How do Plant Morphological Characteristics, Species Composition and Richness Regulate Eco-hydrological Function?

Field surveys were conducted during the cropping season of 2010-2011 to assess the distribution of Sugarcane stem borer species in 12 AEZs of Bangladesh. These surveys documented abundance and their distribution and results clearly showed the existence of the stem borer at all locations surveyed, but with a higher incidence in the Atwary (36%) and initiation of infestation was observed on 20 May. Stem borer incidence and distribution varied significantly among the different locations. Second highest rate of infestation (32%) was recorded in Bashudebpur followed by Dinajpur (31%), Pabna and Akandabaria farm (30%). The lower infestation was recorded in Kaliganj. The percentage of stems attacked at the Kaliganj has never exceeded 23% followed by Rajshahi (28%), Thakurgaon and Faridpur (29%). The rate of infestation of stem borer (Chilo tumidicostalis) in different locations varied from 23-36%. While morphological characteristics of stem borer species were identified with standard keys and species composition was only predominated by Chilo tumidicostalis Hampson, though previous workers found other borers in addition to this species. The sex ratio of adult moth Chilo tumidicostalis was 1:1.42 after emergence from the reared collected pupae from different locations. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v11i2.18406 SAARC J. Agri., 11(2): 103-116 (2013)

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Actual phytosanitary state of park cenoses of the Southern Coast of the Crimea

Plant Biology and Horticulture: theory, innovation ◽

10.36305/2019-1-150-93-101 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 93-101

Author(s):

N. N. Trikoz

Keyword(s):

Invasive Species ◽

Species Composition ◽

Dominant Species ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Southern Coast ◽

Biological Survey ◽

The Crimea ◽

Definition Of ◽

Euonymus Scale

The objective of the research is to assess the species diversity of entomoacarocomplex of phytophagans of park cenoses of the Southern Coast of the Crimea, to identify dominant species and to determine the factors controlling their number and distribution. The research methods are the following: biological survey, visual inspection, pheromone traps, the definition of species by morphological characteristics. During the period from 2005 to 2018, the species composition of the entomoacarocomplex of phytophagans of ornamental crops in the parks of the Southern Coast of the Crimea has changed significantly under the influence of abiotic factors, anthropogenic load, development of tourism, business relations, increase in introduction works, change in the assortment of pesticides. Currently, the fauna of arthropods in the parks is represented by 55 species of phytophagans from 7 orders and 23 families, which include aboriginal, introduced and invasive species. Systematically phytophagans are sorted as follows: order Homoptera - 30 species, Hemiptera - 2, Hymenoptera - 1, Lepidoptera - 10, order Diptera - 2, Coleoptera - 7, Acariformes - 3 species. Homoptera order remains the most numerous in the number of species, which accounts for 54.5% of the total number of phytophagans. The dominant species among the local species are euonymus scale, viburnum scale, osier spittlebug, pistache marginal gall aphids, twospotted spider mite. Uncontrolled import of planting material from the European countries has led to the emergence of invasive species with high bio-potential, environmental plasticity, aggressiveness and causing invasions in the parks of the Southern Coast, which leads to the death of plants of local flora and introducents. Currently, 12 invasive species of pests have adapted on the territory of the Crimean parks. The process of invasions continues; it will lead to significant changes in the species composition of phytophagans.

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Some additional data to the genus Bombax L. (Malvaceae- Bombacoideae) for the flora of Vietnam

VNU Journal of Science Natural Sciences and Technology ◽

10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.4694 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Phan Ke Loc ◽

Nguyen Thi Nhung ◽

Nguyen Thi Anh Duyen

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

Additional Data ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Herbarium Specimens ◽

