Lubrication properties of modified lard and rapeseed oil greases with sodium and lithium thickeners

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 557-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juozas Padgurskas ◽  
Raimundas Rukuiža ◽  
Arturas Kupcinskas ◽  
Raimondas Kreivaitis
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lithium Soap ◽  
High Thermal Resistance ◽  
Degradable Materials ◽  
Wear Tests ◽  
Lubrication Properties ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to conduct research on the possibility of improving the tribological and utilization properties of lard and rapeseed oil bio-based greases by mixing it with ethanol and selection of thickener and modification with special biological additives. Design/methodology/approach – Rapeseed oil- and lard-based greases with sodium and lithium soap thickeners were mixed with either water or ethanol and modified with a special biological anti-wear additive. Tribological properties of modified lubricants evaluated on a four-ball machine. Findings – Rapeseed oil- and lard-based greases suspended in ethanol and modified with bio-additive have the same wear resistance as the industrial non-biological lubrication grease and much higher wear resistance as bio-based reference grease. The tribological efficiency of the additives is higher in greases of rapeseed oil and less efficient in lard-based greases. Oxidation and wear tests show that investigated bio-based greases have comparatively stable tribological properties also after their aging. Modified greases have sufficient consistence according penetration measurements and high thermal resistance according drop-point temperature measurements. All produced experimental greases pass within the category of the easily degradable materials. Originality/value – The greases mixed with the ethanol make possible to form more homogeneous and stable grease mixture. Modified bio-based greases have significantly higher wear resistance as bio-based reference grease, their lubrication properties are stable also after the aging and are categorized as easily degradable materials.

Tribological properties of the epoxy resin-based solid lubricant coating modified by Kevlar fibers

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 1706-1713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guotao Zhang ◽  
Yanguo Yin ◽  
Ting Xie ◽  
Dan Li ◽  
Ming Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Dry Friction ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Solid Lubricant ◽  
Transfer Film ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Friction And Wear Properties

Purpose This paper aims to obtain high mechanical and good tribological properties of epoxy resin-based coatings under dry friction conditions. Design/methodology/approach Bonded solid lubricant coatings containing Kevlar fibres were prepared by a spraying method. The friction and wear properties of the coatings were experimentally investigated with a face-to-face tribometre under dry friction conditions. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and 3D laser scanning technologies were used to characterise the tribological properties. The action mechanism of the Kevlar fibres on a solid lubricant transfer film was also analysed. Findings Adding Kevlar fibres can significantly improve the wear resistance of the coatings. When the Kevlar fibre content increases, the tribological properties of the coatings improve and then worsen. Superior properties are obtained with 0.03 g of Kevlar fibres. Appropriately increasing the load or speed is beneficial to the removal of the outer epoxy resin and the formation of a lubricant film. During friction, the solid lubricants wrapped in the epoxy resin accumulate on the surface to form a transfer film that shows a good self-lubricating performance. In the later friction stage, fatigue cracks occur on the solid lubricant film but cannot connect to one another because of the high wear resistance and the entanglement of the rod-like Kevlar fibres. Thus, no large-area film falls from the matrix, thereby ensuring the long-term functioning of solid lubricant coatings. Originality/value Epoxy resin-based solid lubricant coatings modified by Kevlar fibres were prepared, and their friction and wear properties were investigated. Their tribological mechanisms were also proposed. This work provided a basis for the analysis of the tribological properties and design of bonded solid lubricant coatings containing Kevlar fibres.

Preparation and tribological properties of a microemulsion for magnesium alloy warm rolling

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Dong ◽  
Jianlin Sun ◽  
Zixuan Cheng ◽  
Yuqing Hou
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Warm Rolling ◽  
Friction Reduction ◽  
Alloy Strip ◽  
Lubrication Mechanism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rolling Oil ◽  
Lubrication Properties

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to synthesize a microemulsion and investigate its tribological properties as lubricant. Magnesium alloy warm rolling experiments were conducted. Surface morphology was observed and wear form was summarized. The composition of surface residues was analyzed, which sheds light on the lubrication mechanism of microemulsion. Design/methodology/approach A microemulsion was prepared with a proper amount of oil, surfactant, cosurfactant, water and other additives for magnesium alloy strip warm rolling. Tribological properties, such as maximum non-seizure load (PB), friction coefficient (μ) and wear scar diameter (D) of the microemulsion were measured and compared with those of emulsion and rolling oil on an MR-10A four-ball tribotester. The extreme pressure anti-wear coefficients (O) were calculated and compared. Warm rolling experiments were carried out on a Ф 170/400 × 300 mm four-high rolling mill at 240°C to compare the finish rolling thickness and surface quality of rolled AZ31B magnesium alloy strip under four lubrication states, namely, no lubrication, rolling oil, microemulsion and emulsion. The surface morphology after warm rolling was observed with confocal laser scanning microscope and scanning electron microscope, respectively. The composition of surface residues was analyzed with energy dispersive spectrometry and X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Findings Surface morphology indicated that pitting wear, adhesive wear and ploughing wear were three main forms of wear in magnesium alloy warm rolling. Microemulsion had excellent lubrication properties with less residual oil remaining. Two types of adsorption layers formed on magnesium alloy strip surface were responsible for lubrication properties. MgSO4 and magnesium stearate in the reaction layer played a key role in anti-wear and friction-reduction in warm rolling. Originality/value The study is original and gives valuable information on lubrication mechanism of microemulsion in warm rolling of magnesium alloy strips.

