A study of glands on cotton responsible for the high pH and cation concentration of the leaf surface

1982 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
CAROLE J. ELLEMAN ◽  
PHILIP F. ENTWISTLE
2021 ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
В.В. Огнев ◽  
Т.В. Чернова ◽  
Е.И. Корсунов

Совершенствование технологий выращивания томата в весенних теплицах сопровождается изменением сортимента культуры. Все большее распространение получают гибриды индетерминантного типа. Основной целью исследований было изучение различных способов формировки растений гибридов томата с индетерминантным типом роста в весенних теплицах. Исследования проводили в 2018-2020 годах в Селекционно-семеноводческом центре «Ростовский» компании «Поиск», расположенном в Ростовской области. Материалом исследований служили гибриды томата с индетерминантным типом роста собственной селекции F1Армада, F1 Пегас, F1 Огневский и F1 Розовый фрегат. Опыты проводили в необогреваемых весенних теплицах ангарного типа с поликарбонатным светопрозрачным покрытием в грунтовой культуре. Почвогрунт – чернозем обыкновенный. Содержание основных элементов питания – высокое, рН почвенного раствора 7,0-7,2. Схема посадки растений 70×30 см, по 10 растений каждого варианта в четырехкратной повторности. Рассаду выращивали в разводочной теплице с пикировкой в пластиковые контейнеры. Возраст рассады перед высадкой – 55 дней. Рассаду высаживали в последней декаде апреля. Использовали общепринятые приемы ухода за растениями. Для полива и подкормок применяли капельную систему с фертигацией. Урожай убирали в несколько приемов по мере созревания плодов. Исследования показали, что формировка растений влияет на высоту растений и их облиственность. С увеличением количества оставленных побегов высота растений снижается, а площадь листовой поверхности увеличивается. Увеличение количества оставленных побегов приводит к возрастанию общего количества кистей на растении, но количество плодов, сформировавшихся в кисти, снижается, как и средняя масса плода на растении. Наиболее высокая продуктивность растений и их урожайность с единицы площади достигается при формировке в два стебля. И это характерно для всех гибридов вне зависимости от индивидуальных особенностей роста и развития. Improving the technology of growing tomatoes in spring greenhouses is accompanied by a change in the variety of crop. Hybrids of the indeterminant type are becoming more common. The main purpose of the research was to study different ways of forming plants of tomato hybrids with an indeterminant type of growth in spring greenhouses. The research was carried out in 2018-2020 at the Breeding Center in the Rostov region. The material for the research was tomato hybrids with an indeterminant type of growth of its own breeding F1 Armada, F1Pegas, F1 Ognevskiy and F1 Rozovy Fregat. Experiments were conducted in unheated spring greenhouses of hangar type with polycarbonate translucent coating in the soil culture. Substrate is ordinary black earth. The contents of the main elements of food - high, pH soil solution 7.0-7.2. Plant planting scheme 70×30 cm, 10 plants of each variant in four-fold. A fertigation drip system was used for watering and feeding. Harvest was carried out in several receptions as the fruit matured. Studies have shown that the formation of plants affects the height of plants and their obliging. As the number of shoots left, the height of the plants decreases and the area of the leaf surface increases. The increase in the number of abandoned shoots leads to an increase in the total number of brushes on the plant, but the number of fruits formed in the brush, decreases, as well as the average mass of the fruit on the plant. The highest productivity of plants and their yield from a unit of area is achieved when formed in 2 stems. And this is typical for all hybrids, regardless of individual features of growth and development.


Author(s):  
Christopher A. Miller ◽  
Bridget Carragher ◽  
William A. McDade ◽  
Robert Josephs

Highly ordered bundles of deoxyhemoglobin S (HbS) fibers, termed fascicles, are intermediates in the high pH crystallization pathway of HbS. These fibers consist of 7 Wishner-Love double strands in a helical configuration. Since each double strand has a polarity, the odd number of double strands in the fiber imparts a net polarity to the structure. HbS crystals have a unit cell containing two double strands, one of each polarity, resulting in a net polarity of zero. Therefore a rearrangement of the double strands must occur to form a non-polar crystal from the polar fibers. To determine the role of fascicles as an intermediate in the crystallization pathway it is important to understand the relative orientation of fibers within fascicles. Furthermore, an understanding of fascicle structure may have implications for the design of potential sickling inhibitors, since it is bundles of fibers which cause the red cell distortion responsible for the vaso-occlusive complications characteristic of sickle cell anemia.


2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
NAVALSINGH J. TODAWAT

Sooty mould diseases of Tress from Aurangabad district were surveyed. During the survey of tress, 5 species were found infected by fungal pathogens causing sooty mould diseases. Disease is easily identifiable by the presence of a black, velvety growth covering the leaf surface area. The fungus produces mycelium which is superficial and dark grows on the flowers, leaf, stem and sometime on fruits also. The severity of disease depends on the honeydew secretions by insects. The diseases were found to be caused by 5 species of fungi viz. Capnodium anonae, C. ramosum, Capnodium sp., Meliola bangalorensis and Meliola ranganthii.


