Higher nitrogen and phosphorus immobilization in bioflocs is associated with higher temperature and increased suspended solids in shrimp farming with biofloc technology

Suspended solids are an important part of lake ecosystems, and their nitrogen and phosphorus contents have a significant effect on water quality. However, information on nitrogen and phosphorus forms in suspended solids remains limited. Therefore, a case study was conducted in Lihu Lake (China), a lake with characteristically high amounts of suspended solids. Nitrogen and phosphorus speciation in suspended solids was analyzed through a sequential extraction method. We also evaluated the sources of various forms of nitrogen and phosphorus and their different effects on eutrophication. The total nitrogen (TN) content was 758.9–3098.1 mg/kg. Moreover, the proportions of various N forms in the suspended solids of the study areas were ranked as follows: Hydrolyzable nitrogen (HN) > residual nitrogen (RN) > exchangeable nitrogen (EN). Total phosphorus (TP) ranged from 294.8 to 1066.4 mg/kg, and 58.6% of this TP was inorganic phosphorus (IP). In turn, calcium (Ca)-bound inorganic phosphorus (Ca-Pi) was the main component of IP. The correlation between various nitrogen and phosphorus forms showed that there were different sources of suspended nitrogen and phosphorus throughout Lihu Lake. Correlation analysis of water quality indices and comparative analysis with surface sediments showed that in Lihu Lake, the dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus contents in water were influenced by sediment through diffusion, while particle phosphorus content in water was influenced by suspended solids through adsorption; however, due to the higher phosphorus contents in suspended solids, we should pay more attention to the impact of suspended solids.

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Assessment of nitrogen and phosphorus removal in an intermittently aerated sequencing batch reactor (IASBR) and a sequencing batch reactor (SBR)

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2013.190 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

pp. 400-405 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Min Pan ◽

Tianhu Chen ◽

Zhenhu Hu ◽

Xinmin Zhan

Keyword(s):

Phosphorus Removal ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽

Batch Reactor ◽

Ammonium Nitrogen ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽

P Release ◽

Removal Efficiencies ◽

Biological Nitrogen

Biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal was investigated in an intermittently aerated sequencing batch reactor (IASBR) and a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The removal efficiencies of ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N) were 100% in both reactors in steady operation state. The total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiencies were 90.4% in the IASBR and 79.3% in the SBR, while the total phosphorus (TP) removal efficiencies were 88.8% in the IASBR and 82.3% in the SBR. The efficiencies of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) were 90.4% in the IASBR and 79.3% in the SBR, indicating that the IASBR was more efficient than the SBR in SND. The sludge in the IASBR had a P release capability of 16.6 mg P/g VSS (volatile suspended solids) but only 7.5 mg P/g VSS in the SBR.

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Badania modelowe skuteczności oczyszczania ścieków w piasku średnim z warstwą wspomagającą z hydro-antracytu

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska ◽

10.22630/pniks.2019.28.2.24 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 257-267

Author(s):

Marek Kalenik

Keyword(s):

Total Nitrogen ◽

Total Phosphorus ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Phosphorus Compounds ◽

Medium Sand ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Sand Soil ◽

Reduction Efficiency ◽

Sewage Purification

The model investigations of sewage purification were carried out in a medium sand bed with an assisting hydro-anthracite layer with thickness of 0.10 and 0.20 m. It has been observed that the effectiveness of sewage purification related to basic qualitative parameters (total suspended solids – TSS, BOD5, COD, total nitrogen, total phosphorus) is in accordance with the Polish standards on sewage disposal into grounds and surface water. It has been stated that the medium sand soil bed with the 0.20-meter thick assisting hydro-anthracite layer shows higher effectiveness of sewage purification than the 0.10 m thick assisting layer. This application in the medium sand soil bed increased the removal efficiency regarding TSS by 3.1%, total nitrogen by 29.4%, ammonia nitrogen by 1.2% and total phosphorus by 23.0%, and reduction efficiency regarding BOD5 by 1.5% and COD by 11.3% with relation to the 0.10-meter thick assisting hydro-anthracite layer (all percentages – in average). The investigations confirm that the hydro-anthracite with the granulation of 1.8–2.5 mm can be used to assist in removal of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds from sewages

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Phytoremediation Potential of Typha orientalis and Scirpus littoralis in Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Intensive Whiteleg Shrimp Wastewater

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20186804003 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 68 ◽

pp. 04003

Author(s):

Ngo Thuy Diem Trang ◽

Lam Thi Nhu Mo ◽

Vo Chi Linh ◽

Hans Brix

Keyword(s):

Rapid Development ◽

Mekong Delta ◽

Water Levels ◽

Shrimp Farming ◽

Growth Responses ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Shrimp Culture ◽

Waterlogged Condition ◽

Typha Orientalis ◽

Whiteleg Shrimp

The rapid development of whiteleg shrimp farming in the Mekong delta of Vietnam has an adverse impact on the environment due to large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus content in wastewater and pond sludge/sediment. Phytoremediation is a promising technique to use plant for mitigating environmental impacts from intensively whiteleg shrimp culture. Growth responses, nitrogen and phosphorus removal of Typha orientalis and Scirpus littoralis were assessed at three water levels of +15 cm, +30 cm and +45 cm. They were arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. The plants were supplied wastewater from intensive whiteleg shrimp tanks once every two weeks. Waterlogged assessment was conducted for 71 days. Water levels significantly affected plant growth rate and nutrient removal capacity. S. littoralis grew well with a lower mortality rate and had no statistical reduction of biomass compared to T. orientalis at the highest water level of +45 cm. T. orientalis had the best perfromance in growth and biomass responses to waterlogged at water levels of +15 cm and +30 cm. The results indicated that S. littoralis was the best of choice to grow in waterlogged condition of the shrimp pond for maintaining water quality.