The tribological performance of engineered micro-surface topography by picosecond laser on PEEK

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiling Wang
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Picosecond Laser ◽  
Wear Property ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Friction Curve ◽  
Micro Structures ◽  
Wear Tests ◽  
Friction And Wear Tests

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of engineered micro-structures on the tribological properties of metal-polyetheretherketone (PEEK) surface. Design/methodology/approach Circular dimples with diameters of 25 and 50 µm were designed and manufactured on PEEK plate specimens using picosecond laser. Reciprocating friction and wear tests on a ball-on-flat configuration were performed to evaluate the tribological properties of the designed micro-structures in dry contacts. The loading forces of 0.9 and 3 N were applied. Findings As a result, obvious fluctuations of coefficient of friction curve were observed in tribosystems consisting of non-textured and textured PEEK with circular dimples of 25 µm in diameter. GCr15 ball/textured PEEK plate specimens with circular dimples of 50 µm in diameter revealed a superior friction and wear property. Originality/value Different to the existing studies in which the tribopairs consist of hard bearing couples, this study investigated the tribological properties of the engineered micro-structures on the hard-on-soft bearing couples.

Microstructure and tribological properties of sprayed nanostructure Fe-based martensite coating on an aluminum cylinder liner

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eryong Liu ◽  
Yuan Xue ◽  
Yaping Bai ◽  
Jibin Pu ◽  
Shuangming Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Cylinder Liner ◽  
Adhesive Force ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Strengthening Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Strong Adhesion ◽  
Aluminum Cylinder

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to improve the tribological properties of aluminum cylinder liner. Higher martensite contents were closely related to the higher hardness and excellent wear resistance of Fe-based coatings. Furthermore, the grain size of the Fe-based coating was approximately 40 nm, which provides an excellent fine grain strengthening effect. Design/methodology/approach To improve the tribological properties of aluminum cylinder liners, a Fe-based martensite coating was prepared by internal plasma spraying technology, whose microstructure and tribological properties were then investigated. Findings Sprayed Fe-based coating possessed a low contact angle and strong adhesion with lubricating oil. In a simulated engine condition, Fe-based coating exhibited a decreased friction coefficient and increased wear resistance under oil lubrication, which was dominated by a stronger adhesive force with lubricating oil, higher martensite contents on the worn surface, higher hardness and higher H/E value than those of the reference HT 200 and Al-19Si cylinder material. Originality/value Nanostructure Fe-based martensite coating was sprayed on an aluminum cylinder liner, which demonstrated remarkable advantages over the reference cylinder material.

Effect of the graphite content on the tribological properties of hybrid Al/SiC/Gr composites processed by powder metallurgy

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adalet Zeren
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Graphite Content ◽  
Wear Tests

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to understand the effect of graphite content on the properties of aluminum alloy/silicon carbide/granite (Al/SiC/Gr) composites. Design/methodology/approach – Hardness and wear tests were applied to the powder metallurgical composites, and microstructural characterization was conducted. Findings – Optimum graphite content for maximum wear resistance is reported as weight 6 per cent. Originality/value – Results of this study may help light weight Al/SiC/Gr composites to be used in different industrial applications.

Study of the effect of overbased calcium or magnesium sulfonate combinated with thiazole derivatives in rapeseed oil on tribological properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 1258-1267
Author(s):  
Juan Tan ◽  
Yanfei Wang ◽  
Mouwu Liu ◽  
Jing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxides ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Lubricant Film ◽  
Thiazole Derivatives ◽  
Alkyl Benzene ◽  
Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Worn Surfaces

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the tribological properties of a thiazole derivatives (T561), overbased alkyl benzene calcium sulfonate (T106A) compounded with T561 and overbased alkyl benzene magnesium sulfonate (T107) compounded with T561 in rapeseed oil (RSO). Design/methodology/approach A four-ball machine was used to evaluate the tribological properties of each compound and their combinations with T561 in RSO. Scanning electron microscopy, EDX and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were applied to analyze the tribofilm formed on the worn surfaces. Findings Results of tribotesting demonstrated that synergistic effects exist between the overbased sulfonates, T106A and T107, and the thiazole derivative, T561. The texts of tribofilm indicated that iron sulfide and iron oxides exist in T561 single agent lubricant film and two composite additives lubricant film, and no sulfates were detected. It suggested that the addition of alkyl benzene sulfonate did not hinder the formation of iron sulfides and iron oxides. Meanwhile, CaSO4 (MgSO4) and CaCO3 (MgCO3) were detected on the worn surface of the composite additives, which were not detected on the single agent friction surface. Originality/value A tribofilm mainly contains CaSO4 (MgSO4) and CaCO3 (MgCO3) formed on the worn surfaces, which is responsible for excellent extreme pressure and anti-wear properties of the compound agents because of their high melting point and high shear stress.

