Optimizing Truck Cab Layout for Driver Accommodation

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (11) ◽  
pp. 1110-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew B. Parkinson ◽  
Matthew P. Reed ◽  
Michael Kokkolaras ◽  
Panos Y. Papalambros
Keyword(s):  
Cost Driver ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Population Sampling ◽  
The People ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Cognitive Capability ◽  
Posture Prediction ◽  
Heavy Truck ◽  
Artifact Design

One important source of variability in the performance and success of products designed for use by people is the people themselves. In many cases, the acceptability of the design is affected more by the variability in the human users than by the variability attributable to the hardware from which the product is constructed. Designing for human variability as an inherent part of the product optimization process can improve the overall performance of the product. This paper presents a new approach to artifact design that applies population sampling and stochastic posture prediction in an optimization environment to achieve optimal designs that are robust to variability among users, including differences in age, physical size, strength, and cognitive capability. A case study involving the layout of the interior of a heavy truck cab is presented, focusing on simultaneous placement of the seat and steering-wheel adjustment ranges. Trade-offs between adjustability (an indicator of cost), driver accommodation, and safety are explored under this paradigm.

Robust Truck Cabin Layout Optimization Using Advanced Driver Variance Models

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew B. Parkinson ◽  
Matthew P. Reed ◽  
Michael Kokkolaras ◽  
Panos Y. Papalambros
Keyword(s):  
Cost Driver ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Design Under Uncertainty ◽  
Physical Size ◽  
The People ◽  
Cognitive Capability ◽  
Heavy Truck ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Inherent Part

One important source of variance in the performance and success of products designed for use by people is the people themselves. In many cases, the acceptability of the design is affected more by the variance in the human users than by the variance attributable to the hardware from which the product is constructed. Consequently, optimization of products used by people may benefit from consideration of human variance through robust design methodologies. We propose that design under uncertainty methodologies can be utilized to generate designs that are robust to variance among users, including differences in age, physical size, strength, and cognitive capability. Including human variance as an inherent part of the product optimization process will improve the overall performance of the product (be it comfort, maintainability, cognitive performance, or other metrics of interest) and could lead to products that are more accessible to broader populations, less expensive, and safer. A case study involving the layout of the interior of a heavy truck cab is presented, focusing on simultaneous placement of the seat and steering wheel adjustment ranges. Tradeoffs between adjustability/cost, driver accommodation, and safety are explored under this paradigm.

The Mysteries of Toxaphene and Toxic Fish

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Langston
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Lake Superior ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Tribal Communities ◽  
The People ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Toxic Contamination ◽  
History Of

Toxaphene offers a case study on the history of toxic contamination in Lake Superior fish. How did chemicals such as toxaphene make their way into fish in the postwar era? How did governments and communities around the Great Lakes struggle to comprehend and then control these toxics? This chapter explores the intersection of human culture with the pollutants that have made their way into water bodies — and the bodies of fish and the people who eat those fish — everywhere. Fish is a healthy source of protein that we’re encouraged to eat, and eating fish is also of great cultural significance to people, particularly tribal communities, throughout the Great Lakes region. But the potential toxicity of fish today forces people to make difficult trade-offs: How much fish do you eat when it’s culturally important? How much do you eat when you’re pregnant?

scholarly journals Privacy, Ethics, and Data Access: A Case Study of the Fragile Families Challenge

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 237802311881302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Lundberg ◽  
Arvind Narayanan ◽  
Karen Levy ◽  
Matthew J. Salganik
Keyword(s):  
Data Access ◽  
The United States ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Fragile Families ◽  
Disadvantaged Children ◽  
Mass Collaboration ◽  
The People ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Fundamental Tension

Stewards of social data face a fundamental tension. On one hand, they want to make their data accessible to as many researchers as possible to facilitate new discoveries. At the same time, they want to restrict access to their data as much as possible to protect the people represented in the data. In this article, we provide a case study addressing this common tension in an uncommon setting: the Fragile Families Challenge, a scientific mass collaboration designed to yield insights that could improve the lives of disadvantaged children in the United States. We describe our process of threat modeling, threat mitigation, and third-party guidance. We also describe the ethical principles that formed the basis of our process. We are open about out process and the trade-offs we made in the hope that others can improve on what we have done.

