Forcing the limits — Peak voltage extension for floating buck controller

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlad Anghel ◽  
Gheorghe Pristavu ◽  
Gheorghe Brezeanu
Keyword(s):  
Peak Voltage

scholarly journals Design of the Class-E Power Amplifier with Finite DC Feed Inductance under Maximum-Rating Constraints

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3727
Author(s):  
Ingrid Casallas ◽  
Carlos-Ivan Paez-Rueda ◽  
Gabriel Perilla ◽  
Manuel Pérez ◽  
Arturo Fajardo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Factor ◽  
Power Amplifier ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Circuit Simulation ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Resonant Circuit ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Peak Voltage ◽  
Supply Current ◽  
Class E

This paper proposes an analytical expression set to determine the maximum values of currents and voltages in the Class-E Power Amplifier (PA) with Finite DC-Feed Inductance (FDI) under the following assumptions—ideal components (e.g., inductors and capacitors with infinite quality factor), a switch with zero rise and fall commutation times, zero on-resistance, and infinite off-resistance, and an infinite loaded quality factor of the output resonant circuit. The developed expressions are the average supply current, the RMS (Root Mean Square) current through the DC-feed inductance, the peak voltage and current in the switch, the RMS current through the switch, the peak voltages of the output resonant circuit, and the peak voltage and current in the PA load. These equations were obtained from the circuit analysis of this ideal amplifier and curve-fitting tools. Furthermore, the proposed expressions are a useful tool to estimate the maximum ratings of the amplifier components. The accuracy of the expressions was analyzed by the circuit simulation of twelve ideal amplifiers, which were designed to meet a wide spectrum of application scenarios. The resulting Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of the maximum-rating constraints estimation was 2.64%.

scholarly journals Development of a High Peak Voltage Picoseconds Avalanche Transistor Based Marx Bank Circuit

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 64844-64851
Author(s):  
Renjie He ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Zhennan Liu ◽  
Jiahao Jin ◽  
Zhengchun Sun
Keyword(s):  
High Peak ◽  
Peak Voltage

scholarly journals Double-Deck Metal Solenoids 3D Integrated in Silicon Wafer for Kinetic Energy Harvester

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Nianying Wang ◽  
Ruofeng Han ◽  
Changnan Chen ◽  
Jiebin Gu ◽  
Xinxin Li
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Wafer Level ◽  
Peak Voltage ◽  
Silicon Mold ◽  
Casting Technique

A silicon-chip based double-deck three-dimensional (3D) solenoidal electromagnetic (EM) kinetic energy harvester is developed to convert low-frequency (<100 Hz) vibrational energy into electricity with high efficiency. With wafer-level micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) fabrication to form a metal casting mold and the following casting technique to rapidly (within minutes) fill molten ZnAl alloy into the pre-micromachined silicon mold, the 300-turn solenoid coils (150 turns for either inner solenoid or outer solenoid) are fabricated in silicon wafers for saw dicing into chips. A cylindrical permanent magnet is inserted into a pre-etched channel for sliding upon external vibration, which is surrounded by the solenoids. The size of the harvester chip is as small as 10.58 mm × 2.06 mm × 2.55 mm. The internal resistance of the solenoids is about 17.9 Ω. The maximum peak-to-peak voltage and average power output are measured as 120.4 mV and 43.7 μW. The EM energy harvester shows great improvement in power density, which is 786 μW/cm3 and the normalized power density is 98.3 μW/cm3/g. The EM energy harvester is verified by experiment to be able to generate electricity through various human body movements of walking, running and jumping. The wafer-level fabricated chip-style solenoidal EM harvesters are advantageous in uniform performance, small size and volume applications.

scholarly journals Design and Analysis of a While-Drilling Energy-Harvesting Device Based on Piezoelectric Effect

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1266
Author(s):  
Jun Zheng ◽  
Bin Dou ◽  
Zilong Li ◽  
Tianyu Wu ◽  
Hong Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Piezoelectric Material ◽  
Longitudinal Vibration ◽  
Coupling Model ◽  
Energy Harvest ◽  
Peak Voltage ◽  
Piezoelectric Patch ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Piezoelectric Coupling ◽  
Continuous Power

