The Influence of Processing Parameters on the Mechanical Properties of Selectively Laser Melted Stainless Steel Microlattice Structures

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tsopanos ◽  
R. A. W. Mines ◽  
S. McKown ◽  
Y. Shen ◽  
W. J. Cantwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Full Density ◽  
Laser Exposure ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Block Structures

The rapid manufacturing process of selective laser melting has been used to produce a series of stainless steel 316L microlattice structures. Laser power and laser exposure time are the two processing parameters used for manufacturing the lattice structures and, therefore, control the quality and mechanical properties of microlattice parts. An evaluation of the lattice material was undertaken by manufacturing a range of struts, representative of the individual trusses of the microlattices, as well as, microlattice block structures. Low laser powers were shown to result in significantly lower strand strengths due to the presence of inclusions of unmelted powder in the strut cross-sections. Higher laser powers resulted in struts that were near to full density as the measured strengths were comparable to the bulk 316L values. Uniaxial compression tests on microlattice blocks highlighted the effect of manufacturing parameters on the mechanical properties of these structures and a linear relationship was found between the plateau stress and elastic modulus relative to the measured relative density.

Synthesis and Properties of Open-Celled Metal Foams

2007 ◽  
Vol 534-536 ◽  
pp. 1005-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Quadbeck ◽  
Günther Stephani ◽  
Kerstin Kümmel ◽  
Joerg Adler ◽  
Gisela Standke
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Metal Foams ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Replication Technique ◽  
Highly Porous

Open-celled metal foams were synthesized using a replication technique. Therefore a reticulated polyurethane template was coated by a slurry and removed thermally, followed by a sintering step. Since the process is feasible for a multiplicity of metals the experiments were performed on the example of stainless steel 316L. Highly porous components were obtained showing adjustable densities between 0.3 and 2.0 g/cm³. The cell structure is exceedingly homogeneous and the cell sizes may be chosen in the range of 10 – 80 ppi. In order to characterise the properties, compression tests and acoustical tests were carried out. A significant influence of the density and the cell size on the acoustical and mechanical properties was noticed.

scholarly journals Experimental and Numerical Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Stainless Steel 316L Lattice Structures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Carraturo ◽  
G. Alaimo ◽  
S. Marconi ◽  
E. Negrello ◽  
E. Sgambitterra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Lattice Structures ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Octet Truss

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM), and in particular selective laser melting (SLM) technology, allows to produce structural components made of lattice structures. These kinds of structures have received a lot of research attention over recent years due to their capacity to generate easy-to-manufacture and lightweight components with enhanced mechanical properties. Despite a large amount of work available in the literature, the prediction of the mechanical behavior of lattice structures is still an open issue for researchers. Numerical simulations can help to better understand the mechanical behavior of such a kind of structure without undergoing long and expensive experimental campaigns. In this work, we compare numerical and experimental results of a uniaxial tensile test for stainless steel 316L octet-truss lattice specimen. Numerical simulations are based on both the nominal as-designed geometry and the as-build geometry obtained through the analysis of µ-CT images. We find that the use of the as-build geometry is fundamental for an accurate prediction of the mechanical behavior of lattice structures.

Yb:YAG Disc Laser Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel Without Filler Material

2009 ◽  
Vol 410-411 ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markku Keskitalo ◽  
Kari Mäntyjärvi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Solidification Cracking ◽  
Filler Material ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Butt Weld

