The impact of marital status, age, and employment on female suicide in British Columbia*

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL D. ORNSTEIN
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Female Suicide ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Incidence of diabetes mellitus among people living with and without HIV in British Columbia, Canada between 2001 and 2013: a longitudinal population-based cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e048744
Author(s):  
Andreea Bratu ◽  
Taylor McLinden ◽  
Katherine Kooij ◽  
Monica Ye ◽  
Jenny Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Hiv Serostatus ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionPeople living with HIV (PLHIV) are increasingly at risk of age-related comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus (DM). While DM is associated with elevated mortality and morbidity, understanding of DM among PLHIV is limited. We assessed the incidence of DM among people living with and without HIV in British Columbia (BC), Canada, during 2001–2013.MethodsWe used longitudinal data from a population-based cohort study linking clinical data and administrative health data. We included PLHIV who were antiretroviral therapy (ART) naïve at baseline, and 1:5 age-sex-matched persons without HIV. All participants had ≥5 years of historic data pre-baseline and ≥1 year(s) of follow-up. DM was identified using the BC Ministry of Health’s definitions applied to hospitalisation, physician billing and drug dispensation datasets. Incident DM was identified using a 5-year run-in period. In addition to unadjusted incidence rates (IRs), we estimated adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRR) using Poisson regression and assessed annual trends in DM IRs per 1000 person years (PYs) between 2001 and 2013.ResultsA total of 129 PLHIV and 636 individuals without HIV developed DM over 17 529 PYs and 88,672 PYs, respectively. The unadjusted IRs of DM per 1000 PYs were 7.4 (95% CI 6.2 to 8.8) among PLHIV and 7.2 (95% CI 6.6 to 7.8) for individuals without HIV. After adjustment for confounding, HIV serostatus was not associated with DM incidence (adjusted IRR: 1.03, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.27). DM incidence did not increase over time among PLHIV (Kendall trend test: p=0.9369), but it increased among persons without HIV between 2001 and 2013 (p=0.0136).ConclusionsAfter adjustment, HIV serostatus was not associated with incidence of DM, between 2001 and 2013. Future studies should investigate the impact of ART on mitigating the potential risk of DM among PLHIV.

scholarly journals The impact of socio-demographic factors on the survival of cancer patients in Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Idika E. Okorie ◽  
Ricardo Moyo ◽  
Saralees Nadarajah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Hazard Rate ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Female Cancer Patients ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWe provide a survival analysis of cancer patients in Zimbabwe. Our results show that young cancer patients have lower but not significant hazard rate compared to old cancer patients. Male cancer patients have lower but not significant hazard rate compared to female cancer patients. Race and marital status are significant risk factors for cancer patients in Zimbabwe.

scholarly journals Impact of Race and Socioeconomics Disparities on Survival in Young-Onset Colorectal Adenocarcinoma—A SEER Registry Analysis

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3262
Author(s):  
Mark M. Aloysius ◽  
Hemant Goyal ◽  
Niraj J. Shah ◽  
Kumar Pallav ◽  
Nimy John ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Colorectal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
School Education ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
High School Education ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Young Onset ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: We aimed to assess the impact of socio-economic determinants of health (SEDH) on survival disparities within and between the ethnic groups of young-onset (<50 years age) colorectal adenocarcinoma patients. Patients and Methods: Surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) registry was used to identify colorectal adenocarcinoma patients aged between 25–49 years from 2012 and 2016. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan–Meir method. Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the hazard effect of SEDH. American community survey (ACS) data 2012–2016 were used to analyze the impact of high school education, immigration status, poverty, household income, employment, marital status, and insurance type. Results: A total of 17,145 young-onset colorectal adenocarcinoma patients were studied. Hispanic (H) = 2874, Non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaskan Native (NHAIAN) = 164, Non-Hispanic Asian Pacific Islander (NHAPI) = 1676, Non-Hispanic black (NHB) = 2305, Non-Hispanic white (NHW) = 10,126. Overall cancer-specific survival was, at 5 years, 69 m. NHB (65.58 m) and NHAIAN (65.67 m) experienced worse survival compared with NHW (70.11 m), NHAPI (68.7), and H (68.31). High school education conferred improved cancer-specific survival significantly with NHAPI, NHB, and NHW but not with H and NHAIAN. Poverty lowered and high school education improved cancer-specific survival (CSS) in NHB, NHW, and NHAPI. Unemployment was associated with lowered CSS in H and NAPI. Lower income below the median negatively impacted survival among H, NHAPI NHB, and NHW. Recent immigration within the last 12 months lowered CSS survival in NHW. Commercial health insurance compared with government insurance conferred improved CSS in all groups. Conclusions: Survival disparities were found among all races with young-onset colorectal adenocarcinoma. The pattern of SEDH influencing survival was unique to each race. Overall higher income levels, high school education, private insurance, and marital status appeared to be independent factors conferring favorable survival found on multivariate analysis.