National University ◽

Cultivated Species ◽

Species Composition And Distribution ◽

First Time ◽

Small Genus

Some additional data to the genus Bombax L. (Malvaceae- Bombacoideae) for the flora of Vietnam Phan Kế Lộc1, Nguyễn Thị Nhung2, Nguyễn Thị Ánh Duyên3 1Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, 334 Nguyễn Trãi, Thanh Xuân, Hanoi, Vietnam 2VNU University of Education, 144 Xuân Thủy, Cầu Giấy, Hanoi, Vietnam Abstract: Bombax L. (Malvaceae- Bombacoideae) is a small genus with 8 species, distributed in Old World. Up to now there are 4 species of Bombax registered for the flora of Vietnam, namely B. albidum Gagnep., B. anceps Pierre, B. ceiba L. and B. insigne Wall. Goal of this paper is to contribute some additional data of its species composition and distribution. Specimens of six collecting numbers (three of native and three of cultivated species) were collected, studied and housed at the herbarium (HNU) of the Hanoi University of Science, Vietnam National University. Due to the lacking of branchlets bearing leaves and flowers of collected specimen P 7660 is named as Bombax cf. cambodiense Pierre, new occurrence for the flora. Bombax anceps Pierre for the first time was seen and taken photos in northwestern Son La Province, far from the main locations in the south. Morphological characters mainly of abaxial face calyx, petals, stamens and pistil of cultivated Bombax ceiba L. are illustrated. The occurrence of Bombax insigne Wall. is not confirmed by herbarium specimens. Comparaison of main morphological characteristics of studied Bombax taxa are presented.

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Slime mold (Physarum cinereum (Batsch) Pers.) on turfgrass

Karantin i zahist roslin ◽

10.36495/2312-0614.2019.1-2.15-17 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 15-17

Author(s):

S. Retman ◽

O. Nychyporuk

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Growing Season ◽

Steppe Zone ◽

Slime Mold ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Laboratory Methods ◽

Severity Of Disease ◽

First Time ◽

Selection Of

Goal. To study the spread and severity of slime mold on turfgass in Ukraine. Methods. Field and laboratory methods were used. The research was conducted on two varieties of mixed with different percentage and species composition of cereal grasses. The survey of crops was performed during vegetation in the Polissya, Forest-steppe and Steppe areas. For the identification of pathogen, a selection of plant samples was carried out with further analysis in laboratory conditions. The observations were conducted according to generally accepted methods; spread and severity of disease were determined. Results. The first time in Ukraine revealed damage to the cereal grasses (Physarum cinereum (Batsch) Pers.). Symptoms and morphological characteristics of the pathogen are described. In the Kiev region, in terms of distribution and development, it exceeded other pathogens (30.6—39.0% and 15.4—21.2% correspondingly). In the Kirovograd region, slime mold was observed in 2016 and 2017 at a much lower degree. Its spread was 8.4—10.5% with severity within the range of 3.1—4.5%. In the Zhytomyr region during the period of research symptoms of this disease were not fixed. The most favorable for the development of Physarum cinereum was the growing season of 2017. Conclusions. For the first time in Ukraine, the appearance of disease caused by Physarum cinereum was detected on lawn grasses. The spread of this disease has been noted on both types of grass mixtures. The phytopathological analysis showed that slime mold was the most widespread diseases in the Forest-Steppe zone (Kyiv region), where it dominated in the complex of leaf diseases. In Steppe zone (Kirovograd region) in the period of 2016—2017 it's spread was much lower and in Polissya zone (Zhytomyr region) symptoms of slime mold was not revealed.

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Keanekaragaman Jenis Kupu-Kupu Famili Nymphalidae di Kawasan Bukit Cogong

BIOEDUSAINS Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi dan Sains ◽

10.31539/bioedusains.v2i2.953 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 133-142

Author(s):

Merti Triyanti ◽

Destien Atmy Arisandy

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Butterfly Species ◽

Observation Station ◽

Dominance Index ◽

High Category ◽

A Value ◽

Hill Area ◽

Stable Community

This study aims to determine the diversity index of the species of nympalidae family in the Cusi Hill area of Musi Rawas. This research uses exploration and description methods using transect roaming techniques. The observation station was determined to be 3 stations with 5 transects systematically with a transect area of 100m x 100m. Catching using net net, identification by observing the morphological characteristics of the nympalidae family butterfly. Based on the study, 106 data obtained from dragonflies from 12 species of butterflies from 6 families of nympalidae, namely Junonia athletes, Ideopsis juventa, Junoni orithya, Cupha erymanthis, Micalesis mineus, Junonia almana, Melanitis leda, Danaus genutia, Ideopsis juventa, Junoni orithya, Cupha erymanthis, Micalesis mineus, Junonia almana, Melanitis leda, Danaus genutia, Euploea mulciber, Euploea eunhaa, Phupa columella, and Doleschallia bisaltide. The lowest species composition was Phaedyma columella, and Doleschallia bisaltide by 1.89%, while the highest was Junonia athletes by. 33.01%. Conclusion The diversity index of the butterfly species of nympalidae family in Bukit Cogong, Musi Rawas Regency is in the medium category with a value of 2.48. uniformity index at all stations in the high category, stable community and dominance index (C) in all stations in the low category. Keywords: diversity, butterflies, family nympalidae, bukit cogong

