The relationship between the respiratory quotient and the energy equivalent of oxygen during simultaneous glucose and lipid oxidation and lipogenesis

1987 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. GARBY ◽  
A. ASTRUP
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Respiratory Quotient ◽  
Energy Equivalent ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Appetite and blood glucose profiles in humans after glycogen-depleting exercise

1999 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 947-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen J. Melanson ◽  
Margriet S. Westerterp-Plantenga ◽  
L. Arthur Campfield ◽  
Wim H. M. Saris
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Respiratory Quotient ◽  
Moderate Exercise ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Glucose Profiles ◽  
Regulatory Functions ◽  
Glycogen Stores ◽  
The Relationship

Regulatory functions of glycogen stores and blood glucose on human appetite, particularly relating to exercise, are not fully understood. Ten men (age 20–31 yr) performed glycogen-depleting exercise in an evening, ate a low-carbohydrate dinner, and stayed overnight in the laboratory. The next day, blood glucose was monitored continuously for 517 ± 23 (SE) min. Subjects had access to high-fat and high-carbohydrate foods after baseline glucose and respiratory quotient were determined. In the afternoon, 1 h of moderate exercise was performed. Baseline respiratory quotient was 0.748 ± 0.008, plasma free fatty acids were 677 ± 123 μmol/l, insulin was 4.8 ± 0.5 μU/ml, and leptin was 1.9 ± 0.3 ng/ml. Postabsorptively, 8 of 10 meals were initiated during stability in blood glucose. Postprandially, the association between meal initiation and blood glucose declines became significant (χ2 = 7.82). During moderate exercise, blood glucose initially decreased but recovered before completion. When the glycogen buffer is depleted, meal initiation can occur during blood glucose stability; the relationship between blood glucose declines and meal initiation reestablishes with refeeding.

scholarly journals Association between Albumin-Bilirubin Grade and Non-Protein Respiratory Quotient in Patients with Chronic Liver Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Takata ◽  
Hiroki Nishikawa ◽  
Hirayuki Enomoto ◽  
Kazunori Yoh ◽  
Yoshinori Iwata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Quotient ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Chronic Liver Diseases ◽  
Optimal Cutoff ◽  
Optimal Cutoff Point ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
The Relationship

We sought to elucidate the relationship between albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade and non-protein respiratory quotient (npRQ) calculated by indirect calorimetry in chronic liver disease (CLD) patients (n = 601, median age = 63 years). Factors linked to npRQ < 0.85, which is reported to be an optimal cutoff point for the prognosis in liver cirrhosis (LC) patients, were also investigated using univariate and multivariate analyses. The median npRQ for all cases was 0.86. In total, 253 patients (42.1%) had npRQ < 0.85. The proportions of patients with npRQ < 0.85 in LC and non-LC patients were 51.9% (166/320) in LC patients and 31.0% (87/281) in non-LC patients (p < 0.0001). The median npRQ in ALBI grades 1, 2, and 3 for all cases were: 0.89, 0.85, and 0.82 (overall p < 0.0001). The proportions of patients with npRQ < 0.85 were 31.0% (71/229) in ALBI grade 1, 46.34% (152/328) in ALBI grade 2, and 68.18% (30/44) in ALBI grade 3 (overall p < 0.0001). In multivariate analyses of factors linked to npRQ < 0.85, ALBI grade 3 (p = 0.0095, hazard ratio = 3.242, ALBI grade 1 as a reference) was an independent predictor along with prothrombin time (p = 0.0139). In conclusion, ALBI grade can be a useful marker for npRQ in patients with CLDs.

scholarly journals Lipid oxidation induced by heating in chicken meat and the relationship with oxidants and antioxidant enzymes activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 1761-1767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Xiong ◽  
Muhan Zhang ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Daoying Wang ◽  
Chong Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Enzymes Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes Activities ◽  
The Relationship

The 24-hour respiratory quotient predicts energy intake and changes in body mass

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (3) ◽  
pp. R747-R754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth A. Longo ◽  
Soratree Charoenthongtrakul ◽  
Derek J. Giuliana ◽  
Elizabeth K. Govek ◽  
Thomas McDonagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Respiratory Quotient ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

To define the relationship between the respiratory quotient (RQ) and energy intake (EI) and to determine the impact of spontaneous locomotor activity (LMA) in the development of diet-induced obesity (DIO), we fed C57BL/6 mice a high-fat diet (HFD) for either 4 days or 17 wk and analyzed them using indirect calorimetry. Importantly, changes in body mass during calorimetry (Δ Mb) significantly covaried with RQ and EI; adjusting the data for Δ Mb permitted an analysis of the energy-balanced state. The 24-h RQ strongly predicted 24-h EI, and the slope of this relationship was diet dependent (HFD or chow) but independent of the HFD feeding period. Early-stage DIO was characterized by dark-period hyperphagia and fat storage, offset by greater light-period lipid oxidation; later stage DIO mice had a milder hyperphagia and lower substrate flexibility. Consequently, whereas 24-h RQ equaled the food quotient of the HFD in both early- and late-stage DIO, the range of RQ values was negatively correlated with, and mostly explained by, 24-h EI only in late-stage DIO. Lean and early-stage DIO mice had similar LMA values that were reduced in late-stage DIO. However, LMA significantly explained variance in total energy expenditure (EE) in only early-stage DIO mice. This indicated that the link between LMA and EE was a transient adaptive response to early DIO, whereas the later loss of LMA did not explain body weight gain in C57BL/6 DIO mice.

