Characterization of a Microfabricated Differential Scanning Calorimeter

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyu Wang ◽  
Shifeng Yu ◽  
Lei Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimeter ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Drug Stability ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Small Time ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Noise Equivalent Temperature Difference ◽  
Parallel Measurement

Calorimeters are critical tools for structural based drug design and drug stability assessment. Current pharmaceutical industry is seeking for high throughput calorimeters to reduce the research time and expenditure. MEMS-based calorimeter is a potential solution for it, since they are miniaturized to detect the enthalpy change during macro molecular interaction with smaller amount of samples, shorter time and could easily enable parallel measurement. Consequently, we present a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) that requires 2μL sample volume. It has high thermal insulation (1210μW/K), small time constant (6.95s) and high sensitivity (7.5V/W). The low noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD) could lead to 130nW of power resolution. These characterization results indicate the device could be potentially applied for macromolecular interaction application and increase the throughput with high performance.

scholarly journals Separation and characterization of pentacarboxylic porphyrinogen isomers by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection

1987 ◽  
Vol 243 (2) ◽  
pp. 621-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Li ◽  
C K Lim ◽  
T J Peters
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Electrochemical Detection ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Preparative Isolation ◽  
Naturally Occurring

A reversed-phase h.p.l.c. system is described for the separation of all five naturally occurring pentacarboxylic porphyrinogen isomers. The compounds are detected electrochemically with high sensitivity. The peaks are positively identified by h.p.l.c. analysis of the pentacarboxylic porphyrinogens from reduction of pentacarboxylic porphyrins prepared by partial decarboxylation of hexa- and hepta-carboxylic porphyrin III of known structures. The resolution of pentacarboxylic porphyrinogens is superior to that of the porphyrins and the method is applicable to the small-scale preparative isolation of pure isomers.

scholarly journals Influence of Citrus Flavor Addition in Brewing Process: Characterization of the Volatile and Non-Volatile Profile to Prevent Frauds and Adulterations

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Emanuela Trovato ◽  
Adriana Arigò ◽  
Federica Vento ◽  
Giuseppe Micalizzi ◽  
Paola Dugo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Volatile Profile ◽  
Analytical Strategy ◽  
Process Characterization

In the last few years, the flavored beer market has increased significantly. In particular, consumers showed a growing interest in citrus-flavored beers. Citrus fruits contain, among other class of compounds, terpenes and terpenoids and oxygenated heterocyclic compounds. The absence of a specific legislation concerning beer flavored production and ingredients reported on the labels makes these beers subject to possible adulterations. Solid phase micro extraction (SPME) followed by gas chromatographic–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatographic-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) analysis of the volatile profile together with the characterization of the oxygen heterocyclic compounds through high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) demonstrated to be a powerful analytical strategy for quality control. In this study, we combined the volatile and non-volatile profiles of “citrus flavored mainstream beers”, in order to evaluate the authenticity and determine markers to prevent food frauds. The changes in the aroma composition of the unflavored types after the addition of peel, or citrus essential oil were also evaluated. The linear retention index (LRI) system was used for both techniques; in particular, its application in liquid chromatography is still limited and represents a novelty. The coupling of the high sensitivity of the HPLC MS/MS method with the LRI system, it has made possible for the first time a reliable identification and an accurate quantification of furocoumarins in citrus-flavored beers.

Electrophoretic Distribution of FVIII:C Measured by Chromogenic and Clotting Methods and Comparison with other FVIII-Associated Activities

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Seghatchian
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Parallel Measurement ◽  
Immunochemical Investigation ◽  
Molecular Nature ◽  
Visual Marker ◽  
Generation Activity

The new technique of meesuring FVIII-associated activities in agrose gel after electrophoresis has made it possible to investigate the molecular nature of FVIII components and their electrophoretic distribution. The method has been successfully used for the characterization of the neterogeneous nature of FVIIIR. Ag in commercially available FVIII concentrate and cryoprecipitate obtained from normal, haemophilia and WD patients and their response to transfusion of FVIII concentrates. The mobility of FVIIIR:Ag measured by X-immunoelectrophoresis in these samples was compared with the VIII:C distribution by chromogenic, one stage end two stage clotting, and FVIIIR. HCF measured by both the slope of ristocetin induced platelet aggregation (RIPA) and by the measurement of non aggregated platelets. Different methods measured various forms of FVIII to differing degrees. FVIII:C methods had the highest sensitivity for the identification of FVIII, particularly the smaller forms, while RIPA and antigen methods preferentially measured the larger aggregates. The presence of a FVIII subunit with FXa generation activity and o faster mobility than the main FVIIIR:Ag became apparent in all the preparation analysed. The high sensitivity, and the staining properties of chromogenic methods, particularly after the colour intensifying reaction made this method also a good visual marker of FVIII distribution in agrose: Thus in certain types of immunochemical investigation the FVIIIR:Ag assay may be replaced by quantitative chromogenic FVIII:C. The parallel measurement of FVIII related activities provided a new approach to the diagnosis and the control of m:. najo mese of FVIII functional abnormalities.