A Novel Approach to the Automatic Designation of Predefined Census Enumeration Areas and Population Sampling Frames: A Case Study in Somalia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarchil Qader ◽  
Veronique Lefebvre ◽  
Amy Ninneman ◽  
Kristen Himelein ◽  
Utz Pape ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Sampling ◽  
Census Enumeration ◽  
Novel Approach

The Local Government of Kulon Progo Regency Innovation in Subduing Capitalism through Community Empowerment

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Muhammad Eko Atmojo ◽  
Helen Dian Fridayani
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
District Government ◽  
The Government

Kulon Progo Regency is one of the districts that has many innovations, one of which is community empowerment in collaboration with a modern shop abbreviated as the shop name owned by the people (tomira). This research was motivated by the achievements of the Kulon Progo district government in carrying out development and innovation in the development of the Kulon Progo region by fully involving the Kulon Progo district community through community empowerment. This initiative was taken by the government of Kulon Progo Regency to improve community empowerment and protect the people of Kulon Progo Regency from various economic threats. Considering that in the past few years many modern shops have mushroomed in each district/city, so this is what makes Kulon Progo Regency move quickly to empower the community by collaborating between MSMEs or cooperative with modern shops. This study uses a qualitative method which case study approach. With the empowerment that has been done, the original products of Kulon Progo Regency or local products can be traded in modern stores so that local products in Kulon Progo Regency can compete with national products in these modern stores. The existence of such cooperation will indirectly improve the image of Kulon Progo Regency and lift the original products of Kulon Progo Regency. The lifting of the original products of Kulon Progo Regency will have a positive impact on the community, where indirectly the economy of the community will increase so that there will be prosperity for the community. Kabupaten Kulon Progo adalah salah satu kabupaten yang memiliki banyak inovasi, salah satunya adalah pemberdayaan masyarakat bekerja sama dengan toko modern disingkat nama toko yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat (tomira). Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pencapaian pemerintah kabupaten Kulon Progo dalam melakukan pengembangan dan inovasi dalam pengembangan wilayah Kulon Progo dengan melibatkan sepenuhnya masyarakat kabupaten Kulon Progo melalui pemberdayaan masyarakat. Inisiatif ini diambil oleh pemerintah Kabupaten Kulon Progo untuk meningkatkan pemberdayaan masyarakat dan melindungi masyarakat Kabupaten Kulon Progo dari berbagai ancaman ekonomi. Menimbang bahwa dalam beberapa tahun terakhir banyak toko-toko modern telah menjamur di setiap kabupaten/kota, jadi inilah yang membuat Kabupaten Kulon Progo bergerak cepat untuk memberdayakan masyarakat dengan berkolaborasi antara UMKM atau bekerjasama dengan toko-toko modern. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, dengan metode yang digunakan adalah dokumentasi. Dengan pemberdayaan yang telah dilakukan, produk asli Kabupaten Kulon Progo atau produk lokal dapat diperdagangkan di toko modern sehingga produk lokal di Kabupaten Kulon Progo dapat bersaing dengan produk nasional di toko modern ini. Adanya kerjasama tersebut secara tidak langsung akan meningkatkan citra Kabupaten Kulon Progo dan mengangkat produk asli Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Pencabutan produk asli Kabupaten Kulon Progo akan berdampak positif bagi masyarakat, di mana secara tidak langsung perekonomian masyarakat akan meningkat sehingga akan ada kesejahteraan bagi masyarakat.

