Management Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Data Collection Strategy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose Over one million organisations have a quality management system (QMS) certified to the ISO 9001 standard; however, the system requires a lot of resources and its value has been questioned. This critique also leads to a questioning of the strategic relevance of quality management. The purpose of this paper is to explore how different types of uses of QMS correlate with management perceptions of quality management in terms of respect, cost and strategic importance. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on a mixed method data collection strategy, quantitative data being collected from a survey in 8 organisations (n = 108) and qualitative data being collected from 12 interviews with quality managers in 12 different organisations. Findings The paper shows that a compliance-oriented QMS usage will more likely lead to a view of quality management as costly and of little respect, than a business or improvement-oriented QMS usage. Moreover, it nuances the view on compliance-oriented usage, showing that it is mainly documentation that negatively influences how management views quality management, whereas standardisation that is part of the compliance-oriented use is perceived as more value-adding. Originality/value This paper suggests three types of QMS use, namely, business management, improvement, and compliance-oriented use, and that a wise selection of how to use the QMS will affect the respect, strategic importance and cost that management associates with quality management.

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