scholarly journals Effect of utilization term on the quality of semi-natural grass stand in the autumn and in the winter time

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
Jiří Skládanka
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Grass Stand ◽  
Forage Utilization ◽  
Winter Time ◽  
June July ◽  
The Given ◽  
Made In

Quality of green fodder from a semi-natural sward consisting of Festuca rubra, Taraxacum officinale, Dactylis glomerata, Trisetum flavescens, Poa ssp., Agrostis stolonifera and Phleum pratense as dominant species, situated in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands (Czech Republic) was studied in the months of the main forage utilization (November, December and January). Main usage in the winter months was preceded by usage in June, July and August (preparatory cut). The sward was fertilized in the first half of August with 50 kg N.ha-1. Qualitative characteristics studied in 2000/2001, 2001/2002 and 2002/2003 were N-substances and NEL. Sward quality was decreasing from November to January with the date of utilization exhibiting a highly significant effect (α < 0.01) on the NEL content in all three years of monitoring and on the content of N-substances in the first two years of monitoring. Effect of the preparatory cut on the contents of N-substances and NEL was significant (α < 0.05) in all three years of monitoring and in the first two years of monitoring, respectively. In November, the contents of N-substances and NEL were higher in variants with the preparatory cut made in August than in variants with the preparatory cut made in June or July. The effect of the date of preparatory cut on the contents of N-substances and NEL in December and January was depending on climatic conditions in the given year.

Effect of pre-utilisation and harvest time on the quantity and quality of fodder on extensive pastures

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bajnok ◽  
L. Szemán ◽  
J. Tasi
Keyword(s):  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
List Type ◽  
Regeneration Period ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
June July

No significant studies have yet been reported in Central Europe on the yield and quality of winter harvest pastures. The aim of the research was to collect information about the effect of pre-utilisation (June, July and August) and winter harvest date (November, December, January) on the quantity and quality of fodder from Festuca arundinacea stands. The dry matter, energy, ADF, ADL and ergosterol contents of the yield were examined and it was found that: 1. A shorter regeneration period between harvests resulted in lower dry matter levels, but also in a higher energy concentration and lower ergosterol concentration. 2. The yield and energy concentrations decreased, whereas the ADF, ADL and ergosterol concentrations increased as the winter progressed. 3. Fodder harvested in November produced the best results in terms of yield quantity and quality. The highest yield and energy values were thus achieved by harvesting in November, regardless of pre-utilisation. Despite the cold and the long period of snow cover, the energy values of samples harvested in December and January showed no significant decrease. The weather conditions were more important for fodder quantity and quality than the frequency or date of harvesting. Thus, under the continental climatic conditions in Hungary, extensive utilisation, until late November or early December, is recommended.

scholarly journals The effect of utilization term on the biomass production, organic matter digestibility and ergosterol content of semi-natural grass stand in the autumn and in winter

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Jiří Skládanka
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Forage Quality ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Natural Grass ◽  
Elytrigia Repens ◽  
Grass Stand ◽  
Organic Matter Digestibility ◽  
Autumn And Winter

The biomass of dry matter (DM) and forage quality of a  grass pasture in the  Bohemian-Moravian Highlands (Czech Republic), situated at an altitude of 553 m a.s.l., was measured in late autumn and in winter in the  period from 2000 to 2003. The semi-natural grass pasture was dominated by Festuca rubra, Taraxacum officinale, Elytrigia repens, Dactylis glomerata, Trisetum flavescens, Poa spp., Agrostis tenuis and Phleum pratense. Biomass production and forage quality were measured in November, December and January after one preparatory cut in June or two preparatory cuts in June and July, and in June and August. Biomass of DM decreased from November to January and ranged, depending on the  year and the  number of preparatory cuts, from 0.37–3.13  t  ha – 1 in November to 0.15–1.36  t  ha – 1 in January. The biomass of DM decreased the  later the  preparatory cut. Organic matter digestibility decreased from November to January, ranging from 0.448–0.606 in November to 0.352–0.578 in January. A delayed preparatory cut resulted in an increased digestibility. Ergosterol concentration increased with the  progressing autumn and winter, ranging from 40–111  mg  kg – 1 DM in November to 110–265  mg  kg – 1 DM in January. Lower ergosterol concentrations were observed after a  late preparatory cut. The results were statistically analysed by ANOVA and Tukey HSD test. The length of the  main use was observed to have a significant effect on biomass of DM, digestibility of organic matter and ergosterol concentration (P < 0.05) in all three years of the  investigation.

