Reflections on archaeology, poverty and tourism in the Bolivian Amazon

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-228
Author(s):  
John H. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Local People ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Community Archaeology ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Anthropological Perspective ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Archaeological Heritage ◽  
Bolivian Amazon

Purpose – This paper aims to argue that one of the ways of enabling tourism to become sustainable is for archaeologists to relate archaeology to poverty, while being aware of the process of heritage production. It proposes that one way to engage with issues of poverty is to talk to people who are trying to get out of poverty. Many archaeologists are already at work using a similar perspective not just to integrate international scholarship with local interests, but to hand over authority relating to aspects of research to the local community. Design/methodology/approach – This paper reviews literature about and archaeological study in the Bolivian Amazon region. Here, all-weather roads are scarce and unreliable. Scholars are beginning to document and analyze the archaeological record of this region, and as lowland Bolivians develop tourism, the article considers how archaeology could help connect the Bolivian Amazon to an international audience. Findings – An anthropological perspective suggests that projects in which local people are connected to decision-making will have long-term effects. Without such integration, cycles of boom and bust are likely to repeat. The article cites two examples: the inscription of the Ichapekene Piesta Moxos on the UNESCO Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, and the Museo Yacuma, in Santa Ana del Yacuma. Community archaeology, in which the community makes decisions about how research will proceed, is a developing trend, which stands to benefit local people, archaeologists and tourists. Originality/value – The paper outlines how community archaeology in the Beni region of Bolivia can be built on a strong foundation: first, by a community of Benianos that are ready, willing and able to be a part of both the development of tourism and of archaeology and second, via its long and varied archaeological record, providing plenty of material for the development of heritage. The question is whether a community archaeology can generate and sustain archaeological heritage as part of a tourism industry?

scholarly journals Dance in tourism from an anthropological perspective: An introduction to the research issue

Turyzm ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Adrianna Banio ◽  
Ewa Malchrowicz-Mośko
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Research Issue ◽  
Anthropological Perspective ◽  
Sports Tourism ◽  
Great Danger

Nowadays, dance plays an important role in the modern tourism industry. Today, the craze for dancing creates great opportunities for cultural tourism. However, it should be remembered that there is a great danger of losing the most important meaning of dance by commercializing and reducing its essence. Dance tourism as discussed in the article is understood as travel for the purpose of learning about dance and its culture in places where given dance styles were born, or where they play an important national role as well as enjoying great popularity among the local community. This article is an introduction to the issue of dance tourism in an anthropological context. It presents potential attractions related to dance in the perspectives of cultural and sports tourism, it has an illustrative and descriptive character while its method is a literature review and presentation of popular examples.

scholarly journals Community perception of heritage values regarding a global monument in Ghana: Implications for sustainable heritage management

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justice Mensah
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Local People ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
The People ◽  
Limited Opportunity

Purpose Scholarly discourses regarding heritage values for sustainable heritage management abound in heritage literature but appear elitist as they tend to exclude the perspectives of the people at the lower echelons of society. The study explored the values ascribed to a global heritage monument by the people living around a global heritage site in Ghana and the implications of their perceptual values for sustainable heritage management. Design/methodology/approach This study used the qualitative design. It was guided by Costin’s heritage values, community attachment theory and values-based approach to heritage management. Data was gathered from the local people living close to the heritage site, and the staff of Museums and Monuments Board at the heritage site. Data were gathered through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews and analysed using the thematic approach and most significant stories. Findings The results revealed that the local people were aware of the economic, aesthetic, historic, symbolic and informational values of the heritage monument but showed little attachment to the monument. The main reasons for the low attachment were the limited opportunity for them to participate in the management of the monument, and the limited opportunity for direct economic benefits from the heritage asset. Research limitations/implications A comprehensive understanding of heritage monument management that reflects the perspectives and values of the local people is imperative. Practical implications United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organisation and Ghana Museums and Monuments Board could consider a more community-inclusive heritage management framework that takes cognizance of local values and perspectives to ensure sustainable heritage management and development. Social implications The values and perspectives of the local community matter in heritage management. The heritage authorities need to engage more with the community people and educate them on the best practices regarding the sustainable management of World Heritage Sites. Originality/value This paper argues that the management of global heritage sites should not be elitist in orientation and character. It should respect the principle of community participation for inclusive development.