scholarly journals Forest Road Status Assessment Using Airborne Laser Scanning

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin Waga ◽  
Piotr Tompalski ◽  
Nicholas C Coops ◽  
Joanne C White ◽  
Michael A Wulder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Airborne Laser Scanning ◽  
Height Distribution ◽  
Forest Roads ◽  
The Road ◽  
Airborne Laser ◽  
Independent Field ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Forest roads allow access for silvicultural operations, harvesting, recreational activities, wildlife management, and fire suppression. In British Columbia, Canada, roads that are no longer required must be deactivated (temporarily, semipermanently, or permanently) in order to minimize the impact on the overall forested ecosystem. However, the remoteness and size of the road network present challenges for monitoring. Our aim was to examine the utility of airborne laser scanning data to assess the status and quality of forest roads across 52,000 hectares of coastal forest in British Columbia. Within the forest estate, roads can be active or deactivated, or have an unknown status. We classified road segments based on the vegetation growth on the road surface, and edges, by classifying the height distribution of airborne laser scanning returns within each road segment into four groups: no vegetation, minor vegetation, dense understory vegetation, and dense overstory vegetation. Validation indicated that 73 percent of roads were classified correctly when compared to independent field observations. The majority were classified as active roads with no vegetation or deactivated with dense vegetation. The approach presented herein can aid forest managers in verifying the status of the roads in their management area, especially in remote areas where field assessments are costly and time-consuming.

scholarly journals The Effect of Marital Status on Survival of Patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A SEER Database Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Song ◽  
Chuan Tian
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Seer Database ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Impact

Background. Marital status has been reported to be a prognostic factor in multiple malignancies. However, its prognostic value on gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) have not yet been determined. The objective of the present analysis was to assess the effects of marital status on survival in patients with GISTs. Methods. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to analyze 6195 patients who were diagnosed with GISTs from 2001 to 2014. We also use Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression to analyze the impact of marital status on cancer-specific survival (CSS). Results. Patients in the married group had more frequency in white people, more high/moderate grade tumors, and were more likely to receive surgery. Widowed patients had a higher proportion of women, a greater proportion of older patients (>60 years), and more common site of the stomach. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that marital status was an independent prognostic factor for GISTs (P<0.001). Married patients had better CSS than unmarried patients (P<0.001). Subgroup analysis suggested that widowed patients had the lowest CSS compared with all other patients. Conclusions. Marital status is a prognostic factor for survival in patients with GISTs, and widowed patients are at greater risk of cancer-specific mortality.

Using polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to determine post-wildfire contamination and sediment sources in a large watershed in central British Columbia, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Kieta ◽  
Philip Owens ◽  
Ellen Petticrew
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Burned Areas ◽  
Total Pahs ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Impact

