“Make them mature properly”: Protective restriction of children from the adult world in China's suburban schools

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Suburban Schools ◽  
Adult World

Changes in Cognitive Style: An Analysis of the Impact of White Suburban Schools on Inner-City Children

1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline M. Mahan ◽  
Thomas W. Mahan
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Suburban Schools ◽  
The Impact

The Suffering of the Perpetrators: The Ethics of Traumatic German Historicity in Karen Bass's Young Adult World War II Novels

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-77
Author(s):  
Doris Wolf
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Childhood Studies ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
World War ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Adult World ◽  
The Public Sphere

This paper examines two young adult novels, Run Like Jäger (2008) and Summer of Fire (2009), by Canadian writer Karen Bass, which centre on the experiences of so-called ordinary German teenagers in World War II. Although guilt and perpetration are themes addressed in these books, their focus is primarily on the ways in which Germans suffered at the hands of the Allied forces. These books thus participate in the increasingly widespread but still controversial subject of the suffering of the perpetrators. Bringing work in childhood studies to bear on contemporary representations of German wartime suffering in the public sphere, I explore how Bass's novels, through the liminal figure of the adolescent, participate in a culture of self-victimisation that downplays guilt rather than more ethically contextualises suffering within guilt. These historical narratives are framed by contemporary narratives which centre on troubled teen protagonists who need the stories of the past for their own individualisation in the present. In their evacuation of crucial historical contexts, both Run Like Jäger and Summer of Fire support optimistic and gendered narratives of individualism that ultimately refuse complicated understandings of adolescent agency in the past or present.

The Poverty of Policy: Examining Care Leaving Policy in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 234930032098239
Author(s):  
Anduamlak Molla Takele ◽  
Messay Gebremariam Kotecho ◽  
Philip Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Vulnerable Children ◽  
Child Policy ◽  
Policy Frameworks ◽  
The Status ◽  
Adult World ◽  
Care Leavers ◽  
Orphan And Vulnerable Children ◽  
Children In Care

International research consistently shows that young care leavers’ journey from care to emerging adulthood is characterised by adversities such as unemployment, poor academic performance, homelessness, involvement in criminal activities, mental illness and early parenthood. As research evidence points out, such negative outcomes are closely linked with the existence of multiple placements, lack of mentoring, limited connections with significant others, the absence of early preparation to leave care, and a dearth of or inadequate policy frameworks that entitle care leavers to use aftercare support schemes. In order to support care leavers’ transition from care to emerging adulthood, Global North countries have implemented an independent care leaving policy framework that serves as a scaffolding for challenges that would arise from care leavers’ exploration of the adult world upon leaving care. However, such experience in formulation of policy to empower care leavers to be an independent adult is not well developed in countries in Global South due to the infant nature of research on care leaving and a preference for addressing the issues of care leavers in the existing child policy frameworks rather than formulating a special policy that deals with care leaving. The status of Ethiopia in this regard is not different. Existing policy frameworks concerning children have failed to address the needs of Ethiopian care leavers despite the existence of over five million orphan and vulnerable children in the country most of whom are placed in institutional childcare centres. This article presents the case for an independent care leaving policy in Ethiopia to address the multifaceted needs of children in care and improve the care leaving service in the country. Thus, the study will shed light on the state of care leaving policy in the world and lessons for Ethiopia to support Ethiopia’s attempt to serve the most vulnerable children in care by developing its own care leaving policy.

scholarly journals Classroom Dust-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Jeddah Primary Schools, Saudi Arabia: Level, Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2779
Author(s):  
Mansour A. Alghamdi ◽  
Salwa K. Hassan ◽  
Noura A. Alzahrani ◽  
Marwan Y. Al Sharif ◽  
Mamdouh I. Khoder
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Urban Schools ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Residential Schools ◽  
Suburban Schools ◽  
Lifetime Cancer Risk ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Data concerning polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Jeddah’s schools, Saudi Arabia, and their implications for health risks to children, is scarce. Classroom air conditioner filter dusts were collected from primary schools in urban, suburban and residential areas of Jeddah. This study aimed to assess the characteristics of classroom-dust-bound PAHs and the health risks to children of PAH exposure. Average PAH concentrations were higher in urban schools than suburban and residential schools. Benzo (b)fluoranthene (BbF), benzo(ghi)perylene (BGP), chrysene (CRY) and Dibenz[a,h]anthracene (DBA) at urban and suburban schools and BbF, BGP, fluoranthene (FLT) and indeno (1, 2, 3, −cd)pyrene (IND) at residential schools were the dominant compounds in classroom dust. PAHs with five aromatic rings were the most abundant at all schools. The relative contribution of the individual PAH compounds to total PAH concentrations in the classroom dusts of schools indicate that the study areas do share a common source, vehicle emissions. Based on diagnostic ratios of PAHs, they are emitted from local pyrogenic sources, and traffic is the significant PAH source, with more significant contributions from gasoline-fueled than from diesel cars. Based on benzo[a]pyrene equivalent (BaPequi) calculations, total carcinogenic activity (TCA) for total PAHs represent 21.59% (urban schools), 20.99% (suburban schools), and 18.88% (residential schools) of total PAH concentrations. DBA and BaP were the most dominant compounds contributing to the TCA, suggesting the importance of BaP and DBA as surrogate compounds for PAHs in this schools. Based on incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCingestion, ILCRinhalation, ILCRdermal) and total lifetime cancer risk (TLCR)) calculations, the order of cancer risk was: urban schools > suburban schools > residential schools. Both ingestion and dermal contact are major contributors to cancer risk. Among PAHs, DBA, BaP, BbF, benzo(a)anthracene (BaA), benzo(k)fluoranthene (BkF), and IND have the highest ILCR values at all schools. LCR and TLCR values at all schools were lower than 10−6, indicating virtual safety. DBA, BaP and BbF were the predominant contributors to cancer effects in all schools.

