A Study of the Durability of a Paper-Based Friction Material Influenced by Porosity

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Physical Property ◽  
Friction Material ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Durability Test ◽  
Friction Materials ◽  
Thermal Durability ◽  
Friction Performance ◽  
Property Changes ◽  
Low Porosity

The friction performance and thermal resistance of paper-based oil immersed friction materials are influenced by the material structure formed as a result of the combination of porosity and resiliency. In this paper, the effects of porosity on the thermal durability of paper-based friction materials were studied, of which the contents are varied but the geometries are the same as used in real applications. The relationship between the degree of carbonization and the durability was discussed in several terms of mechanical property changes of the material. The friction and thermal durability tests were conducted by using an SAE No. 2 apparatus under a repeated engage-disengagement condition. To obtain the thermal durability performance the sliding surface temperature was also measured. Coefficients of friction of the low porosity material tend to decrease as the test cycle increases. And the total thickness loss of the low porosity material after durability test is bigger than that of the high porosity material. These durability performances were well correlated with the mechanical and physical property changes of the material, that is, variations of carbonization degree, permeability and hysteresis loss energy.

High Performance Cu-Based Friction Material Reinforced by Nanometer Materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 311-313 ◽  
pp. 473-476
Author(s):  
Jian Hua Du ◽  
Jian Guo Han ◽  
Cheng Fa Xu
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Friction Material ◽  
Friction Materials ◽  
Friction Tester ◽  
Nanometer Materials ◽  
Friction Performance ◽  
Scanning Electron

The Cu-based friction materials with nano-AlN (n-AlN) and nano-graphite (n-C) were prepared by powder metallurgy technology, respectively. The microstructures and friction performance were studied through scanning electron microscope (SEM) and friction tester rig, respectively. The results indicate that the n-AlN and n-C particles can enhance the properties of Cu-based friction materials remarkably. Compared with the friction materials without any nanometer materials, the wear resistance of the friction materials with n-AlN and n-C has been improved by 25 % and 11 %, respectively. The heat resistance of the materials with n-AlN and n-C has been improved 18 % and 25 %, respectively. The n-AlN and n-C particles can reduce the abrasive wear and enhance the wear resistance of the Cu-based friction materials.

Effect of Nano-AlN on the Friction Performance of Cu-Based Friction Material

2011 ◽  
Vol 694 ◽  
pp. 413-417
Author(s):  
Jian Hua Du ◽  
Yan Zang ◽  
Xiao Ying Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Friction Material ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Friction Materials ◽  
Friction Performance ◽  
Scanning Electron

The Cu-based friction materials with nano-AlN (n-AlN) particles were prepared by powder metallurgy technology. The friction performance of the friction materials was investigated through test rig. The microstructure and worn morphology were studied through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that the coefficient of the Cu-based friction materials with 0.75 wt % n-AlN is high and stable. Comparing with the traditional friction materials without n-AlN, the wear resistance and heat resistance of the friction materials with n-AlN has been improved by 25 % and 18 %, respectively. The n-AlN particles can reduced the abrasive wear and enhance the wear resistance of the Cu-based friction materials.

Full-scale dynamometer tests of composite railway brake shoes: Effect of the resin-rubber ratio on friction performance and wear

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Pablo Monreal ◽  
Neil Harrison ◽  
Eduardo Perez-Costarrosa ◽  
Miguel Zugasti ◽  
Alberto Madariaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Material ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Friction Materials ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Thermal Cracks ◽  
Friction Performance ◽  
Brake Block

Abstract Designing a friction material for a brake system entails considering the effects of each constituent and the interactions that they may present between them. In the present work, a characterization of the influence of the resin-rubber ratio in a brake block material is carried out. Railway brake shoes were produced and tested in a full-scale railway dynamometer in demanding conditions. The brake blocks had also their physical and mechanical properties tested. The progressive addition of resin was proven to heavily affect the friction level in dry and wet conditions. Interestingly, the use of 5% of resin showed significantly higher friction in wet conditions. This composition also presented more severe metal pick-up. The nature of the binder also affected wear rates (which were lower for lower resin contents), and the wear mechanism. The sample using only rubber presented thermal cracks and heavier delamination as specific failure modes. Differences on the microstructure of the friction materials were observed depending on the binder. A 5% of resin appears as a very interesting choice to avoid friction loss in wet environments without incurring in high wear rates, as long as metal pick-up is by different means diminished. Otherwise, a 100% of rubber as a binder grants the instantaneous friction stability that is often threaten by thermal fade.

