Requalification of Old Places in Brussels: Increasing Density, Improving Urbanity

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Priscilla Ananian ◽  
Bernard Declève
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Observation ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Capital Region ◽  
The Public ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Local Functions ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
The One

Brussels Capital Region has to deal with urban conflicts arising from the different kinds of land uses. On the one hand the process of metropolisation has intensified the inner city's land use through residential, economic and urban development and on the other hand this same process has contributed to the expansion and sprawling of the city beyond its administrative borders. The city's main challenge is to ensure the cohabitation of different urban forms and densities in a multi-scale level related to metropolitan and local functions (Ananian P. 2010). Brussels, originally an industrial city, has become an administrative centre, generating a series of disaffected areas. Urban regeneration and sustainable development policies aim to improve the standard of living through urban, social and economic enhancements. Indeed, these policies deal with the construction, renovation and requalification of obsolete areas into new dwelling complexes. In this context, the present article shows the results of a broader research commissioned by the Brussels Capital Region on residential densification between 1989 and 2007(Declève B. Ananian P. et al 2009). Through the analysis of this inventory, we have identified three main techniques concerning the requalification of old places into residential uses: firstly the reurbanisation of brownfields generated by the delocalisation of large facilities; secondly the requalification and reconversion of isolated buildings (abandoned and obsolete industrial and office buildings) and last but not least, the recycling of terrains merged into the urban fabric of old neighbourhoods. Following two methodological approaches (morphological observation and analysis of social perception), this research has shown us that, in the last twenty years of housing production in Brussels, the main abandoned buildings and sites that were available were requalified, increasing density and improving urbanity through the diversity of the urban forms adopted for the public and private spaces.

scholarly journals Brazilian university technology transfer to rural areas

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 2243-2248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enio Marchesan ◽  
Scott Allen Senseman
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Vice Chancellor ◽  
The One

In agriculture, there is a difference between average yield obtained by farmers and crop potential. There is technology available to increase yields, but not all farmers have access to it and/or use this information. This clearly characterizes an extension and technology transference problem. There are several technology transfer systems, but there is no system to fit all conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to create extension solutions according to local conditions. Another rural extension challenge is efficiency, despite continuous funding reductions. One proposal that has resulted from extension reform worldwide has suggested integration between the public and private sectors. The public universities could play the role of training and updating technical assistance of human resources, which is the one of the main aspects that has limited technology transfer. The objective of this study was to identify approaches to promote technology transfer generated in Brazilian public universities to rural areas through literature review. An experimental approach of technology transfer is presented here where a Brazilian university extension Vice-chancellor incorporates professionals from consolidated research groups according to demand. In this way, public universities take part of their social functions, by integrating teaching, research, and extension.

scholarly journals LEADING PRIORITIES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE HIGH TECHNOLOGIES MARKET

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenijus Chlivickas ◽  
Neringa Petrauskaitė ◽  
Nikolaj Ambrusevič
Keyword(s):  
Triple Helix ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Triple Helix Model ◽  
The One ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
National Economies ◽  
High Technologies

High technologies development has strategic importance to improving regional EU and national economies effectiveness and assuring a country's competitiveness. This is especially a key priority for small countries that do not have many natural and material resources, as well as labour force. Therefore, in the article the specifics of high technologies development that derives from exceptional high technologies features is analysed. These specific features of high technologies influence the rise of specific characteristics of high technologies market. Thus, the article aims to set leading priorities for a successful development of high technologies business in Lithuania. Development of the high technologies business depends first of all on development of the high technologies market. The success of developing high technologies depends on implementation of the ‘ triple helix’ model covering integration of the public and private sector as well as science. The most successful’ triple helix’ model for high technologies development is the one where the highest degree of cooperation between authorities, industry and academic public is indicated. Therefore the article establishes the implementation of the ‘ triple helix’ as a leading priority for high technologies development in Lithuania.