Mechanical and Material Characterization of Bilayer Microcantilever-based IR detectors

2011 ◽  
Vol 1299 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-Kuan Lin ◽  
Ping Du ◽  
Yanhang Zhang ◽  
Xin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Material Characterization ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Isothermal Holding ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Device Performance ◽  
Ir Detectors ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Noise Equivalent Temperature Difference ◽  
Ir Detection

ABSTRACTInfrared radiation (IR) detection and imaging are of great importance to a variety of military and civilian applications. Microcantilever-based IR detectors have recently gained a lot of interest because of their potential to achieve extremely low noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD) while maintaining low cost to make them affordable to more applications. However, the curvature induced by residual strain mismatch within the microcantilever severely decreases the device performance. To meet performance and reliability requirement, it is important to fully understand the deformation of IR detectors. Therefore, the purpose of this study is threefold: (1) to develop an engineering approach to flatten IR detectors, (2) to model and predict the elastic deformation of IR detectors using finite element analysis (FEA), and (3) to study the inelastic deformation during isothermal holding.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Characterization of High-Sensitivity Underwater Acoustic Multimedia Communication Devices with Thick Composite PZT Films

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeng-Cheng Liu ◽  
Yuang-Tung Cheng ◽  
Sheng-Yun Ho ◽  
Hsien-Sen Hung ◽  
Shun-Hsyung Chang
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Microelectromechanical Systems ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Epitaxial Thin Films ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Pzt Films ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
Mems Process

This paper presents a high-sensitivity hydrophone fabricated with a Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) process using epitaxial thin films grown on silicon wafers. The evaluated resonant frequency was calculated through finite-element analysis (FEA). The hydrophone was designed, fabricated, and characterized by different measurements performed in a water tank, by using a pulsed sound technique with a sensitivity of −190 dB ± 2 dB for frequencies in the range 50–500 Hz. These results indicate the high-performance miniaturized acoustic devices, which can impact a variety of technological applications.

Small-diameter p-type SnS nanowire photodetectors and phototransistors with low-noise and high-performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruoling Chen ◽  
Long Li ◽  
Long Jiang ◽  
Xiangxiang Yu ◽  
Desheng Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Dark Current ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Response Speed ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
P Type

Abstract P-type nanostructured photodetectors and phototransistors have been widely used in the field of photodetection due to their excellent electrical and optoelectronic characteristics. However, the large dark current of p-type photodetectors will limit the detectivity. Herein, we synthesized small-diameter single-crystalline p-type SnS nanowires (NWs) and then fabricated single SnS NW photodetectors and phototransistors. The device exhibits low noise and low dark current, and its noise current power is as low as 2.4 × 10−28 A2. Under 830 nm illumination and low power density of 0.12 mW cm2, the photoconductive gain, responsivity and detectivity of the photodetector are as high as 3.9 × 102, 2.6 × 102 A W−1 and 1.8 × 1013 Jones, respectively, at zero gate voltage. The rise and fall time of response are about 9.6 and 14 ms. The experimental results show that the small-diameter p-type SnS NWs have broad application prospects in high-performance and low-power photodetectors with high sensitivity, fast response speed and wide spectrum detection in the future.

scholarly journals Characterization of a dual-beam, dual-camera optical imaging polarimeter

2020 ◽  
Vol 494 (4) ◽  
pp. 4676-4686
Author(s):  
Manisha Shrestha ◽  
Iain A Steele ◽  
Andrzej S Piascik ◽  
Helen Jermak ◽  
Robert J Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Data Reduction ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Reduction Algorithm ◽  
Dual Beam ◽  
Instrumental Polarization ◽  
Transient Sources

ABSTRACT Polarization plays an important role in various time-domain astrophysics to understand the magnetic fields, geometry, and environments of spatially unresolved variable sources. In this paper we present the results of laboratory and on-sky testing of a novel dual-beam, dual-camera optical imaging polarimeter (MOPTOP) exploiting high sensitivity, low-noise CMOS technology, and designed to monitor variable and transient sources with low systematic errors and high sensitivity. We present a data reduction algorithm that corrects for sensitivity variations between the cameras on a source-by-source basis. Using our data reduction algorithm, we show that our dual-beam, dual-camera technique delivers the benefits of low and stable instrumental polarization (<0.05 per cent for lab data and <0.25 per cent for on sky data) and high throughput while avoiding the additional sky brightness and image overlap problems associated with dual-beam, single-camera polarimeters.