&lt;p&gt;The Nechako River Basin (NRB) in central British Columbia is a large (52,000 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;), regulated basin that supports populations of sockeye and chinook salmon and the endangered Nechako white sturgeon. These important species are experiencing population declines and one potential cause of this decline is excess sediment, which can clog their spawning habitat and reduce juvenile success. This excess sediment is likely the product of a combination of factors, the most visible being the significant land cover changes that have occurred in the basin, which includes pressure from forestry and agriculture, the Mountain Pine Beetle epidemic, and large-scale wildfires in 2018. Focusing specifically on the impact of the 2018 wildfires on sediment transport from upland burned areas to adjacent waterways, this research aimed to determine the spatial and temporal contamination of tributaries and the mainstem of the Nechako River with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are produced during the combustion of organic matter and have been identified as toxic to aquatic organisms and to humans. Additionally, this study intended to determine if burned areas were a more significant contributor of sediment than unburned areas and better understand the utility of PAHs as a potential tracer. Source soil samples were collected in 2018 and 2020 from burned and unburned sites, and suspended sediment samples were collected throughout the ice-free period from 2018-2020 in three tributaries and three mainstem sites. All samples were analysed for PAHs, magnetic susceptibility, colour, and particle size. Results from the fall 2018 source samples show a significant difference in PAH concentrations between unburned and burned soils, and while concentrations of PAHs in source soils in 2020 were lower than in 2018, they were still elevated compared to unburned soils. Sediment samples showed that concentrations of total PAHs are higher in the mainstem sites than in the tributaries, with the greatest concentrations consistently found at the most downstream site on the mainstem of the Nechako River. Concentrations across sites were highest in samples taken during the spring snowmelt period in 2019, have decreased throughout the rest of the sampling period (2019-2020), and are well below sediment quality guidelines for total PAHs. In addition to determining the spatial and temporal extent of PAH contamination, this study also aims to use PAHs along with colour and measurements of magnetic susceptibility to trace sediments associated with the 2018 wildfires. The high cost of PAH analysis limits the number of samples that can be analysed and thus, these additional tracers will allow for the use of models such as MixSIAR that improve with a more robust number of samples. As large-scale megafires continue to burn across the globe, understanding their potential to contribute PAHs to local waterbodies and potentially be used as a tracer is as prescient as ever.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Effect of 11 September 2001 on suicide and homicide in England and Wales

2003 ◽  
Vol 183 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Salib
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Female Suicide ◽  
Inverse Effect ◽  
Group Integration ◽  
Before And After ◽  
External Threat ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundThe tragic events of 11 September 2001 and televised scenes of the terrorists' homicidal and suicidal acts could have had an impact on the behaviour of some people, who harbour suicidal ideation or homicidal tendencies.AimsTo assess the effect of 11 September 2001 on the rate of suicide and homicide in England and Wales.MethodAnalysis of the number of suicides (ICD–9 codes: E950–E959), undetermined injury deaths (E980–E989) and homicides (E960–E969) in England and Wales in the 12 weeks before and after 11 September 2001 and during a similar period in the previous two years.ResultsThe number of suicides reported in the month of September 2001 was significantly lower than other months in the same year and any September of the previous 22 years in England and Wales. A suicide reduction in men, regardless of age, occurred in the week starting Tuesday 11 September 2001. A reduction in female suicide occurred during the four weeks following the attack. There was no evidence of a similar effect on homicide.ConclusionsThe tragic events of 11 September 2001 appear to have had a brief but significant inverse effect on suicide. The finding of this study supports Durkheim's theory that periods of external threat create group integration within society and lower the suicide rate through the impact on social cohesion.

Assessing the impact of health and clinical research in British Columbia health authorities

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 280-287
Author(s):  
Dawn Waterhouse ◽  
Susan Chunick ◽  
Julia Lauzon ◽  
Lupin Battersby ◽  
Terri Fleming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Research Impact ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Healthcare Research ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Academic Faculty ◽  
Health Studies ◽  
The Impact

This article describes results of a healthcare research impact survey conducted in two health authorities in British Columbia. A tailored research impact framework formed the basis for the survey created and used to collect quantitative and qualitative data from a sample of employees and academic faculty who had completed research in both health authorities. In all, 178 responses were collected for a combined response rate of 34%. Although there are differences between the two health authorities, the data confirm that the majority of respondents were successful in disseminating their research; 30% of both Island and Fraser Health studies reported improved safety, whether through avoidance of adverse drug effects, or reduced nosocomial infections, and as high as 26% of studies reported a reduction in morbidity or mortality. We conclude with recommendations that build on existing research capacity infrastructure to enhance the generation, implementation, and evaluation of research evidence within healthcare organizations.

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