Evaluation of Socio-Economic Conditions of Coldwater Fish Farmers: A Case Study of Sikkim

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-71
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Gini Coefficients ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The People

ABSTRACT The study analyses the socio-economic status, degree of income inequality and perceived socio-economic conditions of the fish farmers of the four districts of Sikkim. A total sample size of 200 fish farmers was selected from the four districts depending upon the presence of the number of farmers in each district. Purposive random sampling method was used and the results were analysed from descriptive statistics such as frequency count and percentages. The degree of income inequality was analysed through Gini coefficients. The factors that determined the perceived socio-economic living conditions were analysed with a logistic regression model. The socio-economic status of the people was found to be in good condition and there were not many variations among the fish farmers of different districts. Most of the respondents had pucca houses with the combination of firewood and LPG as a source of cooking fuel and also had access to basic amenities like electricity, drinking water and sanitation facilities in the households. The study also found that income inequality was not so severe amongst the fish farmers of the three districts except for the East district which had the strongest income inequality. The per capita income, housing condition and ratio of above primary education to total members had a significant impact on the perceived living conditions of the fish farmers. Keywords

KELOMPOK MUSIK REJUNG PESIRAH: STRATEGI ADAPTASI PADA MASYARAKAT PALEMBANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
Dwi Putri Agustini
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Traditional Music ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
The People ◽  
Musical Arrangements ◽  
The Face ◽  
Cultural Modification ◽  
Traditional Arts

The present phenomenon has clearly brought a change and the influence of the development of traditional music in Palembang society, if this is not carefully addressed, it will experience a shift, alienation and even lose its supporters. The rejung pesirah music group is one of the music groups that still maintains traditional arts in the people of Palembang. This study examines how the adaptation strategy of the rejung pesirah music group in dealing with changes and developments in Palembang society. For this reason, the approach used is cultural anthropology with qualitative case study research methods in Palembang. Data collection is done through observation, interviews and document studies that use triangulation techniques as the validation of the data, while for data analysis through content analysis and interactive models. The results showed that the adaptation strategy undertaken by the rejung pesirah music group was an act and creative ability and had a positive mindset, understanding in responding to changes and needs as an impulse to develop in the face of environmental change and development through learning processes and cultural modification, which resulted a creativity that is the creation of songs, musical arrangements, and musical instruments in the rejung pesirah music group.

scholarly journals Hindcast and Near Real-Time Monitoring of Green Macroalgae Blooms in Shallow Coral Reef Lagoons Using Sentinel-2: A New-Caledonia Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Maële Brisset ◽  
Simon Van Wynsberge ◽  
Serge Andréfouët ◽  
Claude Payri ◽  
Benoît Soulard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Algae ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Spectral Indices ◽  
Green Macroalgae ◽  
Spectral Bands ◽  
Algae Blooms ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Sentinel 2

Despite the necessary trade-offs between spatial and temporal resolution, remote sensing is an effective approach to monitor macroalgae blooms, understand their origins and anticipate their developments. Monitoring of small tropical lagoons is challenging because they require high resolutions. Since 2017, the Sentinel-2 satellites has provided new perspectives, and the feasibility of monitoring green algae blooms was investigated in this study. In the Poé-Gouaro-Déva lagoon, New Caledonia, recent Ulva blooms are the cause of significant nuisances when beaching. Spectral indices using the blue and green spectral bands were confronted with field observations of algal abundances using images concurrent with fieldwork. Depending on seabed compositions and types of correction applied to reflectance data, the spectral indices explained between 1 and 64.9% of variance. The models providing the best statistical fit were used to revisit the algal dynamics using Sentinel-2 data from January 2017 to December 2019, through two image segmentation approaches: unsupervised and supervised. The latter accurately reproduced the two algal blooms that occurred in the area in 2018. This paper demonstrates that Sentinel-2 data can be an effective source to hindcast and monitor the dynamics of green algae in shallow lagoons.

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