VARIATION OF VIEW ON ENGLISH LEGAL DISTINCTIONS BETWEEN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE

2007 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 698-711
Author(s):  
J. W. F. Allison
Keyword(s):  
Public Law ◽  
Normative Theory ◽  
Analytical Treatment ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
State Action ◽  
The Public ◽  
Normative Evaluation ◽  
The One ◽  
The Way

The debate about distinguishing public law and private law has been wide-ranging and variously focused. It has contributed to a paradox (or contradiction) in legal thinking, described by Peter Cane in his contribution to Public Law in a Multi-Layered Constitution. On the one hand, Cane stresses that the distinction between public and private “seems alive and well”––manifest, inter alia, in judicial review procedure and the establishment of an Administrative Court in England, in EC law (demarcating the scope of directives with direct effect), in the provisions applicable to public authorities in the Human Rights Act 1998, in the “state action” doctrine of the US Supreme Court, and in the statutory demarcation of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal's jurisdiction in Australia. On the other hand, he stresses the extent of scholarly criticism of the distinction––that it is outmoded, descriptively inaccurate or normatively undesirable. In his view, the resolution of the paradox lies in recognition that “the supporters and the opponents of the public/private distinction are talking about different things”. He concludes that, for its opponents, as a result of institutional and functional hybridisation, “the distinction misrepresents the way power is distributed and exercised” but that, for its supporters, “it embodies an attractive normative theory of the way power ought to be distributed and its exercise controlled”. In his presentation of the paradox and its resolution, Cane thus brings together various views and distinctions––English, American and Australian––and suggests that a contrast between descriptive criticism and normative evaluation is crucial to understanding the public/private debate. By the breadth and inclusivity of his analysis, however, he also brings into question the desirability of unitary analytical treatment of various distinctions in various contexts, supported and opposed by people talking about “different things”.

scholarly journals Urban Gardening and Green Space Governance: Towards New Collaborative Planning Practices

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Nikolaidou ◽  
Tanja Klöti ◽  
Simone Tappert ◽  
Matthias Drilling
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Local Politics ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Urban Gardening ◽  
The One ◽  
Public Green Space

In the context of urban densification and central urban areas’ lack of open spaces, new forms of small-scale urban gardening practices have emerged. These gardening practices respond to urban pressures and open new modes of green space governance, presenting alternative and multifunctional ways to manage and revitalise cities. Focusing on the case of Geneva, the article unfolds two levels of discussion. On the one hand—and with reference to the theorist Habermas—it examines how multiple actors with different interests interplay and cooperate with each other in order to negotiate over open space, while discussing implications for local politics and planning. On the other hand, it describes how these negotiations result in new, innovative, and hybrid forms of public green space. The main findings indicate emerging forms of collaboration, partnerships, and governance patterns that involve public and private sectors and increase participation by civil society actors. Cooperation amongst several interested groups and the collective re-invention of public urban spaces increase these spaces’ accessibility for multiple users and actors, as well as present possibilities for alternative and diversified uses and activities. This might underline the hypothesis that future cities will be governed in less formalised ways, and that urban forms will be created through spontaneous, temporary, mobile, and adaptive negotiation processes.

scholarly journals Ageing, ageism, and lost honor: Narratives of Arab elders in Israel

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Shlomit Manor
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Family Values ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Gerontological Research ◽  
Israel Experience ◽  
The Status ◽  
The One ◽  
Older Populations ◽  
Arab Men

This study examines how Arab elders in Israel experience old age and speak about ageism, old age, and loss of honor. Interviews were conducted with 25 Arab men and women, both Muslims and Christians, between the ages of 63 and 86. The findings indicate that despite Arab society being a familial and traditional society, informants experience ageism and feelings of loss of respect and status in both the public and private spheres. The findings reveal a multilayered discourse, inconsistent and incoherent, riddled with internal contradictions about honor, exclusion, ageism, and its absence. This discourse reflects Arab society’s ambivalence about the ongoing processes of modernization on the one hand, and the desire to preserve traditional family values and the status of older populations on the other. The issue of ageism within Arab society in Israel has not thus far drawn much attention in the field of gerontological research, and this study therefore aims to fill this gap.