Exploring the effects of “excessive tourism growth” on public health and ecosystem

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferika Ozer Sari ◽  
Murat Nazli
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Local People ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Theoretical Contribution

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to explore and understand the effects of excessive tourism growth on public health, local people and the ecosystem. The secondary purpose of the study is to link excessive tourism growth to social exchange theory, in terms of interchanging key resources of tourism destinations.Design/methodology/approachThis is an exploratory study where qualitative research methods are employed. Telephone interview technique is used to obtain data from academicians who work at various universities in Turkey. Content analysis and thematic analysis with an inductive approach are made by use of MAXQDA software program.FindingsFindings reveal that the satisfaction of local people is an important gain in terms of the economy, but the destruction of the ecosystem due to the excessive crowd, in a sense, overtourism, garbage and too much waste is striking disadvantage based on the responses. Risk of contagious disease, effects on the natural environment and wastes are stated to have huge impacts on the public health and ecosystem.Practical implicationsThe study identifies some implications in terms of imbalance and unfairness among the locals who face with excessive crowds. Managing the effects of excessive tourism growth on vulnerable destinations and local people, controlling the carrying capacity in destinations with anxiety, fear, depression, health problems and low living standards should be taken under consideration. Additionally, finding ways to get rid of infectious diseases (such as increasing health checkpoints at borders, investigating the carrying capacity of destinations) is important for tourism spots.Originality/valueAs a major theoretical contribution, this study links excessive tourism growth to social exchange theory and reveals that the degree of exchanging valuable resources in the destination and the level of interaction between locals and tourists are the most critical points for the well-being of the local community and ecosystem.

scholarly journals PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT LOKAL DALAM PENGELOLAAN USAHA WISATA DI KOTA SENTANI, KABUPATEN JAYAPURA, PAPUA

Jurnal IPTA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Nani Eunike Manoach ◽  
IGPB. Sasrawan Mananda ◽  
I Nyoman Sudiarta
Keyword(s):  
Community Participation ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Local People ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Tour Guide ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

Local community participation in managing of local industry is important to tourism development in Sentani City, Jayapura Regency, Papua. The purpose of this study is to determine the participation of local community in the tourism industry entrepreneurship in Sentani City. The informant determination technique used in this research was purposive technique and the data analyze technique used in research was qualitative descriptive. The study result showed that local people in Sentani, have impulsive participation in tourist attraction business, waterpark, rent boats, and handycraft business. Coersive participation in rent car business, tour and travel, restaurant, and accommodation business. Induced participation in tour guide business.

Adaptation of “participatory method” in design “for/with/by” the poor community in Tam Thanh, Quang Nam, Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-282
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Hanh Nguyen ◽  
Hung Thanh Dang
Keyword(s):  
Participatory Design ◽  
Design Theory ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local People ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Community Project ◽  
Community Projects