A while-drilling energy harvesting device is designed in this paper to recovery energy along with the longitudinal vibration of the drill pipes, aiming to serve as a continuous power supply for downhole instruments during the drilling procedure. Radial size of the energy harvesting device is determined through the drilling engineering field experience and geological survey reports. A piezoelectric coupling model based on the selected piezoelectric material was established via COMSOL Multiphysics numerical simulation. The forced vibration was analyzed to determine the piezoelectric patch length range and their best installation positions. Modal analysis and frequency response research indicate that the natural frequency of the piezoelectric cantilever beam increased monotonously with the increase of the piezoelectric patch’ thickness before reaching an inflection point. Moreover, the simulation results imply that the peak voltage of the harvested energy varied in a regional manner with the increase of the piezoelectric patches. When the thickness of the piezoelectric patches was 1.2–1.4 mm, the designed device gained the best energy harvest performance with a peak voltage of 15–40 V. Works in this paper provide theoretical support and design reference for the application of the piezoelectric material in the drilling field.

Flexible Carbon-Based Nanogenerators

2015 ◽  
Vol 1782 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ning-Qin Deng ◽  
He Tian ◽  
Qing-Tang Xue ◽  
Zhe Wang ◽  
Hai-Ming Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Peak Voltage ◽  
Energy Depletion ◽  
Multiwall Carbon

ABSTRACTNanogenerators (NGs) have great potential to solve the problems of energy depletion and environmental pollution. Here, two types of flexible nanogenerators (FNGs) based on graphene oxide (GO) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MW-CNTs) are presented. The peak output voltage and current of GO based FNG reached up to 2 V and 30 nA, respectively, under 15 N force at 1 Hz. Moreover, the output voltage could be improved to 34.4 V when the frequency was increased to 10 Hz. It was also found the output voltage increased from 0.1 V to 2.0 V using a released GO structure. The other FNG was made by MW-CNTs mixed with ZnO nanoparticles (NPs). Its output voltage and power reached up to 7.5 V and 18.75 mW, respectively, which is much larger than that of bare ZnO based FNG. Furthermore, a peak voltage of 30 V could be gained by stamping one’s foot on the FNG. Finally, a modified NG was fabricated using four springs and two flexible layers. As a result, the voltage and power reached up to 9 V and 27mW, respectively. These works may bring out broad applications in energy harvesting.

Degradation of Organophosphorus Pesticide in a Packed-Bed Plasma Reactor: Effects of Operating Parameters and Kinetics Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 1637-1645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Jun Ma ◽  
Yi Qing Xu
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Plasma Reactor ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticide ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Pulse Frequency ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Peak Voltage ◽  
Initial Concentration

The degradation effectiveness and reaction kinetics of representative organophosphorus (OP) pesticide in a packed-bed plasma reactor have been studied. Important parameters, including peak voltage, pulse frequency, gas-flow rate, initial concentration, diameter of catalyst particles, and thickness of catalyst bed which influences the removal efficiency, were investigated. Experimental results indicated that rogor removal efficiency as high as 80% can be achieved at 35 kV with the gas flow rate of 800 mL/min and initial concentration of 11.2 mg/m3.The removal efficiency increased with the increase of pulsed high voltage, and pulse frequency, the decrease of the diameter of catalyst particles and the thickness of catalyst bed. Finally, a model was established to predict the degradation of the rogor, which generally can simulate the experimental measurements to some degree.

scholarly journals A framework of current based defibrillation improves defibrillation efficacy of biphasic truncated exponential waveform in rabbits

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiming Li ◽  
Jingru Li ◽  
Liang Wei ◽  
Jianjie Wang ◽  
Li Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Duration ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Shock Duration ◽  
Peak Voltage ◽  
Peak Current ◽  
High Impedance ◽  
Shock Impedance ◽  
Energy Peak ◽  
The Right