The laser weldability of austenitic stainless steel (ASS) is good because of the material’s high absorptivity and favourable microstructure. There can be a slight possibility of solidification cracking at high welding speeds and low Crekv/Niekv ratios. Test welds were welded with a Yb:YAG disc laser. The test material was 3.2 mm EN 1.4404 2H C700 type stainless steel plate which was work hardened by cold rolling. The test materials were welded with different heat inputs ranging from 0.024 kJ/mm to 0.12 kJ/mm and with 300 mm and 200 mm focal lengths. The weld seams were square-groove welded as butt weld without filler material. The edges of the groove were made by mechanical or laser cutting. The hardness profiles from cross-sections of the welds were measured with a Vickers microhardness tester using 200 g weight. The mechanical properties were tested with tensile tests. The welds were classified with radiographic verification by an accredited laboratory. A number of the welds were fatigue tested with a bending fatigue tester. The mechanical properties (Rp 0.2%, Rm) of the laser welds were almost the same as in the base material except at the highest heat input. In the radiographic classification, the welds which were welded to the laser-cut edge were classified as class B (accepted). The other welds were classified as class D or C (rejected). The main reasons for the rejection of welds made on mechanically cut edges were lack of penetration or undercut of the weld. A problem with mechanically cut edges, and hence the welds, is that they can be non-square and bent edge. Fatigue tests and tensile tests gave no evidence of solidification cracking in the microstructure of the solidified parts of the welds.

Optimal Scanning Condition of Selective Laser Melting Processing with Stainless Steel 316L Powder

2011 ◽  
Vol 341-342 ◽  
pp. 816-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apinya Laohaprapanon ◽  
Pongnarin Jeamwatthanachai ◽  
Marut Wongcumchang ◽  
Nattapon Chantarapanich ◽  
Surapon Chantaweroad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Processing Condition ◽  
Density Measurement ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Optimal Processing

This study aimed to investigate the stainless steel 316L processing by means of selective laser melting (SLM). The processing parameters under consideration included laser power (25-225 W), scanning speed (50-320 mm/s), and scan spacing (0.04 and 0.06 mm). Every processing was constrained the layer thickness as of 100 µm. All parameters were performed based on two experiments, line scanning and multiple layers scanning. Each of final workpieces was examined by visual inspection, density measurement, hardness, and built rate. From the experiments, the optimal processing conditions which produced the smooth tracks were obtained. The workpiece processed by this optimal processing condition presented quality characteristics with 97.6% density and 220±6 HV hardness.

Influence of Friction Stir Processing Parameters on the Fabrication of SiC/316L Surface Composite

2010 ◽  
Vol 297-301 ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Salekrostam ◽  
M.K. Besharati Givi ◽  
P. Asadi ◽  
P. Bahemmat
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
The Many ◽  
Welding Processes

Compared to the many fusion welding processes that are routinely used for joining stainless steel 316L, the friction stir welding (FSW) process is an emerging solid state joining process in which the material that is being welded does not melt and is being recast. The welding parameters play a major role in deciding the weld quality. In this investigation an attempt has been made to understand the influences of rotational speed and traverse speed of the tool on the microstructure of the friction stir processing zone in stainless steel 316L. Five different tool rotational speeds have been used to fabricate the joints at four different traverse speeds from this investigation which is the optimum for the tool speed and higher or lower amounts of these parameters are not useful for the process.

scholarly journals Correlations of Geometry and Infill Degree of Extrusion Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel Components

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5173
Author(s):  
Tobias Rosnitschek ◽  
Andressa Seefeldt ◽  
Bettina Alber-Laukant ◽  
Thomas Neumeyer ◽  
Volker Altstädt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Metal Extrusion

This study focuses on the effect of part geometry and infill degrees on effective mechanical properties of extrusion additively manufactured stainless steel 316L parts produced with BASF’s Ultrafuse 316LX filament. Knowledge about correlations between infill degrees, mechanical properties and dimensional deviations are essential to enhance the part performance and further establish efficient methods for the product development for lightweight metal engineering applications. To investigate the effective Young’s modulus, yield strength and bending stress, standard testing methods for tensile testing and bending testing were used. For evaluating the dimensional accuracy, the tensile and bending specimens were measured before and after sintering to analyze anisotropic shrinkage effects and dimensional deviations linked to the infill structure. The results showed that dimensions larger than 10 mm have minor geometrical deviations and that the effective Young’s modulus varied in the range of 176%. These findings provide a more profound understanding of the process and its capabilities and enhance the product development process for metal extrusion-based additive manufacturing.

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