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to show the adaptation of participatory concept: “from passive to active community” which is the key point to achieve successes of the case study project – a cultural village in Tam Thanh, Tam Ky, Quang Nam, Vietnam. Its achievements result from the employment of three principal steps including identifying core issues in the community, creating changes in human perceptions and living conditions, and demanding operation and maintenance of the community further. The project can seem to be an outstanding showcase for the applicability and possibility of other community projects around Vietnam. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses the previous community projects developed in Vietnam. However, they are less effective for the community in long-term due to ignoring/underestimating the role of local people. The case study is an impoverished residential neighbourhood in Tam Thanh, Quang Nam. The authors along with the colleagues observed and conducted the workshops on site to understand the problems, values and expectations of people and the land. The paper likes as a summary for achievements and lessons extracted from that field study. The comparison to the previous projects shows the efficiency of participatory design with the active involvement of the local community. Findings The practical experiences to find successes for the community projects in Vietnam: collaboration of experts, architects, volunteers and local people; classification of roles for groups of participants; the involvement of the local government. engagement of a collaborative relationship with the community under the patience, comprehension and sympathy of all members of the community; and role of the architects involving the projects should be supported for people’s participation to come up with the idea instead of proposing strict ideas. Practical implications The appropriate approaches on the right subjects and right time are the key of successes and sufficiency for the community projects, particularly to the impoverished neighbourhoods or places with sensitive issues. The Tam Thanh village is a typical example and its experiences can be disseminated for the other projects. It indicates the active and respectful involvement of like-minded people (experts, volunteers, sponsors, managers and in particular local people) is very important to achieve the final expected destination in the purpose for/by/with the community. Social implications The huge effect of community projects is directly on the local people. The approaching and understanding them is challenging. An achievable community project is that the real needs of the people are provided; they are aware of their roles and benefits; and finally, the values are retained and developed sustainably in long term. The community projects are characterised by the participation of many people in many different stages: analysis, design and implementation. Therefore, for the experts, volunteers and managers, they learn to listen to the voice of the local people and to avoid the forced thoughts and underestimation of local people’s involvement. Originality/value The value of the study is that the nature of participatory design method is shown through activities and results of the community project in Tam Thanh. The delivery from theoretical features to practical works is not easy and needs observation and understanding of local culture and life. Depending on each specific location, the application of this design theory is flexible and adaptive. An idea for every project is initiation; however, the participation of local people is key to the project’s achievement.

scholarly journals Dampak Sosial Ekonomi Pariwisata Terhadap Pedagang Souvenir Di Daya Tarik Wisata Pura Gunung Kawi Tampaksiring Gianyar

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Ni Wayan Ariyoshi Sastra Ningsih ◽  
Ida Ayu Suryasih
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Local People ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Job Opportunity ◽  
Socio Economic Impact ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Good Attitude

The tourism grows fastly and attract more villagers and local organization to develop tourism industry in order to get an income for their own region. It should give benefits for local people, government and investors. Tourism is an activity that involves the local community, and also bring impacts to them.One of the of tourism sector is socio-economic. Socio-economic impact of tourism is generally focus on the change of sales, incomes, and employments. This research has been conduct in Gunung Kawi Temple, Tampaksiring, Gianyar. This research aims to determine the socio-conomic impacts of tourism toward souvenir sellers who are part of local people. The data are collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and literature study. The results of this study show that tourism activities in Gunung Kawi Temple give positive impacts toward the job opportunity and a good response from the souvenir sellers. However, the tourism development also brings negative impacts toward the price of products, and it becomes cheaper. This happen because they compete to sell the similiar products. In addition, they have an unfriendly attitude to offer their products to the tourists. The managers of this tourist attraction (in this case are local people and government) should improve the design of souvenir kiosks to make it more clean and beautiful to tourists. They should give more trainingto the seller about good attitude of selling products. They also should give motivations to handicraft makers to make them keep innovate and invent new products, therefore the product will be more varieted.   Keywords: Socio-Economic Impact of Tourism, Souvenir Sellers, Gunung   Kawi Temple

scholarly journals Innovative Community Tourism in Uganda

2016 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Kelly J. MacKay ◽  
J. Michael Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Local People ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Local Participation ◽  
Community Tourism ◽  
National Partnership ◽  
The Village

This paper illustrates an innovative approach to enhance rural livelihoods through community tourism in Uganda. Following pro-poor tourism principles of local participation and linking with existing systems, Gorilla Friends Tented Camp opened in Ruhija village, where mountain gorillas were recently habituated for gorilla tracking tours. In a village that had no previous tourist accommodations and few opportunities for villagers to earn income, a percentage of profits from Gorilla Friends Tented Camp are returned to support other livelihood enhancement initiatives in the village. While much of our previous research has focused on identifying and developing local capacity to participate meaningfully in Uganda’s tourism industry, attention must also be paid to tourists’ experiences at the site to ensure continued viability. Findings based on interviews with tourists to Ruhija illustrate the need for national partnership networks to support local community tourism. Additionally, understanding how tourists came to and experienced the community will assist the local people with sustainability of their operations and activities, and inform continued innovation in community tourism development in Ruhija.