scholarly journals ASAP: An Automatic Algorithm Selection Approach for Planning

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (06) ◽  
pp. 1460032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Vallati ◽  
Lukáš Chrpa ◽  
Diane Kitchin
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Automated Planning ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Algorithm Selection ◽  
Selection Approach ◽  
Automatic Algorithm Selection ◽  
The Given ◽  
Automatic Algorithm ◽  
Made In

Despite the advances made in the last decade in automated planning, no planner outperforms all the others in every known benchmark domain. This observation motivates the idea of selecting different planning algorithms for different domains. Moreover, the planners' performances are affected by the structure of the search space, which depends on the encoding of the considered domain. In many domains, the performance of a planner can be improved by exploiting additional knowledge, for instance, in the form of macro-operators or entanglements. In this paper we propose ASAP, an automatic Algorithm Selection Approach for Planning that: (i) for a given domain initially learns additional knowledge, in the form of macro-operators and entanglements, which is used for creating different encodings of the given planning domain and problems, and (ii) explores the 2 dimensional space of available algorithms, defined as encodings–planners couples, and then (iii) selects the most promising algorithm for optimising either the runtimes or the quality of the solution plans.

scholarly journals Evaluation of work quality of the green peas harvester Ploeger EPD 490

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 56-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Findura ◽  
J. Turan ◽  
J. Jobbágy ◽  
M. Angelovič ◽  
O. Ponjican
Keyword(s):  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Performance Quality ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Given ◽  
Green Peas

Machines for harvesting vegetable must reliably collect the given type of vegetables at various climatic conditions, and with adequate performance, quality and low losses. Machines for harvesting of green peas must be sufficiently reliable and handling must be simple. The criteria of their work are based on harvested product quality, and the size of losses incurred depends on the rate of release of pods from the plants and on the release of grains from pods. The size of loss of grain and pods in the field and grain damages in the storage tank is directly proportional to the appropriately selected operating mode of the machine. Resistance to the damage of grain can be partly affected by selecting varieties with appropriate physical and mechanical properties and by choosing appropriate operating speed of the collector of green peas. Experimental measurements were carried out in the cooperative farm Zemn&eacute;, Slovak Republic, within a conventional tillage technology, which has suitable conditions for the cultivation of this commodity. The subject of research was green peas Ploeger EPD 490. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Effects of the utilization term and additional sowing of Festuca arundinacea and Festulolium on the production of winter pasture

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Jiří Skládanka
Keyword(s):  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Grass Stand ◽  
June July ◽  
Grass Sward ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Herb Species

The work was carried out to study the influence of additional sowing and differentiated systems of use in the summer period on the production of grass sward in the autumn and winter period. An additional sowing of Festuca arundinacea and Festulolium was made into the grass stand with dominating Festuca rubra, Taraxacum officinale, Agropyron repens, Dactylis glomerata, Trisetum flavescens, Agrostis stolonifera and Phleum pratense. In summer (preparatory cut), the grass stand was utilized in June, July and August. In the autumn (main use), it was utilized in November, December and January. The additional sowing, the preparatory cut and the main use were monitored for their influence on the yield of dry matter. Another assessment was made of the share of Festuca arundinacea and Festulolium in the harvested herbage. In June 2001, the share of additionally sown herb species in the harvested herbage did not exceed 2%. However, their proportion increased to more than 20% in four years of the study. In the summer period, the additional sowing did not show any significant effect on dry matter yields. The additionally sown herb species exhibited a pronounced dominance in November. The shares of Festuca arundinacea and Festulolium in the harvested herbage were 80.1% and 71.3%, respectively. Yields from the additionally sown grass stands were higher from the third year of the study (by 1.07–1.26 t.ha–1) than those from the grass stand with no additional sowing (0.66–0.97 t.ha–1) the variance being insignificant. In the autumn and in winter, a significant decrease (P < 0.05) was seen in yields from the grass stand utilized until the beginning of August and the yields further decreased with the proceeding winter.

O potrzebie jakościowej zmiany w konsultacjach społecznych w mieście

2016 ◽  
pp. 122-137
Author(s):  
Anna Przybylska
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Political Community ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Policy Area ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Knowledge Growth ◽  
Public Consultations ◽  
The Given ◽  
Made In

Public consultations may contribute to the knowledge growth; among politicians it would involve needs and preferences of citizens, and among citizens it would concern budgetary constraints and other limitations to decisions in the given public policy area. Further, public consultations may also have positive effects on building mutual understanding and trust between political representatives and common members of political community. However, it is dependent on the quality of communication about consultative procedures, the transparency and justification of choices made in reference to whom to consult, how and with what aim. The article demonstrates both the empirical findings in the area of practice of public consultations in Poland as well as their critical assessment from the point of view of deliberative ideal discussed across Europe and worldwide.