An Introduction to the Public and Private Debate in Islamic Culture

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-70
Author(s):  
Mohsen Kadivar
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Principle ◽  
The Other ◽  
Private Sphere ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
Legal Understanding

This chapter first presents a brief explanation about the private and the public before establishing the fundamental principle of the matter. Using two of the criteria taken by private definition as the basis of discussion, the chapter will then consider the following two axes: the prohibition against prying and the right to freedom in action. Thereafter, the chapter will consider important issues pertaining to the private sphere, such as al-amr bi al-ma‘ruf wa al-nahy ‘an al-munkar (enjoining the proper and forbidding the improper), the office of accountability (da’irat al-hisbah) and the limits of the authority of an Islamic government. Finally, the chapter will conclude with a recommendation for raising religious conscience. ‘Enjoining the proper and forbidding the improper’ is essentially the duty of people versus the state and not vice versa. ‘The office of accountability’ was a medieval institution based on a restricted and incomplete understanding of this duty. Hisbah was part of an Islamic state or theocracy, on the one hand, and a legal understanding of shari‘a, on the other – both of which are problematic. The time of hisbah is over.

scholarly journals Alternative solutions for public and private catastrophe funding in Austria

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gruber
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Insurance Markets ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
The Public ◽  
Damage Compensation ◽  
The One

Abstract. The impacts of natural hazards as well as their frequency of occurrence during the last decades have increased decisively. Therefore, the public as well as the private sector are expected to react to this development by providing sufficient funds, in particular for the improvement of protection measures and an enhanced funding of damage compensation for affected private individuals, corporate and public entities. From the public stance, the establishment of an appropriate regulatory environment seems to be indispensable. Structural and legal changes should, on the one hand, renew and improve the current distribution system of public catastrophe funds as well as the profitable investment of these financial resources, and on the other hand, facilitate the application of alternative mechanisms provided by the capital and insurance markets. In particular, capital markets have developed alternative risk transfer and financing mechanisms, such as captive insurance companies, risk pooling, contingent capital solutions, multi-trigger products and insurance securitisation for hard insurance market phases. These instruments have already been applied to catastrophic (re-)insurance in other countries (mainly the US and off-shore domiciles), and may contribute positively to the insurability of extreme weather events in Austria by enhancing financial capacities. Not only private individuals and corporate entities may use alternative mechanisms in order to retain, thus, to finance certain risks, but also public institutions. This contribution aims at analysing potential solutions for an improved risk management of natural hazards in the private and the public sector by considering alternative mechanisms of the capital and insurance markets. Also the establishment of public-private-partnerships, which may contribute to a more efficient cat funding system in Austria, is considered.

Disentangling anti-corruption agencies and accounting for their ineffectiveness

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-35
Author(s):  
Maria Krambia-Kapardis
Keyword(s):  
Legitimacy Theory ◽  
Legal Process ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Exogenous Factors ◽  
The One ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Control Challenge

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide an adequate account of anti-corruption agency (ACA) ineffectiveness and propose the kind of ACA that would hold the promise of success. The paper draws on legitimacy theory, legal process and the notion of integrity of purpose. Design/methodology/approach This paper contextualizes the establishment and proliferation of ACAs; explores different ways of conceptualizing them; examines the broad range of factors that have underpinned ACA ineffectiveness and utilizes both legitimacy theory and the notion of the integrity of purpose. Findings The one-ACA-model-fits-all approach in corruption-control has been an abysmal failure. Disentangling the reasons for ACA ineffectiveness reveals various endogenous and exogenous factors. It also emphasizes the crucial importance of integrating both legitimacy theory and integrity of purpose in a revamped ACA concept that meets the corruption-control challenge. Practical implications It is possible to design and implement an effective ACA by avoiding various factors that have been shown to seriously undermine corruption control efforts by also drawing on legitimacy theory, legal process and integrity of purpose. Social implications Corruption in both the public and private sectors cannot be controlled in isolation from other socio-economic problems. An effective ACA is one that fosters integrity and is considered legitimate by its stakeholders. Originality/value While there have been some articles the past two decades discussing the effectiveness of ACAs in particular countries, this is the first paper to account for the overall ACA ineffectiveness also using legitimacy theory, legal process and integrity of purpose to revamp the ACA concept.

