Integrated solid-state wearable sweat sensor system for sodium and potassium ion concentration detection

Sensor Review ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haowei Zhang ◽  
Lili Sun ◽  
Chengli Song ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Xueting Xuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
Linear Potential ◽  
Sensor Systems ◽  
Electrode Arrays ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
High Degree

Purpose Design, fabricate and evaluate all-solid-state wearable sensor systems that can monitor ion concentrations in human sweat to provide real time health analysis and disease diagnosis capabilities. Design/methodology/approach A human health monitoring system includes disposable customized flexible electrode array and a compact signal transmission-processing electronic unit. Findings Patterned rGO (reduced-graphene oxide) layers can replace traditional metal electrodes for the fabrication of free-standing all solid film sensors to provide improved flexibility, sensitivity, selectivity, and stability in ion concentration monitoring. Electrochemical measurements show the open circuit potential of current selective electrodes exhibit near Nernst responses versus Na+ and K+ ion concentration in sweat. These signals show great stability during a typical measurement period of 3 weeks. Sensor performances evaluated through real time measurements on human subjects show strong correlations between subject activity and sweating levels, confirming high degree of robustness, sensitivity, reliability and practicality of current sensor systems. Originality/value In improving flexibility, stability and interfacial coherency of chemical sensor arrays, rGO films have been the developed as a high-performance alternative to conventional electrode with significant cost and processing complexity reduction. rGO supported solid state electrode arrays have been found to have linear potential response versus ion concentration, suitable for electrochemical sensing applications. Current sweat sensor system has a high degree of integration, including electrode arrays, signal processing circuits, and data visualization interfaces.

A study of a real-time online monitoring system for the durability of concrete structures

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-189
Author(s):  
Mingming Xiao ◽  
Shilong Zhang ◽  
Yanbing Tang ◽  
Zhongmao Lin ◽  
Jiahong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Corrosion Current ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Corrosion Monitoring ◽  
Content Type ◽  
System Data ◽  
Durability Of Concrete

Purpose This study aims to explore the effect of corrosion monitoring technology for ensuring concrete structure safety. Design/methodology/approach A new monitoring system scheme with unattended operation to evaluate the durability of concrete structures is presented, which includes four components, namely, a multi-function embedded sensor, a microprocessor data collecting module, a system data analysis and storage module, and a remote server module. Findings The system carries out monitoring of chloride ion concentration and pH in concrete, corrosion current density and of the self-corrosion potential of the reinforcing steel bar. Originality/value This system provides real-time, online, lossless monitoring for concrete structures.

Research on a visual weld detection method based on invariant moment features

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng Jinle ◽  
Zou Yirong ◽  
Du Dong ◽  
Chang Baohua ◽  
Pan Jiluan
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Seam Tracking ◽  
Self Similarity ◽  
Invariant Moment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Invariant Moments ◽  
Moment Features ◽  
High Degree

Purpose – This paper aims to develop a feasible visual weld detection method to solve the problems in multi-layer welding detection (e.g. cover pass welding detection) for seam tracking and non-destructive testing. It seeks for an adaptive and accurate way to determine the edge between the seam and the base metal in the grayscale image of weld automatically. This paper tries to contribute to next-generation real-time robotic welding systems for multi-layer welding. Design/methodology/approach – This paper opted for invariant moments to characterize the seam and the base metal for classification purposes. The properties of invariant moments, such as high degree of self-similarity and separation, affine invariance and repetition invariance, were discussed to verify the adaptability of the invariant moment in weld detection. Then, a weld detection method based on invariant moments was proposed to extract the edge between the seam and the base metal, including image division, invariant moment features extraction, K-Means adaptive thresholding, maximum connected domain detection and edge position extraction. Findings – This paper highlights the significance of high degree of self-similarity and separation, affine invariance and repetition invariance of the invariant moment for weld detection. An adaptive, effective and accurate method is proposed to detect the edge between the seam and the base metal based on invariant moments. Research limitations/implications – It is necessary to verify the applicability of the proposed method in variable welding conditions further. Further works will focus on the establishment of a real-time seam tracking system during the whole multi-layer/multi-pass welding process based on such adaptive visual features. Practical implications – This paper includes the implications for development of an adaptive and real-time weld detection method, which is expected to be applied to online seam tracking in multi-layer welding. Originality/value – This paper presents an accurate weld detection method in multi-layer welding, overcoming difficulties in effectiveness, adaptability and efficiency of existing weld detection methods.