AbstractDefibrillation is accomplished by the passage of sufficient current through the heart to terminate ventricular fibrillation (VF). Although current-based defibrillation has been shown to be superior to energy-based defibrillation with monophasic waveforms, defibrillators with biphasic waveforms still use energy as a therapeutic dosage. In the present study, we propose a novel framework of current-based, biphasic defibrillation grounded in transthoracic impedance (TTI) measurements: adjusting the charging voltage to deliver the desired current based on the energy setting and measured pre-shock TTI; and adjusting the pulse duration to deliver the desired energy based on the output current and intra-shock TTI. The defibrillation efficacy of current-based defibrillation was compared with that of energy-based defibrillation in a simulated high impedance rabbit model of VF. Cardiac arrest was induced by pacing the right ventricle for 60 s in 24 New Zealand rabbits (10 males). A defibrillatory shock was applied with one of the two defibrillators after 90 s of VF. The defibrillation thresholds (DFTs) at different pathway impedances were determined utilizing a 5-step up-and-down protocol. The procedure was repeated after an interval of 5 min. A total of 30 fibrillation events and defibrillation attempts were investigated for each animal. The pulse duration was significantly shorter, and the waveform tilt was much lower for the current-based defibrillator. Compared with energy-based defibrillation, the energy, peak voltage, and peak current DFT were markedly lower when the pathway impedance was > 120 Ω, but there were no differences in DFT values when the pathway impedance was between 80 and 120 Ω for current-based defibrillation. Additionally, peak voltage and the peak current DFT were significantly lower for current-based defibrillation when the pathway impedance was < 80 Ω. In sum, a framework of adjusting the charging voltage and shock duration to deliver constant energy for low impedance and constant current for high impedance via pre-shock and intra-shock impedance measurements, greatly improved the defibrillation efficacy of high impedance by lowering the energy DFT.

Distortionless data transmission with minimum peak voltage

1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 470-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Amoroso ◽  
M. Montagnana
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Peak Voltage

Bone Mineral Density Attenuation in Obstructive Sleep Apnea by Derived Computed Tomography Screening

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Daniel ◽  
Yafit Cohen-Freud ◽  
Ilan Shelef ◽  
Ariel Tarasiuk
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Peak Voltage ◽  
Arousal Index ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Abstract The association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and bone mineral density (BMD) is poorly elucidated with contradictory findings. We retrospectively explored the association between OSA and BMD by examining abdominal computed tomography (CT) vertebrae images using clinical information. We included 315 subjects (174 with OSA and 141 without OSA) who performed at least two CT scans (peak voltage of 120 kV). Bone mineral density was attenuated in those with OSA and increased age. BMD attenuation was not associated with the apnea–hypopnea score, nocturnal oxygen saturation, or arousal index. A multivariate linear regression indicated that OSA is associated with BMD attenuation after controlling for age, gender, and cardiovascular diseases. Here, we report that OSA is associated with BMD attenuation. Further studies are required to untangle the complex affect of OSA on BMD loss and possible clinical implication of vertebra depressed fracture or femoral neck fracture.

Numerical investigation of an anti-icing method on airfoil based on the NSDBD plasma actuator

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junjie Niu ◽  
Weimin Sang ◽  
Feng Zhou ◽  
Dong Li
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Model ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Pulse Repetition Frequency ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Pulse Frequency ◽  
Plasma Actuator ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Peak Voltage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Naca0012 Airfoil

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the anti-icing performance of the nanosecond dielectric barrier discharge (NSDBD) plasma actuator. Design/methodology/approach With the Lagrangian approach and the Messinger model, two different ice shapes known as rime and glaze icing are predicted. The air heating in the boundary layer over a flat plate has been simulated using a phenomenological model of the NSDBD plasma. The NSDBD plasma actuators are planted in the leading edge anti-icing area of NACA0012 airfoil. Combining the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations and the phenomenological model, the flow field around the airfoil is simulated and the effects of the peak voltage, the pulse repetition frequency and the direction arrangement of the NSDBD on anti-icing performance are numerically investigated, respectively. Findings The agreement between the numerical results and the experimental data indicates that the present method is accurate. The results show that there is hot air covering the anti-icing area. The increase of the peak voltage and pulse frequency improves the anti-icing performance, and the direction arrangement of NSDBD also influences the anti-icing performance. Originality/value A numerical strategy is developed combining the icing algorithm with the phenomenological model. The effects of three parameters of NSDBD on anti-icing performance are discussed. The predicted results show that the anti-icing method is effective and may be helpful for the design of the anti-icing system of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

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