BEAUTY OR BEAST, OR MONSTROUS REGIMENTS? ROBERTSON AND BURKE ON WOMEN AND THE PUBLIC SCENE

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
LÁSZLÓ KONTLER
Keyword(s):  
Political Agenda ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Role ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Political Roles ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level ◽  
William Robertson

The Enlightenment can usefully be conceived as a confrontation with eroding Christian and classical republican ethics. It was permeated with assumptions about women and the gendered dichotomy between public and private spheres. While William Robertson and Edmund Burke, along with many of their contemporaries, remained committed to Christian- and republican-based conceptions of virtue, they were working within a new Enlightenment paradigm. Its political agenda has to be understood by way of its configurations of beauty, taste, and morality as these relate to the imperatives and needs of modern societies of a high level of sophistication and differentiation. An examination of two themes in the work of Robertson and Burke—the nature of women in “savage” and “civilized” societies, and “beauty in distress”—reveals how long-held convictions about the character of women, especially with regard to their capacity and right to appear in the public domain, were modified and adjusted to the idea of progress, and became central to an enlightened affirmation of modern European civilization. The result had its ironies. On the one hand, a positive public and indeed political role was invented for women that is central to understanding the overall thrust of a political discourse based on politeness, civility, refinement and similar values specifically associated with modern commercial societies. On the other hand, though the complexity of this model of society gave ample scope to informal and spontaneous vehicles of social disciplining, whatever room was left for the more traditional ways of governing polities through the direct exertion of political power remained closed to women: the very features that opened for them the opportunity to play political roles through sociability in the public sphere also circumscribed them.

A critical success model for PPP public housing delivery in Ghana

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Titus Ebenezer Kwofie ◽  
Samuel Afram ◽  
Edward Botchway
Keyword(s):  
Public Housing ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
Success Model ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Sub Saharan

Purpose – The nature and characteristics of critical success factors (CSFs) that influence success on public private partnership (PPP) arrangements on different project typologies vary between countries and regions. Studies confirm the lack of success on PPP approach on public housing project (PHP). The main challenge to PPP-PHP success has been identifying, analysing, categorizing and matching CSFs that are likely to influence the PPP-PHP outcome. The purpose of this paper is to identify the CSFs that influence PPP-PHP delivery in Ghana. This is premised on the theoretical implications that understanding the factors that influence the success on PPP-PHP projects is critical. Design/methodology/approach – By adopting a 16 CSFs from literature and using a questionnaire survey, the factors that are critical to success on PPP-PHP approach in Ghana were identified. The questionnaires were administered on participants that have been involved in PPP-PHPs in Ghana. Findings – The results revealed six CSFs that are critical towards success on PPP-PHPs in Ghana. The results also do not show significant variability in the agreement by the public and private stakeholder. Practical/implications – The findings present useful lessons for parties in PPP-PHPs in Ghana to focus their attention to engender the needed atmosphere towards successful delivery in Ghana in the formulation of policies, decision frameworks and delivery strategies. Originality/value – The study presents a critical success model that is applicable to PPP-PHP delivery in Ghana and potentially to other developing countries with similar socio-economic, political and organizational characteristics especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. It also affirms the fact that CSFs are contextual to project typologies and that different project types will reveal CSFs with varying significance in ranking. The findings should help in the development of efficient frameworks and policies for successes on PPP-PHPs in Ghana.

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