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Functional differentiation among 12 dipterocarp species under contrasting water availabilities in Northeast Thailand

Botany ◽

10.1139/cjb-2020-0155 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kiyosada Kawai ◽

Surachit Waengsothorn ◽

Nisa Leksungnoen ◽

Naoki Okada

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

Water Availability ◽

Water Loss ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Evergreen Forest ◽

Leaf Nitrogen Content ◽

Northeast Thailand ◽

Severe Dehydration ◽

Leaf Osmotic Potential

Species composition varies greatly along with water availability gradients. In Northeast Thailand, dry deciduous forest (DDF) and dry evergreen forest (DEF) show contrasting species composition due to differences in soil structure and moisture. Although plant traits (physiological and morphological characteristics) are known to be involved in species distributions, which traits underpin these distinct distributions (either dry DDF or less-dry DEF) remain unclear. Here, we examined the differentiation of 21 leaf and stem traits between DDF and DEF, using 12 dipterocarp species. We found that DDF species showed higher water use efficiency and higher water storage capacity in the lamina and petiole, higher leaf nitrogen content, higher stomatal density, larger leaves, thicker mesophyll layers, and a higher rate of water loss under severe dehydration than DEF species. Leaf osmotic potential at full turgor, wood density, and wood water content were not significantly different between DDF and DEF. We also observed a negative relationship between the potential photosynthetic capacity and the water loss rate during severe dehydration across species. Our results suggest that the differences in leaf traits related to photosynthesis and dehydration avoidance cause a niche differentiation of the tree species along the soil water availability in tropical dry forests.

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Spikemoss flora (Selaginella) in Mindanao Island, the Philippines: species composition and phenetic analysis of morphological variations

10.26757/pjsb.2018a12007 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

New Species ◽

Species Composition ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

The Philippines ◽

Phenetic Analysis ◽

Morphological Variations ◽

Diverse Species ◽

Phenetic Relationships

The genus Selaginella, commonly referred to as spikemosses, is an important component of the Philippines’ lycophytes diversity. Mountain ecosystems in Mindanao island hold diverse species of lycophytes, however the morpho-taxonomy diversity of this group is poorly documented there. The study aimed to determine Selaginella species richness, distribution and phenetic relationships based on morphological characteristics in Mindanao island. Specimens of Selaginella were collected in Mt. Apo, Kidapawan City; Mt. Hamiguitan, Davao Oriental; Mt. Kiamo, Mt. Kitanglad, Mt. Musuan and Mt. Limbawon in Bukidnon; Mt. Timpoong, Camiguin; and Mt. Malindang, Misamis Occidental. The 24 Selaginella species were collected and subjected to numerical phenetic analysis using the PC-ORD program. A total of 11 morphological characters and 44 character states were used in the analyses. Of the 24 species, seven are Philippine endemics, four are potential new species and two species are widely distributed in the areas studied. Results of the phenetic analysis showed four major clusters.

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Fauna and ecology of mining flies of the genus Phytomyza (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in Nagorno-Karabakh

Samara Journal of Science ◽

10.17816/snv2021102103 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 24-30

Author(s):

Nonna Musheghovna Grigoryan ◽

Varuzhan Stepanovich Hovhannisyan ◽

Hasmik Grigoryevna Galstyan ◽

Karine Valerievna Balayan

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

Plant Species ◽

Infected Plant ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Lower Surface ◽

Reproductive Organs ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Plant Infection ◽

Significant Damage ◽

Wild Host

The aim of the work was to study the species composition, as well as some behavior, ecology, biology issues, species distribution of the genus Phytomyza and research of cultivated and wild host-plants in Nagorno-Karabakh. Infected plant leaves, larvae and pupae of the mining flies collected from different geographical zones of Nagorno-Karabakh were served as scientific material. Species composition was determined under laboratory conditions after imagoes hatching from mines with larvae and pupae. Three species were identified, they belong to the genus Phytomyza : Phytomyza horticola (Goureau, 1851), Ph. plantaginis (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1851) and Ph. lappae (Goureau, 1851). The polyphagous Ph. horticola species infect mainly the plant species of the families Brassicaceae, Asteraceae and Cucurbitaceae. The monophagous Ph. plantaginis and Ph. lappae species accordingly infect Plantago mayor and Arctium lappa plant species. The paper presents features of the genus, morphology and biology of imago, ecological characteristics of their larvae and pupae, mines, intensity and extensiveness of plant infection. The studies have shown that despite the similarity of some species of the genus in terms of external morphological characteristics, they differ in environments of pupal development, and more accurate identity of the species is determined by studying the reproductive organs. Among the studied species, the mines formed on the lower surface are always longer than the mines on the upper surface of the leaf blade. Methods of variance analysis showed that sexual dimorphism is most expressed among Ph. horticola . Taking into account the significant damage caused by the larvae of the Ph. horticola species to a group of vegetable crops, especially to the onion plant ( Allium cepa ), it can be included in the list of onion pests. The high damage to the leaves of weed plants by Ph. horticola larvae indicates the prospects of using this miner in the fight against weeds.