Electrophoretic Distribution of FVIII:C Measured By Chromogenic and Clotting Methods and Comparison with Other FVIII-Associated Activities

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Seghatchian
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Parallel Measurement ◽  
Immunochemical Investigation ◽  
Molecular Nature ◽  
Visual Marker ◽  
Generation Activity

The new technicme of measuring FVIII-associated activities in agrose gel after electrophoresis has made it possible to investigate the molecular nature of FVIII components and their electrophoretic distribution. The method has been successfully used for the characterization of the neterogeneous nature of FVIIIR:Ag in commercially available FVIII concentrate and cryoprecipitate obtained from normal, haemophilia and VWD patients and their response to transfusion of FVIII concentrates. The mobility of FVIIIR:Ag measured by X-immunoelectrophoresis in these samples was compared with the VIII:C distribution by chromogenic, one stage and two stage clotting, and FVIIIR:RCF measured by both the slope of ristocetin induced platelet aggregation (RIPA) and by the measurement of non aggregated platelets. Different methods measured various forms of FVIII to differing degrees. FVIII:C methods had the highest sensitivity for the identification of FVIII, particularly the smaller forms, while RIPA and antigen methods preferentially measured the larger aggregates. The presence of a FVIII subunit with FXa generation activity and a faster mobility than the main FVIIIR:Ag became apparent in all the preparation analysed. The high sensitivity, and the staining properties of chromogenic methods, particularly after the colour intensifying reaction made this method also a good visual marker of FVIII distribution in agrose: Thus in certain types of immunochemical investigation the FVIIIR:Ag assay may be replaced by quantitative chromogenic FVIII:C. The parallel measurement of FVIII related activities provided a new approach to the diagnosis and the control of management of FVIII functional abnormalities.

Ultrastructural identification of three types of sensory setae on copepod antennae

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 956-957
Author(s):  
T. M. Weatherby ◽  
P.H. Lenz
Keyword(s):  
Phase Locking ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Calanoid Copepods ◽  
Marine Food Webs ◽  
Dendritic Membrane ◽  
Ultrastructural Characterization

Crustaceans, as well as other arthropods, are covered with sensory setae and hairs, including mechanoand chemosensory sensillae with a ciliary origin. Calanoid copepods are small planktonic crustaceans forming a major link in marine food webs. In conjunction with behavioral and physiological studies of the antennae of calanoids, we undertook the ultrastructural characterization of sensory setae on the antennae of Pleuromamma xiphias.Distal mechanoreceptive setae exhibit exceptional behavioral and physiological performance characteristics: high sensitivity (<10 nm displacements), fast reaction times (<1 msec latency) and phase locking to high frequencies (1-2 kHz). Unusual structural features of the mechanoreceptors are likely to be related to their physiological sensitivity. These features include a large number (up to 3000) of microtubules in each sensory cell dendrite, arising from or anchored to electron dense rods associated with the ciliary basal body microtubule doublets. The microtubules are arranged in a regular array, with bridges between and within rows. These bundles of microtubules extend far into each mechanoreceptive seta and terminate in a staggered fashion along the dendritic membrane, contacting a large membrane surface area and providing a large potential site of mechanotransduction.

Preparation and Characterization of NH2-Terminal Fibrinogen Bβ Fragments from N-DSK of Human Fibrinogen

1984 ◽  
Vol 51 (01) ◽  
pp. 016-021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Birken ◽  
G Agosto ◽  
B Lahiri ◽  
R Canfield
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Ion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Human Fibrinogen ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Cnbr Cleavage ◽  
Two Peaks

SummaryIn order to investigate the early release of NH2-terminal plasmic fragments from the Bβ chain of fibrinogen, substantial quantities of Bβ 1-42 and Bβ 1-21 are required as immunogens, as radioimmunoassay standards and for infusion into human volunteers to determine the half-lives of these peptides. Towards this end methods that employ selective proteolytic cleavage of these fragments from fibrinogen have been developed. Both the N-DSK fragment, produced by CNBr cleavage of fibrinogen, and Bβ 1-118 were employed as substrates for plasmin with the finding of higher yields from N-DSK. Bβ 1-42 and Bβ 1-21 were purified by gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography on SP-Sephadex using volatile buffers. When the purified preparation of Bβ 1-42 was chromatographed on reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography, two peaks of identical amino acid composition were separated, presumably due either to pyroglutamate or to amide differences.

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