scholarly journals Intensity of infection with intracellular Eimeria spp. and pinworms is reduced in hybrid mice compared to parental subspecies

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Balard ◽  
Víctor Hugo Jarquín‐Díaz ◽  
Jenny Jost ◽  
Iva Martincová ◽  
Ľudovít Ďureje ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Hybrid Mice

scholarly journals A Comparison of the Prevalence of the Parasites of the Digestive Tract in Goats from Organic and Conventional Farms

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2581
Author(s):  
Bogumiła Pilarczyk ◽  
Agnieszka Tomza-Marciniak ◽  
Renata Pilarczyk ◽  
Elżbieta Bombik ◽  
Beata Seremak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Organic Farms ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Conventional Farms ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Moniezia Expansa ◽  
Farm Types

The aim of the study was to compare the prevalence and intensity of gastrointestinal parasitic infections in goats kept on organic (n = 76) and conventional farms (n = 82). In general, a higher prevalence of some gastrointestinal parasitic infections was found in the conventional farms compared to the organic farms: the mean prevalence of Eimeria spp. was 85.4% in conventional farms and 77.6% in organic farms, that of Fasciola hepatica was 6.10% in conventional farms and 2.63% in organic farms, and that of Moniezia expansa was 31.7% and 17.1%, in conventional and organic farms, respectively. Both farm types demonstrated a similar mean prevalence of nematodes (80.3 vs. 84.2%). Conventional farms demonstrated a significantly higher intensity of infection with E. arloingi, Haemonchus spp., Nematodirus spp. and Moniezia expansa compared to organic farms. They also demonstrated a higher intensity of infection with Eimeria spp. than organic farms. The prophylactic programs used to combat parasitic infections in both types of farms appear ineffective and require improvement. There is a need for goat herds to be covered by ongoing parasitological monitoring. It is also recommended that keepers employ rotational or intensive rotational grazing methods and take care to ensure the hygiene of animal quarters and livestock rooms.

scholarly journals Intensity of infection with intracellularEimeriaspp. and pinworms is reduced in hybrid mice compared to parental subspecies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Balard ◽  
Víctor Hugo Jarquín-Díaz ◽  
Jenny Jost ◽  
Iva Martincová ◽  
Ľudovít Ďureje ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
House Mouse ◽  
Hybrid Zone ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Host Fitness ◽  
Parasite Intensity ◽  
Epidemiological Factors ◽  
High Pathogenicity ◽  
Intracellular Infections ◽  
Hybrid Mice

AbstractThe longstanding impression that hybrid mice are more highly parasitized and therefore less fit than parentals persists despite the findings of recent studies. Working across a novel transect of the European House Mouse hybrid zone we assessed intracellular infections byEimeria, a parasite of high pathogenicity, and infections by pinworms, assumed to be less pathogenic. ForEimeriawe found lower intensities in hybrid hosts than in parental mice but no evidence of lowered probability of infection in the centre of the hybrid zone. This means ecological and epidemiological factors are very unlikely to be responsible for the reduced load of infected hybrids. Focussing on parasite intensity (load in infected hosts) we also corroborated reduced pinworm loads reported for hybrid mice in previous studies. In addition we questioned whether differences in body condition during infection would indicate different impacts on hybrid vs. parental hosts’ health. We couldn’t show such an effect. We conclude that intensity of diverse parasites, including the previously unstudiedEimeria, is reduced in hybrid mice compared to parental subspecies. We suggest caution in extrapolating this to differences in hybrid host fitness in the absence of, for example, evidence for a link between parasitemia and health.

scholarly journals Eimeria spp. from Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica): new characteristic features and diagnostic tools

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1441-1447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno P. Berto ◽  
Helcio R. Borba ◽  
Viviane M. Lima ◽  
Walter Flausino ◽  
Walter L. Teixeira-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Quail ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Coturnix Japonica ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Japanese Quails ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

The Japanese quail Coturnix japonica originated from North Africa, Europe and Asia, is used worldwide as an experimental animal and model for aviculture. The current paper characterizes Eimeria bateri, Eimeria tsunodai and Eimeria uzura recovered from C. japonica. Based on the fact that quails have a global distribution, as are their coccidia, the findings of this study should provide the means for diagnosis of those Eimeria spp. in other regions and continents. Eimeria bateri showed the greatest intensity of infection and shed oocysts from the fourth day after infection; in contrast, E. tsunodai and E. uzura shed oocysts from the fifth day after infection. The three species shared a high degree of similarity and were all polymorphic. Yet, the application of line regressions, histograms and ANOVA provided means for the identification of these species. Finally, the algorithm was very efficient since verified that resultant values were not superimposed.

scholarly journals Monoglyceride Blend Reduces Mortality, Improves Nutrient Digestibility, and Intestinal Health in Broilers Subjected to Clinical Necrotic Enteritis Challenge

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1432
Author(s):  
Alip Kumar ◽  
Sarbast K. Kheravii ◽  
Lily Li ◽  
Shu-Biao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Tight Junction ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Necrotic Enteritis ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Antibiotic Group ◽  
Zinc Bacitracin ◽  
Additive Control