Pediatric Surgery: The Long Road to Recognition

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 618-621
Author(s):  
C. Everett Koop
Keyword(s):  
General Surgery ◽  
Pediatric Surgery ◽  
Internship And Residency ◽  
The United States ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Surgery Training ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
Adult World ◽  
The University ◽  
General Surgery Training

Before 1946, when I completed my training in general surgery, I knew very little about the field that eventually became known as pediatric surgery. I knew that children did not get a fair shake in surgery; that was amply proved during my internship and residency. Surgical patients came from the adult world, and children had a difficult time competing with them. Surgeons in general were frightened of children, and they distrusted the ability of anesthetists to wake children up after putting them to sleep, a position not far from that of many anesthetists. The younger and smaller the patient, the more significant the hazard. I knew, also, that in the United States and in Europe, where some surgery of children was more successfully carried out, it fell usually into one of the specialties, especially orthopedics. In those days there was a need for such specialization in the treatment of diseases that are no longer problems: tuberculosis of the bone, osteomyelitis, and polio. I wish I could say that my knowledge of the sad state of child surgery as I saw it in Philadelphia made me determined to bring about changes for the better. Actually, during the last year of my general surgery training at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, I was invited to become surgeon in chief of the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Pediatric surgery was thrust upon me. Nevertheless, I was excited about the chance to make surgery safer for children, and I entered my career with that goal.

scholarly journals “Getting ready for the adult world”: how adults with spinal muscular atrophy perceive and experience healthcare, transition and well-being

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamish W. Y. Wan ◽  
Kate A. Carey ◽  
Arlene D’Silva ◽  
Nadine A. Kasparian ◽  
Michelle A. Farrar
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Healthcare Transition ◽  
Adult World

scholarly journals Emerging Adulthood: An Intersectional Examination of the Changing Life Course

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-33
Author(s):  
Shauna A. Morimoto
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Life Course ◽  
School Students ◽  
Identity Exploration ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Adult World ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Life Course

This article draws on qualitative data of U.S. high school students considering their place in the adult world; the purpose is to investigate Jeffrey Arnett’s (2000) concept of “emerging adulthood” as a new stage of life course. Drawing on interviews and observational data collected around the time when Arnett’s notion of emerging adulthood started to take hold, I use intersectional interpretive lens in order to highlight how race and gender construct emerging adulthood as high school students move out of adolescence. I consider Arnett’s thesis twofold. First, when emerging adulthood is examined intersectionally, young people reveal that – rather than being distinct periods that can simply be prolonged, delayed, or even reached – life stages are fluid and constantly in flux. Second, since efforts to mitigate against uncertain futures characterizes the Millennial generation, I argue that the process of guarding against uncertainty reorders, questions or reconfigures the characteristics and stages that conventionally serve as markers of life course. I conclude that the identity exploration, indecision, and insecurity associated with emerging adulthood can also be understood as related to how the youth reveal and reshape the life course intersectionally.

scholarly journals Komiksy Marzeny Sowy. Marzi opowiada o dzieciństwie w PRL-u

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 99-111
Author(s):  
Anna Podemska-Kałuża
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Contemporary Culture ◽  
Cultural Impact ◽  
Valuable Source ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
Adult World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Difficult Times ◽  
International Success