scholarly journals Effect of different agronomical measures on yield and quality of autumn saved herbage during winter grazing – 1st communication: Yield and digestibility of organic matter

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Opitz von Boberfeld ◽  
K. Banzhaf ◽  
F. Hrabe ◽  
J. Skladanka ◽  
S. Kozlowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Winter Grazing ◽  
Adequate Quantity ◽  
June July

The objective of this paper was to obtain information about the effect of interactions and different agronomical measures on autumn saved herbage of different sites in Central Europe (Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Poland). Within the different sites, the effect of the factors pre-utilisation (accumulation since June, July or August) and winter harvest date (November, December or January) on dry matter (DM) yield and digestibility of organic matter (DOM) was investigated over three consecutive years. All results were examined by analysis of variance and least-significance differences (LSD) were calculated (with P &lt; 0.05). For all years, date of winter harvest was the most important source of variance. The highest yields were attained in November (varied from 2.3 to 0.8 t/ha), the lowest in January (from 1.5 to &lt; 0.2 t/ha). The highest DOM concentration (from 70.4 to 52.4% of dry matter) was reached in November, and it decreased until January (from 59.6 to 35.2% of dry matter). Predominantly caused by the prevailing climatic conditions, the DM yields of the sites varied considerably during winter, showing a significance for the interaction winter harvest date &times; site as well as for the factor site. The utilisation of autumn saved herbage, pre-utilised in July, might be the best opportunity providing an adequate quantity and DOM for suckler cows until the end of the year, but the prevailing climatic conditions at different sites inCentral Europe finally decide on the practicability of winter grazing. &nbsp;

Professional dilemmas for caregivers in Turkish home care settings in Germany

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Basche
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Or Education ◽  
Migrant Communities ◽  
Caregiver Relationship ◽  
International Nursing ◽  
Nursing Literature ◽  
Intercultural Care ◽  
The Given

While calling for culturally sensitive healthcare services in migrant communities, the international nursing literature on intercultural care predominantly describes nursing staff as lacking cultural competences and immigrant customers as lacking cleverness to navigate the labyrinths of national healthcare systems. Congruences in language, culture and religion in the customer-caregiver relationship can decisively improve the quality of care. However, they do not automatically guarantee smooth working processes in monocultural in-home settings. On the contrary, new problems occur here for Turkish caregivers which are unknown to the legions of native professionals who feel challenged by migrants and which go beyond differences such as age, sex, income or education. While no cultural or religious brokering is necessary between customers and personnel in the given context in Germany, new challenges arise when caregivers are expected to legally broker between customers and insurance companies or doctors. Conflicting expectations of customers and management as well as their own colliding social and professional roles put the caregivers in a quandary and must be competently managed.

DROUGHT OCCURRENCE UNDER LITHUANIAN CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laima TAPARAUSKIENĖ ◽  
Veronika LUKŠEVIČIŪTĖ
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Precipitation Record ◽  
Calculation Step ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
June July

This study provides the analysis of drought conditions of vegetation period in 1982-2014 year in two Lithuanian regions: Kaunas and Telšiai. To identify drought conditions the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was applied. SPI was calculated using the long-term precipitation record of 1982–2014 with in-situ meteorological data. Calculation step of SPI was taken 1 month considering only vegetation period (May, June, July, August, September). The purpose of investigation was to evaluate the humidity/aridity of vegetation period and find out the probability of droughts occurrence under Lithuanian climatic conditions. It was found out that according SPI results droughts occurred in 14.5 % of all months in Kaunas region and in 15.8 % in Telšiai region. Wet periods in Kaunas region occurred in 15.8 %, and in Telšiai region occurrence of wet periods was – 18.8 % from all evaluated months. According SPI evaluation near normal were 69.7 % of total months during period of investigation in Kaunas and respectively – 65.5 % in Telšiai. The probability for extremely dry period under Lithuania climatic conditions are pretty low – 3.0 % in middle Lithuania and 2.4 % in western part of Lithuania.

Behavior of Some Varieties in the Kernel Group to the Attack of the Main Pathogens

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sînziana Venera Morărița
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Complex Chemical ◽  
Complex Chemical Composition ◽  
Large Production ◽  
Special Quality

Abstract Although relatively recent, peach culture has grown great in our country due to the special quality of the fruit, its very complex chemical composition and the large production that can be obtained without much effort. Peach is a species slightly adapted to our climatic conditions, suffers from winter frost, but can provide productive and long productions of 10-15 years.

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