This study evaluated the potential of monoglyceride blend (MG) and buffered formic acid (FA) as alternatives to antibiotics in the performance and intestinal health of broilers under clinical necrotic enteritis (NE) challenge. A total of 544 as-hatched Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly distributed to 32-floor pens housing 17 birds per pen. The four treatments were: NC—non-additive control; ZBS—antibiotic group supplemented with zinc bacitracin and salinomycin; MG—additive MG supplementation in the starter phase only; and MGFA—additive MG in starter phase and FA in grower and finisher phases. All birds were challenged with Eimeria spp. and Clostridium perfringens. Results showed that the NC group had lower BWG and higher FCR than the ZBS group in the grower and overall period (p < 0.05). The NC group had higher NE-caused mortality (days 14 to 17) than the ZBS group (p < 0.05). Birds fed MG had lower NE-caused mortality than the NC group (p < 0.05). Birds fed MG had upregulated jejunal tight junction protein1 (TJP1) and immunoglobulin (IgG) on day 16 and improved gross energy digestibility on day 24 than the NC group (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that supplementation of MG may improve intestinal health and protect birds from clinical NE occurrence.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a subunit vaccine candidate (Biotech Vac Cox) against Eimeria spp. in broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
pp. 101329
Author(s):  
Emanuel Gumina ◽  
Jeffrey W. Hall ◽  
Bruno Vecchi ◽  
Xochitl Hernandez-Velasco ◽  
Brett Lumpkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Subunit Vaccine ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
A Subunit

Prevalence of Linguatula sp., a food-borne zoonotic aberrant arthropod, in river buffaloes slaughtered at Tabriz slaughterhouse, Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasser Hajipour ◽  
Jennifer Ketzis ◽  
Parviz Hassanzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Statistical Association ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Significant Statistical Association ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Background Canids and herbivores are the definitive and intermediate hosts of Linguatula sp., respectively. Methods Mesenteric lymph nodes (n=32 525) were randomly collected from 7585 buffaloes from July 2016 to July 2019 and examined macroscopically. Results Results showed that 388 (5.11%) buffaloes were infected. The intensity of infection was determined to be 3.07±0.07. Significant statistical association was identified between infection rate and age and sex. Although there were no significant differences in the infection rate over different seasons, the highest infection rate was observed in autumn. Conclusions These data highlight the importance of inspection at slaughter.

scholarly journals Hybrid Mice Reveal Parent-of-Origin and Cis- and Trans-Regulatory Effects in the Retina

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e109382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Q. Shen ◽  
Ernest Turro ◽  
Joseph C. Corbo
Keyword(s):  
Parent Of Origin ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
Cis And Trans ◽  
Hybrid Mice

Cytoplasmic Genetic Effects and Growth of Hybrid Mice

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 887-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Brown ◽  
S. K. DeNise ◽  
R. G. McDaniel
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Hybrid Mice

scholarly journals Pentastomids infecting an invader lizard, Hemidactylus mabouia (Gekkonidae) in northeastern Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
LA. Anjos ◽  
WO. Almeida ◽  
A. Vasconcellos ◽  
EMX. Freire ◽  
CFD. Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
First Record ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Parasitism Rate ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
New Host ◽  
Single Host ◽  
Hemidactylus Mabouia

From January to April 2006, 37 specimens of Hemidactylus mabouia were collected in houses, in the municipality of Barbalha (7° 20' S and 39° 18' W), Ceará State, Northeast Brazil. Among the individuals captured, 17 were infected with pentastomids, totalling a prevalence of 45.9%, which did not differ between sexes. Host size did not influence the infection intensity. Two species of pentastomids were found: Raillietiella frenatus and R. mottae. The prevalence of R. frenatus (43.2%) was higher than R. mottae (2.7%), whereas the infection intensity of R. frenatus was comparatively lower (1.8 ± 1.4) than R. mottae (36 parasites in a single host). Overall mean intensity of infection was 3.8 ± 8.4 pentastomids. We found no pentastomid infecting juvenile geckos. The parameters of infection in this host population are in accordance to the findings of other studies, in which the high parasitism rate was associated to the feeding habits of geckos living in houses and buildings. Hemidactylus mabouia is a new host to R. mottae and the infection by R. frenatus is the first record of the occurrence this pentastomid species in Brazil.

scholarly journals Secondary Functions of Arginine and Sulfur Amino Acids in Poultry Health: Review

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2106
Author(s):  
Fernanda Lima de Souza Castro ◽  
Woo K. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Sulfur Amino Acids ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Nutritional Strategies ◽  
Eimeria Infection ◽  
Health Review

Amino acids such as arginine, methionine, and cysteine are the precursors of essential molecules that regulate growth and health, being classified as functional amino acids. This review describes the metabolism of arginine and the sulfur amino acids and how they modulate, directly or indirectly, different tissues. Emphasis is placed on their effects in supporting health during challenging conditions, such as heat stress and Eimeria infection. The use of arginine has been shown to reduce abdominal fat pad in ducks and increase lean tissue and bone mineral density in broilers. Additionally, the sulfur amino acids have been shown to improve bone development and are beneficial during heat stress. The use of L-methionine increased the cortical and trabecular bone mineral densities, in laying hens. Moreover, the dietary inclusion of these amino acids could reduce the damage caused by Eimeria spp. infection by regulating the antioxidant system and cell repair. Understanding how these amino acids can mitigate stressful conditions may provide us novel insights of their use as nutritional strategies to modulate the health status of chickens.

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