Marzena Sowa’s Comics. Marzi Talks About Childhood in PRLPolish screenwriter Marzena Sowa is the author of the comics’ cycle about Marzi, which was published in the years 2005–2011 and was an international success (the drawings prepared by Sylvain Savoia). The storiesabout the red-haired girl, the daughter of the workman and the resident of industrial city are the forms autobiographical, that show the reality of life in Poland in the 1980s. The prospect of a child, who is a careful observer of the adult world, has allowed the presentation of history of country in Central Europe at the end of communism. The cycle of Marzi presents an evocative picture of experience “last generation of PRL”, is the witness to the contemporary culture and the record of the struggles of society with the problems of everyday life in “difficult times”. Since its debut in 2005, the critic compares this comic diary from the time of puberty to the famous Persepolisof Marjane Satrapi. For the modern reader the books of Marzena Sowa is a valuable source of knowledge about Poland in the days of “Solidarity” and Lech Wałęsa, as well as the iconic comics that has a big power of social and cultural impact.

scholarly journals THE VIOLATION OF A TABOO: MODERN YOUNG ADULT IN THE SCHOOL LITERATURE PROGRAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
Elena A. Pogorelaya
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Young Adult Literature ◽  
Foreign Literature ◽  
Modern School ◽  
Teenagers And Young Adults ◽  
Adult World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Popular Texts

The article offers a variant of updating the modern school literature program by including modern texts aimed at “young adult literature”. In contrast to the foreign practice of publishing and discussing literature for teenagers and “young adults”, in which new children’s literature has long been working with the established taboos of the adult world (themes of death, sex, bullying in the collective, domestic violence, etc.), in Russia the value of such literature is a debatable issue, although a number of popular texts (P. Sanaev, N. Abgaryan, D. Sabitova et al.), obviously, correspond to this trend. Based on an experiment with grade 8 students, who were offered modern works of three thematic blocks (texts dedicated to unknown and tragic pages of the history of the XX century, family themes and topical issues of relations between peers), the potential of modern domestic and foreign literature young adult to encourage interested reading and dialogue with the student is shown. The article presents comments on excerpts from school essays, in which they tell about the texts they read and offer to include in the school course works that are understandable and close to the modern teenager.

scholarly journals Representation of Childhood in Advertising Discourse. A Case Study of the Advertising Industry in Chile

Comunicar ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (38) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Vergara-Leyton ◽  
Ana Vergara-del-Solar
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Moral Authority ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Santiago De Chile ◽  
Adult World ◽  
Advertising Discourse ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Advertising Content

This paper discusses the main characteristics of advertising discourse in relation to childhood and its engagement with children’s view of this stage of life, in line with «new social studies» and critical discourse analysis. This discussion seeks to complement the functionalist perspective of communication studies in the field of advertising content analysis by incorporating a discursive focus, taking into account contextual issues that may condition the interpretation of messages. Firstly, discourse analysis was used as a means of exploring social representations, identifying stereotypes employed in children's advertising in order to establish the possible functions of the message. To contrast these findings, group interviews were conducted with 10 and 11 year-old boys and girls from middle-income families in Santiago, Chile. A comparison of both findings reveals a complex and relational notion of childhood. Children see themselves as burdened by parents, and adulthood as an effective lack of liberty, where the archetypes reveal an image of the adult world as a state of loss with respect to the exercise of creativity, imagination and freedom. These archetypes correlate to children’s television output, where a number of shows ridicule the image of adults through irony and parody, presenting them as incompetent in their roles as parents and in their moral authority. El artículo analiza las principales características que presenta el discurso de la publicidad respecto de la infancia, y su relación con la perspectiva que los niños tienen de esta etapa de la vida, tomado como referencia los «nuevos estudios sociales» y el análisis crítico de discursos. Con esto, se busca complementar la perspectiva funcionalista de los estudios de comunicación en el ámbito del análisis de contenido, incorporando un enfoque discursivo que considere los aspectos contextuales, que puedan condicionar la interpretación de los mensajes publicitarios. El método utilizado, en una primera etapa, fue el análisis de discurso aplicado a la publicidad infantil, donde se establecieron las funciones posibles del mensaje, con el objetivo de explorar las representaciones sociales e identificar los estereotipos utilizados para generar estos espots publicitarios. En una segunda etapa, y para contrastar los hallazgos obtenidos, se realizaron entrevistas grupales a niños y niñas de estrato socio-económico medio de 10 y 11 años, de la ciudad de Santiago de Chile. Al confrontar ambos resultados, se destaca una noción compleja y relacional de infancia. Una visión de sí mismos como niños agobiados por los adultos y de la adultez como ausencia de libertad efectiva, y donde los arquetipos identificados, hablan de una imagen del mundo adulto como condición de pérdida respecto del ejercicio de la creatividad, la imaginación y la libertad. Estos arquetipos tienen su correlato en la oferta televisiva infantil, donde en buena parte de sus series, la imagen del adulto es ridiculizada a través de la ironía y la parodia, mostrándolos como poco competentes en sus roles de padres y en su autoridad moral.

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