Novel implementation of IoT based non-invasive sensor system for real-time monitoring of intravenous fluid level for assistive e-healthcare

Circuit World ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Partha Pratim Ray ◽  
Nishant Thapa ◽  
Dinesh Dash ◽  
Debashis De
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
Fluid Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Non Invasive

Purpose The purpose of the study is to design and develop an pervasive and smart Internet of Things (IoT)-based sensor system to monitor he real-time intravenous (IV) fluid bag level. Design/methodology/approach This paper investigates such issue and performs several experiments to develop a non-invasive, semi-automatic system to monitor IoT-based IV fluid level in real-time. Findings The outcome of this study is a prototype hardware that includes an ESP8266 based embedded Web server to disseminate the fluid exhaust status flag to its connected users. Nurses can get the prompt intimation about the status of IV fluid bag whether it is about to get empty. Research limitations/implications IoT is the backbone of the proposed system. Multi-master system need to be studied in future. Practical implications Non-invasive and real-time IoT-based novel technique is developed with power-efficient and cost-effective pervasive sensors. Social implications This is applicable for pervasive and assistive e-health-care services by care givers and medical professionals. Originality/value The deployed system is controlled by ATtiny85 with help of LM35 temperature sensor. The results show a promising future of the proposed development in enhancing IoT-based smart health-care service in the coming days.

Design and manufacture of TNT explosives detector sensors based on CNTFET

Sensor Review ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeid Masoumi ◽  
Hassan Hajghassem ◽  
Alireza Erfanian ◽  
Ahmad Molaei Rad
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Field Effect Transistors ◽  
Single Walled Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Sensitivity And Selectivity ◽  
Molecule Recognition ◽  
Single Wall Nanotubes ◽  
Design And Manufacture ◽  
The Military

Purpose Miniaturized smart sensors that can perform sensitive and selective real-time monitoring of target analytes are tremendously valuable for various sensing applications. So, the purpose of this paper is to provide details of sensors based on selective nanocoatings by combining trinitrotoluene (TNT) receptors bound to conjugated polydiacetylene (PDA) polymers with single-walled carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNTFETs) for detecting explosives TNT. Design/methodology/approach Following an introduction, this paper describes the way of creating an FET with CNTs, which are functionalized by the peptide based on TNT molecule recognition elements and PDA, to offer a system which has the capability of answering the presence of related target molecules (TNT). Finally, brief conclusions are drawn. Findings Single-wall nanotubes and reduced graphene oxide are interesting materials for creating biosensors of FETs at nanoscale because of unique electrical, mechanical, geometrical and biocompatible properties. Therefore, this sensor is designed and manufactured, and the results of applying TNT to sensor show good sensitivity and selectivity response. Originality/value In this timeframe of history, sensors based on CNTFET are required for different uses, including clinical diagnosis technologies, environmental tests and bioterrorism recognition technologies, that correspond to the military conflicts and terrorism. So, CNTFET sensor design provides real-time detection of TNT explosives.

scholarly journals Patch-Type Vibration Visualization (PVV) Sensor System Based on Triboelectric Effect

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 3976
Author(s):  
Sun Jin Kim ◽  
Myeong-Lok Seol ◽  
Byun-Young Chung ◽  
Dae-Sic Jang ◽  
Jonghwan Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Computing System ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Sensor Systems ◽  
Patch Type ◽  
Triboelectric Effect

Self-powered wireless sensor systems have emerged as an important topic for condition monitoring in nuclear power plants. However, commercial wireless sensor systems still cannot be fully self-sustainable due to the high power consumption caused by excessive signal processing in a mini-electronic computing system. In this sense, it is essential not only to integrate the sensor system with energy-harvesting devices but also to develop simple data processing methods for low power schemes. In this paper, we report a patch-type vibration visualization (PVV) sensor system based on the triboelectric effect and a visualization technique for self-sustainable operation. The PVV sensor system composed of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET)/Al/LCD screen directly converts the triboelectric signal into an informative black pattern on the LCD screen without excessive signal processing, enabling extremely low power operation. In addition, a proposed image processing method reconverts the black patterns to frequency and acceleration values through a remote-control camera. With these simple signal-to-pattern conversion and pattern-to-data reconversion techniques, a vibration visualization sensor network has successfully been demonstrated.

scholarly journals Greater fit and a greater gap

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-594
Author(s):  
Steven A. Brieger ◽  
Dirk De Clercq ◽  
Jolanda Hessels ◽  
Christian Pfeifer
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Worker Rights ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Person Environment Fit ◽  
High Power Distance ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Uncertainty

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand how national institutional environments contribute to differences in life satisfaction between entrepreneurs and employees. Design/methodology/approach Leveraging person–environment fit and institutional theories and using a sample of more than 70,000 entrepreneurs and employees from 43 countries, the study investigates how the impact of entrepreneurial activity on life satisfaction differs in various environmental contexts. An entrepreneur’s life satisfaction arguably should increase when a high degree of compatibility or fit exists between his or her choice to be an entrepreneur and the informal and formal institutional environment. Findings The study finds that differences in life satisfaction between entrepreneurs and employees are larger in countries with high power distance, low uncertainty avoidance, extant entrepreneurship policies, low commercial profit taxes and low worker rights. Originality/value This study sheds new light on how entrepreneurial activity affects life satisfaction, contingent on the informal and formal institutions in a country that support entrepreneurship by its residents.

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