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Post-treatment of anaerobic effluents in constructed wetland systems

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2001.0226 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 213-219 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

J. T. de Sousa ◽

A. C. van Haandel ◽

A. A.V. Guimarães

Keyword(s):

Suspended Solids ◽

Control Unit ◽

Coarse Sand ◽

Post Treatment ◽

Uasb Reactor ◽

Municipal Sewage ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Treatment Unit ◽

Hydraulic Load ◽

Pre Treatment

This papers describes the behaviour of wetlands as a post-treatment unit for anaerobically treated sewage for the removal of organic matter, suspended solids, nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and faecal coliforms. Raw sewage was treated in a UASB reactor with a retention time of 5 h and the effluent was used in four units of wetlands with coarse sand as the medium and operated with different hydraulic loads. Three of the units had emerging macrophytes (Juncus sp), whereas the fourth one was operated as a control unit without plants. During the 12 months of operation, the organic material removal efficiency (measured as COD) was in the range of 79 to 85%, whereas suspended solids removal varied from 48 to 71%. Faecal coliform removal was very high (99,99%); phosphorus was also efficiently removed (average efficiency of 90% for the lowest hydraulic load), but nitrogen removal was only partial (45 to 70% for ammonia and 47 to 70% for TKN). The experimental results clearly show the technical feasibility of using wetlands for treatment of municipal sewage after a pre-treatment in the UASB reactor.

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Performance of constructed wetland systems treating anerobic effluents

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2003.0415 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 48 (6) ◽

pp. 295-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

J.T. de Sousa ◽

A. van Haandel ◽

E.P.C. Lima ◽

A.V.A. Guimaraes

Keyword(s):

Removal Efficiency ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Carbonaceous Material ◽

Uasb Reactor ◽

First Year ◽

Faecal Coliforms ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Operational Conditions ◽

Operation Period ◽

Hydraulic Load

The purpose of this present paper is to verify the performance of three wetland systems operated with effluents from a UASB reactor, with respect nutrient removal (nitrogen and phosphorus), pathogenic organisms and remaining carbonaceous material, monitored over a three-year period. The experiment was carried out and monitored at PROSAB (Programa de Saneamento Básico) in Campina Grande, Para'ba. The removal efficiency of the carbonaceous material expressed in DQO ranged from 70 to 86%, but concerning the total suspended solids, the efficiency ranged from 50 to 71%. The removal efficiency in terms of nitrogen and phosphorus of both vegetated systems was about 65.5 to 86%, respectively, during the first year of operation. Under the operational conditions of the experiment, the removal of phosphorus in a wetland system containing washed sand as the substratum decreased, as its operation period increased. The vegetated wetland has been the most efficient in removing faecal coliforms (roughly 4 log units) as compared to the non-vegetated one (about 3 log units), when both were operated with the same hydraulic load (2.3 cm. per day). Thus, the effluent produced over the three-year period ranged from 800 to 1,800 UFC/100 mL in the analyzed samples.

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Characterization of Organic Wastes and Effects of Their Application on the Soil

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v10n6p291 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 291

Author(s):

Lucas De Sousa Oliveira ◽

Mirian Cristina Gomes Costa ◽

Henrique Antunes de Souza ◽

Julius Blum ◽

Gustavo Henrique da Silva Albuquerque ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Elements ◽

Small Ruminants ◽

Sodium Content ◽

Organic Wastes ◽

Shrimp Farming ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Organic Carbon Content ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Nutrient Contents ◽

Semi Arid Region

The agricultural farming activities generate organic waste whose indiscriminate deposition can be prejudicial to the environment. However, careful application of these wastes as organic fertilizers it is a possibility to improve soil fertility. This study aimed to confirm the hypotheses that organic wastes produced in various production chains in the semi-arid region of Ceará have contents of nutrients that give them potential as organic fertilizers and, since they are used as organic fertilizers, these residues improve the chemical soil attributes. Nutrient contents were determined at the laboratory and then the wastes were placed in decomposition bags and applied in a Fluvic Neosol. Soil samples were collected in the 0-0.10 m layer 90 days after wastes were applied. The residues presented nutrient contents that allow their use as organic fertilizers, except the shrimp farming residue that presented sodium content above that allowed by legislation, resulting also in higher element contents in the soil. In addition, the shrimp farming showed the lowest organic carbon content in relation to others chemical elements. The residues of the poultry industry and the compound made with residues of small ruminants presented the highest of nitrogen and phosphorus levels. The carnauba residue was associated with phosphorus immobilization because it presented C/P ratio higher than 300.

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