Generating Ductile Iron Fatigue Date with a Calibrated Tuning Fork System

1980 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Warner ◽  
V. Pavelic ◽  
R. G. Taschner
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Ductile Iron ◽  
Tuning Fork ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Pure Bending ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
Bending Loads ◽  
The Many ◽  
Cast Condition

This paper presents S-N data generated on a newly designed tuning fork system. The materials tested were four different specimen groups of ductile iron. The tuning fork was designed to continuously monitor reversed bending loads applied to the specimen. The main objective of the project was to develop S-N curves for four particular groups of ductile iron materials. The basic material was an SAE-D5506 ductile iron, tested in both an as-cast condition and with a machined surface finish. This same material was tested in a quenched and tempered state, (SAE-DQ&T, MS-612 Grade, 1000S) with both as-cast and machined finishes. In order to carry out these experiments a test apparatus had to be designed, assembled, and calibrated. The end result of this procedure was a versatile tuning fork fixture for the application of the required pure bending loads and a permenent monitoring system calibrated to the loads applied to the specimen. This monitoring system, once calibrated, eliminated the need to strain gage each of the many specimens to be tested. The paper concludes with discussion of the results obtained. The material S-N data presented includes comparative points for the four log-log lines as computed by linear regression techniques.

CLIMAX 6Mn-1Mo Alloy

Alloy Digest ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Manganese Content ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Manganese Steel ◽  
Hadfield Steel ◽  
Austenitic Manganese Steel ◽  
Austenitic Manganese ◽  
The Many ◽  
Cast Condition ◽  
Lower Carbon

Abstract Climax 6Mn-1Mo alloy is a lean austenitic manganese steel which develops a structure similar to that of the well-known Hadfield manganese steel after heat treatment. A lower carbon version of this alloy has been developed to give satisfactory performance in the as-cast condition. Largely because of lower manganese content, these alloys have better abrasion resistance but lower toughness and ductility than Hadfield steel. Both alloys are designed for the many applications where a combination of good wear resistance and moderate toughness is desirable. This datasheet provides information on composition, hardness, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on wear resistance as well as casting, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: SA-322. Producer or source: Climax Molybdenum Company, A Division of Amax Inc..

Damage Identification by Embedded Piezoceramic Sensors in the Composite Plate

2006 ◽  
Vol 326-328 ◽  
pp. 1697-1700
Author(s):  
Heoung Jae Chun ◽  
Choong Hee Yi ◽  
Joon Hyung Byun
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Damage Identification ◽  
Lamb Waves ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Health Monitoring System ◽  
Localized Defects ◽  
The Many

The embedded structural health monitoring system is envisioned to be an important factor of future structural systems. One of the many attractions of in situ health monitoring system is its capability to inspect the structural systems in less intrusive way over many other visual inspections which require disassembly of built up structures when some indications have appeared that damages have occurred in the structural systems The vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process is used to fabricate woven-glass/phenol composite specimens which have the PZT sensor array embedded in them. The embedded piezoceramic (PZT) sensors are used as both transmitters and receivers. A damage identification approach is developed for a woven-glass/phenol composite laminates with known localized defects. Propagation of the Lamb waves in laminates and their interactions with the defects are examined. Lamb waves are generated by the high power ultrasonic analyzer. A real time active diagnosis system is therefore established. The results obtained show that satisfactory detection accuracy could be achieved by proposed method.

scholarly journals In vivo demonstration of load-induced fluid flow in the rat tibia and its potential implications for processes associated with functional adaptation

2000 ◽  
Vol 203 (18) ◽  
pp. 2737-2745 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L. Knothe Tate ◽  
R. Steck ◽  
M.R. Forwood ◽  
P. Niederer
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Mechanical Loading ◽  
Tension Band ◽  
Functional Adaptation ◽  
Cellular Activity ◽  
Pure Bending ◽  
Rat Tibia ◽  
Bending Loads

Load-induced extravascular fluid flow has been postulated to play a role in mechanotransduction of physiological loads at the cellular level. Furthermore, the displaced fluid serves as a carrier for metabolites, nutrients, mineral precursors and osteotropic agents important for cellular activity. We hypothesise that load-induced fluid flow enhances the transport of these key substances, thus helping to regulate cellular activity associated with processes of functional adaptation and remodelling. To test this hypothesis, molecular tracer methods developed previously by our group were applied in vivo to observe and quantify the effects of load-induced fluid flow under four-point-bending loads. Preterminal tracer transport studies were carried out on 24 skeletally mature Sprague Dawley rats. Mechanical loading enhanced the transport of both small- and larger-molecular-mass tracers within the bony tissue of the tibial mid-diaphysis. Mechanical loading showed a highly significant effect on the number of periosteocytic spaces exhibiting tracer within the cross section of each bone. For all loading rates studied, the concentration of Procion Red tracer was consistently higher in the tibia subjected to pure bending loads than in the unloaded, contralateral tibia. Furthermore, the enhancement of transport was highly site-specific. In bones subjected to pure bending loads, a greater number of periosteocytic spaces exhibited the presence of tracer in the tension band of the cross section than in the compression band; this may reflect the higher strains induced in the tension band compared with the compression band within the mid-diaphysis of the rat tibia. Regardless of loading mode, the mean difference between the loaded side and the unloaded contralateral control side decreased with increasing loading frequency. Whether this reflects the length of exposure to the tracer or specific frequency effects cannot be determined by this set of experiments. These in vivo experimental results corroborate those of previous ex vivo and in vitro studies. Strain-related differences in tracer distribution provide support for the hypothesis that load-induced fluid flow plays a regulatory role in processes associated with functional adaptation.