Impact of large-scale agricultural investment on the livelihood assets of local community in Gambella region, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-383
Author(s):  
Amanuel Kussia Guyalo ◽  
Esubalew Abate Alemu ◽  
Degefa Tolossa Degaga
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local People ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Agricultural Investment ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe Ethiopian government is promoting large-scale agricultural investment in lowland regions of the country, claiming that the investment could improve livelihoods of the local people. The outcomes of the investment, however, have been a controversial issue in public and academic discourses. Particularly, studies that quantify the impact of such investment on the asset base of local people are extremely limited. The main purpose of this study is, therefore, to investigate the actual effect of the investment on the asset of the local people and inform policy decision.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs a quasi-experimental research design and a mixed research approach. Data were collected from 342 households drawn through a systematic sampling technique and analysed by using multiple correspondence analysis and propensity score matching.FindingsThe study finds that the investment has a significant negative impact on the wealth status of affected households and deteriorated their asset base.Practical implicationsThe results imply that inclusive and fair business models that safeguard the benefits of the investment hosting community and encourage a strong collaboration and synergy between the community and private investors are needed.Originality/valueThis study analyses the impact of large-scale agricultural investment on the asset of affected community based on various livelihood capital. In doing so, it significantly contributes to knowledge gap in the empirical literature. It also contributes to the ongoing academic and policy debates based on actual evidence collected from local community.

scholarly journals USAHA PONDOK WISATA SEBAGAI PENDUKUNG PARIWISATA BUDAYA BERKELANJUTAN DI DESA WISATA UBUD

2018 ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
I Made Agus Wiguna ◽  
I Made Adhika ◽  
I Nyoman Sukma Arida
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Local People ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Tourist Village ◽  
Main Support

Tourism are progressing and even expanding to some remote villages in Bali. Developing a tourist village is considered important since it engages local people in any tourism industry activities. The four elements of tourism, namely: tourist attraction, accessibility, amenities, and ancillary services are “must have” elements for a tourist destination in order to develop tourism in an area. One of the elements namely facilities (amenities) are providing tourists with their needs for accommodation and homestay as an ideal solution for tourist villages to engage local people (community-based tourism) in tourism industries. The purpose of this research is to identify the influence of cottage / homestay business managed by local community to develop a tourist village in Ubud. This study uses the theory of causality (the theory built by cause and effect), and the concept of sustainable tourism. The research method used is qualitative method, and the analysis used is SWOT analysis to identify the influence of homestay on the development of tourist village in Ubud. The results of this study show that the existence of homestay as a main support of sustainable cultural tourism greatly affect the development of tourist villages in Ubud area.

Community Development and Role of Tourism: A Case Study of Tourist Destination Manali in Himachal Pradesh (India)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
Agriculture Products

Tourism sector has a significant role in the economic development of our country. Tourism sector has contributed 6.88 percent to the GDP and has 12.36 percent share in employment (direct and indirect) in the year 2014. It has also a significant share in foreign exchange earnings. The benefit of tourism mostly goes to the local community (Sonya & Jacqueline, Mansour E. Zaei & Mahin E. Zaei, 2013). In this paper, an attempt has been made to assess how the tourism industry has created an opportunity for the economic, political, social and cultural development of the local community at Manali in Himachal Pradesh (India) and also tried to study the problems that are associated with the tourism in the region. The study found that the tourism industry has been extending its contribution for the development of local community at Manali. It has been providing employment, business and investment opportunities, revenue generation for the government, encouraging the community to promote and preserve its art, culture and heritage, raising the demand of agriculture products, provided opportunities for local people to run and work in the transport business and by promoting MSMEs in the region. Besides the opportunities, the tourism industry has also added many problems to the local community. Traffic congestion, increase in water and air pollution, solid waste generation, degradation of the cultural heritage, ecological imbalances, rise in cost of living, increase in crime, noise and environment pollution, migration of people to the region, negative impact on local culture, and extra pressure on civic services during the tourists season, are the problems associated with the tourism. The study suggest that effective management of natural resources, dissemination of environment protection information, involvement of local community in decision making, professionalization in the working of local administration, extending the support of government in sponsoring the events, infrastructure development, tracking records of migrants with the help of local community to curb the crime rate, promotion and preservation of art, culture and heritage, involvement of NGOs, compliance of the rules can make tourism more beneficial in the development of local community.

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