Effect of Nano-Graphite on Friction Performance of Cu-Based Friction Material

2011 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 905-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Hua Du ◽  
Yuan Yuan Li ◽  
Xiao Hui Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Friction Material ◽  
Friction Materials ◽  
Friction Tester ◽  
Friction Performance ◽  
Scan Electronic Microscope ◽  
Electronic Microscope

The Cu-based friction materials with nano-graphite were prepared through powder metallurgy technology. The microstructure and friction performance were studied through scan electronic microscope (SEM) and friction tester, respectively. The results indicate that coefficient of the Cu-based friction materials with 2 wt% nano-graphite is high and stable. Comparing with the friction materials without n-C, the wear resistance and heat resistance of the friction materials with nano-graphite has been improved by 11 % and 25 %, respectively. The nano-graphite particles will reduce the abrasive wear and enhance the wear resistance of the Cu-based friction materials.

Preparation of Fe-Cu-Based Friction Material and its Adoption in Automobile Mechanical Mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol 871 ◽  
pp. 170-175
Author(s):  
Hao Li ◽  
Bo He
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
Friction Material ◽  
Powder Metallurgy Method ◽  
Friction Materials ◽  
Carbon Fiber Material ◽  
Friction Performance

To prepare a kind of Fe-Cu-based friction material with good friction performance and wear resistance, and apply it to the brake structure of automobile machinery, the powder metallurgy method is used to prepare the friction materials in the standard with 4% Ni, 4% Mo and 2% Sn as the auxiliary material, SiC, Al2O3, and zircon sand as the basic friction material, 8% graphite and 3% MoS2 as the lubricating component. Meanwhile, 50% Fe and 20% Cu is used for the preparation of friction materials. The friction and wear resistance can be increased by increasing the carbon fiber content of 0-8% concentration of the material. The results show that the friction coefficient of the Fe-Cu-based friction material is relatively gentle after the addition of 2% carbon fiber, and the compactness peaks, reaching 93.3%. Its shear strength and impact strength peak, which are 37.42Mpa and 6.7J/cm2 respectively. 4% carbon fiber material with a hardness of 120.2 HV is the hardest one, followed by 2% carbon fiber material with a hardness of 118.1 HV. Added with 2% carbon fiber, the abrasion amount of the friction-based material is 0.0027 g at room temperature and-0.0008 g at 400°C after 60 minutes respectively. With all indicators considered, the result shows that the friction performance and wear resistance of Fe-Cu-based friction materials can be increased by adding 2% carbon fiber during the preparation of basic friction materials.

A Review on Non-Asbestos Friction Materials: Material Composition and Manufacturing

2018 ◽  
Vol 1150 ◽  
pp. 22-42
Author(s):  
Dinesh Shinde ◽  
Kishore N. Mistry ◽  
Suyog Jhavar ◽  
Sunil Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Friction Material ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
Surface Wear ◽  
Friction Modifier ◽  
Friction Materials ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
The Impact

The peculiar feature of friction materials to absorb the kinetic energy of rotating wheels of an automobile to control the speed makes them remarkable in automobile field. The regulation of speed cannot be achieved with the use of single phase material as a friction material. Consequently, the friction material should be comprised of composite materials which consist of several ingredients. Incidentally, the friction materials were formulated with friction modifier, binders, fillers and reinforcements. Due to its pleasant physical properties, asbestos was being used as a filler. Past few decades, it is found that asbestos causes dangerous cancer to its inhaler, which provides a scope its replacement. Several attempts have been made to find an alternative to the hazardous asbestos. The efforts made by different researchers for the impact of every composition of composite friction material in the field are reviewed and studied for their effect on the properties of friction material. Surface morphological studies of different friction material are compared to interpret the concept of surface wear and its correlation with material properties.

scholarly journals Study on Metakaolin Impact on Concrete Performance of Resisting Complex Ions Corrosion

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Xupeng ◽  
Sun Zhuowen ◽  
Pang Jianyong
Keyword(s):  
Physical Property ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Concrete Durability ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Micro Structure ◽  
Complex Ions ◽  
Cyclic Corrosion ◽  
Property Changes ◽  
Micro Morphology ◽  
Composition Changes

The main purpose of this study is to determine the metakaolin (MK) impacts on the concrete durability when the concrete is subjected to joint corrosion of SO42−,Mg2+ and, Cl−. Four groups of concrete test samples, which contained different MK contents, were designed and tested in order to see their physical property changes and macro-morphology differences during the cyclic corrosion process. And a series of approaches, including XRD, FTIR, SEM, and EDS, were applied to study the concrete phase composition changes and the micro-morphology features of all groups. According to the test results, when reaching 20 cycles, the concrete sample with 10% MK showed the best concrete physical properties; when reaching 120 cycles, the concrete with 5% MK content showed the best durability, produced similar amount of corrosion products to ordinary concrete, and presented relatively compacted micro-structure and small internal porosity. Mg2+ actually has a great impact on metakaolin. The corrosion product quantity increased significantly when MK admixture reached 15%. Due to the great number of produced M-S-H, the corrosive ions damaged the concrete for a second time, leading to serious aggregate peeling-off, powder surface of test samples, and porous micro-structure.

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