scholarly journals Correlation between CIELAB colour coordinates and malondialdehyde eqiuvalents in sausage with paprika stored under refrigerated conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
É. Varga-Visi ◽  
V. Kozma ◽  
A. Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Purchasing Decisions ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Cielab Colour ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Colour Coordinates

Abstract Sensory properties of foods mainly affect purchasing decisions. In case of sausages, deterioration of pigments of meat and spices cause discolouration, while lipid oxidation leads to the formation of off-odours, and these two processes are connected. Lipid oxidation promotes the conversion of pigments, while the formation of metmyoglobin accelerates lipid oxidation. The scope of the study was to investigate the relationship between the amount of malondialdehyde equivalents (MDA) and CIELAB colour coordinates in a Hungarian sausage with paprika, sliced and stored under refrigerated conditions for 10 weeks. We detected negative correlation (P < 0.001) between the MDA-level and a* and b*; and positive correlation (P < 0.001) between the MDA-level and L*. The observed correlation between MDA level and colour coordinates supports the assumption that the oxidation of lipids and pigments are interrelated in the case of sausage with paprika.

scholarly journals The respiratory quotient in relation to fat deposition in fattening–growing pigs

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Jakobsen ◽  
Grete Thorbekt
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Respiratory Quotient ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
The Common ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between non-protein respiratory quotient (RQnp) and total fat retention (RFAT) or fat retained from synthesized carbohydrates (RFAT(CHO)) was evaluated from experiments with fattening–growing pigs in the live weight (LW) range from 45 to 120 kg. A commercial feed compound (31 g fat/kg) was fed at low (LI) or high (HI) feed intake in Expt 1, while a semi-purified diet (9.5 g fat/kg) was given without (LO) or with (HO) supplement of 90 g soya-bean oil/kg in Expt 2. RQnp was calculated from 24 h measurements of the gas exchange, RFAT from 7 d N and C balances and RFAT(CHO) from differences between RFAT and digested fat. The measurements showed that about 85 % of the total gas exchange was caused by oxidation of non-protein nutrients and the RQnp varied from 1.00 to 1.34. In Expt 1 RFAT increased with LW from 46 to 141 and from 199 to 335 g/d on LI and HI respectively, whilst in Expt 2 RFAT increased from 191 to 377 and from 267 to 511 g/d on LO and HO respectively. A pronounced linearity was found between RQnp and RFAT for all diets, but the curve for Expt 2 on HO had a lower position than the common curve for the other diets. By relating RQnp to RFAT(CHO) a common linear curve and regression equation could be established in spite of the great variation in dietary composition, intake of fat and fat deposition.

Effect of insulin on glycerol production in obese adolescents

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (4) ◽  
pp. E737-E743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Childsy Robinson ◽  
William V. Tamborlane ◽  
David G. Maggs ◽  
Staffan Enoksson ◽  
Robert S. Sherwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Lipolytic Activity ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Euglycemic Hyperinsulinemic Clamp ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Oxidation Rates ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Adipose Mass

Impaired stimulation of glucose metabolism and reduced suppression of lipolytic activity have both been suggested as important defects related to the insulin resistance of adolescent obesity. To further explore the relationship between these abnormalities, we studied seven obese [body mass index (BMI) 35 ± 2 kg/m2] and seven lean (BMI 21 ± 1 kg/m2) adolescents aged 13–15 yr and compared them with nine lean adults (aged 21–27 yr, BMI 23 ± 1 kg/m2) during a two-step euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp in combination with 1) a constant [2H5]glycerol (1.2 mg ⋅ m−2 ⋅ min−1) infusion to quantify glycerol turnover and 2) indirect calorimetry to estimate glucose and net lipid oxidation rates. In absolute terms, basal glycerol turnover was increased and suppression by insulin was impaired in obese adolescents compared with both groups of lean subjects ( P < 0.01). However, when the rates of glycerol turnover were adjusted for differences in body fat mass, the rates were similar in all three groups. Basal plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations were significantly elevated, and the suppression by physiological increments in plasma insulin was impaired in obese adolescents compared with lean adults ( P < 0.05). In parallel with the high circulating FFA levels, net lipid oxidation in the basal state and during the clamp was also elevated in the obese group compared with lean adults. Net lipid oxidation was inversely correlated with glucose oxidation ( r = −0.50, P < 0.01). In conclusion, these data suggest that lipolysis is increased in obese adolescents (vs. lean adolescents and adults) as a consequence of an enlarged adipose mass rather than altered sensitivity of adipocytes to the suppressing action of insulin.

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