scholarly journals The Specifics of Use of Composite Materials in Consolidation of Historical Monuments

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Vlăescu Daniel ◽  
Djordje Krkljus ◽  
Dogaru Petrișor
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Composite Systems ◽  
Concrete Masonry ◽  
Historical Monuments ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
The Many

Abstract The use of composite systems in protecting, preserving and maintaining historical monuments has become more and more used. There are several consolidation procedures with fiber-reinforced polymeric polymers that can be applied as required or on the basis of the basic material (concrete, masonry, wood, etc.). Besides the many advantages it provides, the application of composite systems in the rehabilitation of heritage buildings and historical monuments requires minimal workmanship. More and more cities are actively involved in the rehabilitation and preservation of heritage buildings and historical monuments by launching good practice guides to preserve local cultural heritage by applying composite elements as robust as possible without the need to modify the overall dimensions of the buildings through a classic covering.

Investigations on fatigue properties of red sandstone under positive and negative pure bending loads

2022 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
pp. 126379
Author(s):  
Zhi Wang ◽  
Wenjing Qin ◽  
Yingnan Gao ◽  
Yuxiang Yang ◽  
Haopeng Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Pure Bending ◽  
Red Sandstone ◽  
Bending Loads

Real-Time Monitoring System of Cutting Process Based on Cutting Temperature

2008 ◽  
Vol 392-394 ◽  
pp. 946-950
Author(s):  
Yan Ming Quan ◽  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Y.S. Le
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Cutting Temperature ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Real Time Monitoring ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Tool Performance ◽  
Electrical Brush ◽  
Natural Thermocouple

Cutting temperature measurement and its variety tendency can reflect cutting tool performance and machined surface quality directly. By means of a mercury current collector or an electrical brush device the online measurement of thermoelectric potential of tool-workpiece natural thermocouple in milling is obtained, based on which a new cutting process real-time monitoring system is developed. The system takes the average cutting temperature in tool-workpiece interface as the monitoring target and the rotation rate of machine spindle as the adjustment object, which leaves out onerous and complex modeling and makes the monitoring and adjustment objective, direct and effective.

scholarly journals The spatial and quality dimensions of Airbnb markets

2020 ◽  
pp. 135481661989807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusto Voltes-Dorta ◽  
Federico Inchausti-Sintes
Keyword(s):  
Local Market ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Price Effects ◽  
Spatial Dimensions ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
Quality Dimensions ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Individual

Airbnb is now present in many tourist destinations worldwide. With the pricing power in the hands of the individual hosts, the assessment of competition is of great relevance. Despite the many studies on the drivers of Airbnb prices, there is no contribution yet on how quality affects the spatial dimensions of Airbnb markets. We aim to fill this gap with a case study of Bristol (United Kingdom). Using standard regression techniques, we find a quality-moderated spatial decay in the price effects of competition in local Airbnb markets. Thus, the price of a given listing is affected negatively by other listings within a set of radii that decrease with product differentiation. Beyond this local market boundary, the existence of other listings may increase prices, as demand is driven to the neighborhood- or city-wide markets because of the diversity of tourism accommodation.

Research on Tool Cutting Monitoring System Based on Cutting Force and Workpiece Surface Image Texture

2009 ◽  
Vol 16-19 ◽  
pp. 960-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Wang ◽  
Jing Lei Xin ◽  
Ji Xiang Li ◽  
Shi Wei Yin
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Image Texture ◽  
Density Parameter ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Tool Failure ◽  
Surface Image ◽  
Force Monitoring ◽  
Tool Cutting

Aim at the problem of tool cutting monitoring system between tool wear estimate by gradual information and judgment of tool failure by sharp signal, this study is to construct an integration measurement. It puts forward density parameter E of outline peak of machined surface image texture to estimate tool wear condition. It researches tool failure judgment with cutting force monitoring. Hence real-time monitoring of cutting process can be implemented to represent cutting-tool wear, failure and rationality of parameter selection in cutting state.

scholarly journals Studies of Binding Kinetics and Choice of Self-Hardening Moulding and Core Sands Used for Casting Massive Parts for Wind Power Industry under the Conditions of Krakodlew Foundry

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-226
Author(s):  
M. Rączka ◽  
B. Isendorf
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Ductile Iron ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Binding Kinetics ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Cast Material ◽  
Wind Power Industry

Abstract In highly developed countries, a significant progress in the use of alternative and clean energy sources has recently been observed. The European Union has implemented a programme to build wind turbines. It is estimated that in the coming years, thanks to the support in tax and credit, the global energy will develop very intensively. Many components of the wind turbines are castings. The basic material used for these castings is ductile iron, which in this particular case must meet high requirements imposed by the operating conditions of wind turbines. Anticipating an increase in customer demand for this type of castings, Krakodlew SA has decided to modernize its foundry using the ability to obtain external financing. The ductile iron manufacturing technology is now being developed and adapted to the specific conditions of the foundry plant, including the melting process yielding cast material with the required chemical composition, the technology of moulding, and the conditions for possible secondary metallurgy, spheroidizing treatment and graphitizing inoculation. The fulfilment of the imposed conditions for the casting production demands the use of advanced casting technologies introduced to the manufacturing process. The development of technology to launch the production of ductile iron castings for the wind power industry was supported by The National Centre for Research and Development (NCBiR). This article presents part of research on the binding kinetics of furan resin sands and choice of their composition for moulds and cores to make heavy castings used as components of equipment for the wind power industry.

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