Tribological properties of biomedical 316L stainless steel after plasma nitriding and Ti-C:H sputtering coating

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 1516-1526
Author(s):  
Wen-Hsien Kao ◽  
Yean-Liang Su
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Aisi 316L ◽  
Aisi 316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wear Tests

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the effects of plasma nitriding and Ti-C:H coating deposition on AISI 316L and to find the best tribological performance of various specimens. Design/methodology/approach An experimental investigation is performed into the effects of plasma nitriding and Ti-C:H sputtering on the tribological properties of AISI 316L biomedical stainless steel. Five samples are prepared, namely, original AISI 316L stainless steel (code: 316L), nitrided 316L (code: N316), 316L and N316 sputtered with Ti-C:H (codes: D316 and DN316, respectively) and polished N316 sputtered with Ti-C:H (DN316s). The microstructure, mechanical properties and coating adhesion strength of the various samples are investigated and compared. The tribological properties of the samples are then evaluated by means of reciprocating wear tests performed in 8.9 Wt.% NaCl solution against three different counterbodies, namely, a 316L ball, Ti6Al4V ball and Si3N4 ball. Findings It is shown that plasma nitriding followed by Ti-C:H deposition (DN316s) improves the tribological properties of AISI 316L; the sample provides the best tribological performance of the various specimens and has a wear rate approximately 156 times lower than that of the original 316L substrate. Originality/value The results suggest that nitriding followed by polishing and Ti-C:H sputtering provides an effective means of improving the service life of AISI 316L biomedical implants.

Tribological properties of soft/hard hybrid surface of Babbitt alloy/steel

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-447
Author(s):  
Yuquan Ni ◽  
Guangneng Dong ◽  
Qi Liu ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Yihong Li
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Alloy Steel ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bare Steel ◽  
Soft Filler ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Babbitt Alloy

Purpose Babbitt bush is easy to cause severe adhesive wear due to unexpected journal fall. This paper aims to improve wear resistance of Babbitt bush. Design/methodology/approach A soft/hard hybrid surface mircoprofile of Babbitt alloy/steel was fabricated by a technology of laser texture combined with hot-pressing. The friction and wear performances of bare steel (steel-h), Babbitt bush on steel (steel-s) and Babbitt filled in dimples of steel (steel-hs) were conducted on a ball-on-disc tester under dry and lubricated conditions. Findings The results showed that wettability of steel-hs was enhanced by forming soft/hard hybrid surface. Compared with steel-s, the stability of friction coefficient curve of steel-hs was improved without increasing coefficient friction. The wear resistance of steel-hs was remarkably enhanced under dry and lubricated conditions. Originality/value The originality of this paper is as following: to improve the tribological properties and to prolong service life of steel-s, soft/hard hybrid surface of Babbitt filled in dimples of steel substrate was successfully fabricated by laser texturing combined with hot-pressing. This paper showed that the lipophilicity of steel-hs was best among those of steel-s and steel-h. Babbitt alloy as a soft filler on dimples of steel substrate improved anti-wear of steel-s remarkably. It provides a new way to fabricate Babbitt as bushing on steel substrate.

TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYURETHANES IN ABRASIVE SOIL MASS

Tribologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 276 (6) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy NAPIÓRKOWSKI ◽  
Jerzy LIGIER
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Soil Mass ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Relative Wear ◽  
Relative Wear Resistance ◽  
Wear Tests

This paper presents a comparative study of polyurethane wear in abrasive soil mass. Two types of polyurethanes of various chemical compositions and untreated 38GSA steel were tested, the latter being used as a reference standard. The study was conducted in a natural soil mass at a “rotating bowl” stand. Relative wear resistance was determined from measurements of mass wear for the materials under study. The conditions of the surface of the materials under wear tests were analysed.

Study on the tribological behaviors of copper nanoparticles in three kinds of commercially available lubricants

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhong Li ◽  
TianTian Liu ◽  
Yujuan Zhang ◽  
Pingyu Zhang ◽  
Shengmao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Electrical Contact ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lubricant Additives ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Electrical Contact Resistance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Wear Tests

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the tribological properties of Cu nanoparticles (NPs) as lubricant additives in three kinds of commercially available lubricants. Design/methodology/approach A four-ball machine is used to estimate the tribological properties of Cu NPs as lubricant additives in three kinds of commercially available lubricants. Three-dimensional optical profiler and electrical contact resistance are evaluated to investigate the morphology of the worn surfaces and the influence of Cu NPs on tribofilms. Findings Wear tests show that the addition of Cu NPs as lubricant additives could reduce wear and increase load-carrying capacity of commercially available lubricants remarkably, indicating that Cu NPs have a good compatibility with the existing lubricant additives in commercially available lubricants. Originality/value The tribological properties of Cu NPs as lubricant additives in three kinds of commercially available lubricants were investigated in this paper. These results are reliable and can be very helpful for application of Cu NPs as lubricant additives in industry.

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