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Determination of seasonal changes of spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) densities and species composition on kudzu vine and soybean (Fabaceae) in Japan with the use of phosphoglucomutase zymograms*

Zoosymposia ◽

10.11646/zoosymposia.6.1.13 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 72-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

TETSUO GOTOH ◽

KATSUHIKO MORI

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

Spider Mite ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Seasonal Fluctuation ◽

Mite Species ◽

Adult Males ◽

Glycine Max L ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

Two Peaks

Identification of spider mites based on morphological characteristics is difficult because morphological differences between species may be subtle and in some groups, including the Tetranychus Dufour species, detectable only in adult males, which usually correspond to a small proportion of a population. The utility of an alternative method, phosphoglucomutase (PGM) zymogram, is demonstrated in this study. Using this method, we were able to discriminate females of each of 13 known Japanese Tetranychus species. We examined the species composition and seasonal density changes on kudzu vine [Pueraria montana var. lobata (Willd.) Sanjappa and Pradeep], a fabaceous weed, between 1997 and 1999, and on soybean [Glycine max (L.)] between 1999 and 2001. On kudzu vine, spider mite populations showed two types of seasonal fluctuation, one characterized by a single peak in September or October and the other by two peaks, in June and September. Five spider mite species were found on this plant species, with T. pueraricola Ehara & Gotoh being dominant throughout the 3-year period and accounting for 75.6–96.9% of all females. On soybean, spider mite populations showed three types of seasonal fluctuation, characterized by one peak (August), two peaks (August, November), and three peaks (June, August, October), respectively. On this plant, eight species were found, T. pueraricola being dominant in 1999 (54.7%), T. parakanzawai Ehara in 2000 (72.6%) and T. kanzawai Kishida in 2001 (69.2%). Such annual variation in dominance was probably determined by the order of invasion of soybean fields.

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COMPOSITION OF CLADOCERA SPECIES DIVERSITY AND THE REDESCRIPTION OF SPECIES GRIMALDINA BRAIZZA RICHARD, 1892 (MACROTRICIDAE, ANOMOPODA, BRANCHIOPODA) FOR ZOOPLANKTON FAUNA OF VIETNAM

ACADEMIA JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY ◽

10.15625/2615-9023/v41n1.8609 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nguyet Nga Thi Le ◽

Dang Doan Phan

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Species Composition ◽

Rare Species ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Rice Fields ◽

South Vietnam ◽

Adobe Illustrator ◽

First Time ◽

Head Pores

Cladocera is investigated in waterbodies of Vinh Long province during 2013 to 2014. Samples were collected from eight stations. 18 cladocera species belonging to 14 genus, 7 family, 2 order and 1 class were observed. In that, 14 species were recorded in 2013, and 15 species were recorded in 2014. The species composition of order Anomopoda always dominates in waterbodies. The species Grimaldina brazzai Richard, 1892 (Macrotricidae, Anomopoda, Branchiopoda) are redescribed from material collected in Co Chien river of Vinh Long province in 2013. The results have identified 04 female individuals, but no male individuals of G. brazzai are recorded. Morphological characteristics of G. brazzai are as descriptive as Richard (1892), Brook (1956) and Idris (1983). Morphological characteristics of Grimaldina và G. brazzai female are described and illustrated details by Optikam and Adobe Illustrator CS5. Some morphology characters used to identify, e.g., eye, head pores, Labral plate, Antennule I - II, postabdomen. The genus Grimaldina comprises only one species G. brazzai. This species has been recorded in lakes and rice fields of Brazil, Thailan, Lao, Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Cambodia and Singapore, rare species. The first time in Vietnam Shirota (1966) was recorded this species in South Vietnam, but he has not describe.

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