2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sobhy I. I. Abdel-Hafez ◽  
Kamal A. M. Abo-Elyousr ◽  
Ismail R. Abdel-Rahim

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvey E. Kennedy ◽  
Roger M. Krinard
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
M. G. Markova ◽  
E. N. Somova

Work on going through the adaptation stage of rooted micro-stalks comes down to searching for new growth regulators and studying the influence of external conditions, which include, among other things, light effects. The data of 2018-2019 on the effect of growth regulators Siliplant, EcoFus and experimental LED phytoradiators on the adaptation of rooted micro-stalks of garden strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa duch) in vivo are presented. The object of research is rooted micro-stalks of garden strawberries of the Korona variety. It was revealed that, at the adaptation stage of rooted micro-stalks of strawberries, the most effective was the treatment of plants by spraying with Siliplant at a concentration of 1.0 ml/l and the combined treatment with Siliplant and EcoFus at concentrations of 0.5 ml/l: regardless of lighting, the survival rate averaged 99.4 - 99.7%, the leaf surface area increased significantly from 291.85 mm2 to 334.4 mm2. The number of normally developed leaves of strawberry microplants increased significantly after treatment with all preparations from 3.5 to 6.0, 5.8 and 6.5 pcs/plant, and a significant increase in the height of strawberry rosettes was facilitated by treatment with Siliplant and Siliplant together with EcoFus. Regardless of growth regulators, the most effective was the experimental LED phyto-irradiator with a changing spectrum, which contributed to an increase in leaf surface area, height of rosettes and the number of normally developed leaves in strawberry microplants. When illuminated with a flashing phytoradiator, these indicators are lower than in the control version, but not significantly. By the end of the rooting stage, all microplants of garden strawberries corresponded to GOST R 54051-2010.


Author(s):  
A. A. Torop ◽  
V. V. Chaykin ◽  
E. A. Torop ◽  
I. S. Brailova ◽  
S. A. Kuzmenko

We compared peculiarities of the production process of the older and modern(created 80 years after) sorts of winter rye. It is determined that the specific coenotic productivity of a modern sort is 60.6% higher.This increase is due to higher number of productive sprouts per unit area and higher sprout weight. The coenosis of modern sorts is highly resistant to lodging. The modern sort has a 33.5% higher leaf surface index and a 17.7% higher share of the leaves in the upper tier, differing in their erectile orientation in space. As for the content of total chlorophyll in the dry matter of leaves and vagina, the modern sort is inferior to the older by 30.2%during theearing period, and by 17.5%during the milky-wax ripeness period.As for the content of total chlorophyll in the sowing area, the compared sorts were practically the same, but the ratio between chlorophyll a and c was noticeably different. As for the chlorophyll content in stems, in dry matter and in the area of ​​sowing, the modern sort is inferior by1.5 times and more to the older in both observation terms. The sorts differed in the biomass accumulation and its distribution between the parts during the vegetation period. To establish the ear productivity, the older sort used only the current photosynthesis products.In conditions of an unfavorable growth year, the modern sort used previously accumulated by leaves and re-utilized assimilates. The actual and potential productivity of an ear in a modern sort is higher by 77.4 and 68.0%, respectively, but the degree of its vegetative mass supply is lower by 48.6%.Only due to the higher, by 77.4%, utilization of the mass of the sprout, the modern sort binds a greater number of grains in the ear with a higherseparate mass.Since the sharp increase in the ear productivity potential was not accompanied by the same growth of the sprout vegetative mass, the modern sort, in unfavorable conditions for growth, has tensions in the relation system between the sprout vegetative mass and pouring grain. This may be the reason of the unstable achievedyield level.


2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rawati Panjaitan

Mites have hostplant specifications or host plants. Mites can be destructive and deadly of which is the host plants a mango crop. Mites on mango crops will cause the leaves yellow and fall off prematurely. This is will lead to the disruption of the productivity of mango. It is necessary for research to identify the mites that infect the mango crop. The method is carried out by direct observation. Mites were taken from the surface of mango leaves later in preservation with several levels of concentration of alcohol, and polyvinyl laktofenol. Then, observed under a microscope and documented for identification purposes. Mites on the leaf surface of manalagi mango (<em>Mangifera indica</em>) found two species, it is <em>Oligonychus</em> sp. and <em>Oligonychus ilicis</em> (Family: Tetranychidae, Superfamily: Tetranychoidea). <em>Oligonychus</em> sp. hallmark is rounded body shape like a spider, with a body is transparent and there are two long seta on posterior part. While <em>Oligonychus ilicis</em> has a characteristic elongated rounded body shape, red, and there is a short posterior seta. <em>Oligonychus</em> sp. and <em>Oligonychus ilicis</em> live as parasites on the surface of mango leaves that can lead to wrinkled leaves, yellow and to fall. <em>Oligonychus</em> life cycle starts from the eggs develop into Nympha and then adult.


2017 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 274-280
Author(s):  
A. D. Potemkin ◽  
Yu. S. Mamontov ◽  
N. S. Gamova

Study of selected specimens of Gymnomitrion collected by D. G. Long in Yunnan, China, revealed a new species, G. fissum Mamontov et Potemkin, sp. nov., with a fissured leaf surface. Comparison of SEM images of the leaf surface and leaf cross sections shows that the leaf surface of G. fissum is different from that of other known species with a superficially similar leaf surface, i. e. Mylia taylorii, M. verrucosa s. l. and Trabacellula tumidula. It has fissures around the cell lumen rather than grids and perforations. Outer cell walls of Gymnomitrion fissum are much thicker than in Mylia taylorii, M. verrucosa s. l. and Trabacellula tumidula, and their outer layers tend to be partly or completely caducous. G. fissum is related to the group of species assigned to the former genus Apomarsupella.


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