Visualization of Pulsed Aerated Liquid Jet in Supersonic Cross Flow

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sapmaz ◽  
B. Alkan ◽  
C. X. Lin ◽  
C. Ghenai
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Liquid Jet ◽  
Pure Liquid ◽  
Jet Injection ◽  
Fuel Jet ◽  
Air Mixing ◽  
Jet Penetration

The success of supersonic air-breathing propulsion systems will be largely dependent on efficient injection, mixing, and combustion inside the supersonic combustion chamber. Fuel/air mixing enhancement inside the combustion chamber will depend on the strategies used to control the fuel jet penetration and liquid fuel droplet size, trajectory, and dispersion. We present in these paper experimental results on the mixing of pure liquid jet, aerated liquid jet and pulsed aerated liquid jet in supersonic cross flow. Transverse aerated liquid jet injection will offer relatively rapid near-field mixing, good fuel penetration and better atomization of liquid fuel. Fully modulated or pulsed fuel jet injection will introduce additional supplementary turbulent mixing. High speed imaging system is used in this study for the visualization of the injection of liquid jet in high speed cross flow. The results presented in this paper show the effect of jet/cross flow momentum ratio, the gas/liquid mass ratio and pulsing frequency on the penetration of aerated liquid jet in supersonic cross-flow. The data generated in this study will be used for the development of active control strategies to optimize the liquid fuel jet penetration and supersonic fuel/air mixing.

Penetration of Aerated Liquid Fuel Jet in Supersonic Cross Flow

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ghenai ◽  
H. Sapmaz ◽  
C. X. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Liquid Jet ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Liquid Mass ◽  
Fuel Jet ◽  
Air Mixing ◽  
Jet Penetration

The success of supersonic air-breathing propulsion systems will be largely dependent on efficient injection, mixing, and combustion inside the supersonic combustion chamber. Fuel/air mixing enhancement inside the combustion chamber will depend on the strategies used to control the fuel jet penetration and liquid fuel droplet size, trajectory, and dispersion. We present in this paper experimental results on the penetration and mixing of aerated liquid fuel jet in supersonic cross flow (M=1.5). The aerated liquid jet or the barbotage technique where a small amount of gas is added to the liquid fuel will accelerate the atomization of the liquid jet and offer a good fuel penetration. High speed imaging system is used in this study for the visualization of pure and aerated liquid jet. For the aerated liquid jet the gas/liquid mass ratio was varied between 0 and 9.9 %. The results presented in this paper shows the effect of jet/cross flow momentum ratio, and gas/liquid mass ratio on the structure and penetration of aerated liquid jet (methanol) in high speed cross flow. The data generated in this study are used for the development of active control strategies to optimize the liquid fuel jet penetration and supersonic fuel/air mixing.

A Model on Liquid Penetration Into Soft Material With Application to Needle-Free Jet Injection

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Chen ◽  
Hua Zhou ◽  
Ji Li ◽  
Gary J. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Liquid Jet ◽  
Liquid Penetration ◽  
Jet Injection ◽  
Free Jet ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Jet Penetration ◽  
Continuous Deposition

A mathematical model has been presented for a high speed liquid jet penetration into soft solid by a needle-free injection system. The model consists of a cylindrical column formed by the initial jet penetration and an expansion sphere due to continuous deposition of the liquid. By solving the equations of energy conservation and volume conservation, the penetration depth and the radius of the expansion sphere can be predicted. As an example, the calculation results were presented for a typical needle-free injection system into which a silicon rubber was injected into. The calculation results were compared with the experimental results.

THE EFFECTS OF AIR-ASSIST UPON LIQUID FUEL JET PENETRATION AND DISPERSION IN A CROSS-FLOW OF PREHEATED AIR

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1177-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zu Puayen Tan ◽  
E. Lubarsky ◽  
O. Bibik ◽  
D. Shcherbik ◽  
B. T. Zinn
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Fuel Jet ◽  
Jet Penetration

Investigation of A Low Emission Liquid Fueled Reverse-Cross-Flow Combustor

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Preetam Sharma ◽  
Naman Jain ◽  
Vaibhav Kumar Arghode
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Intensity Variation ◽  
Air Injection ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Fuel Jet

The investigated combustor employs injection of liquid fuel (ethanol) into the strong cross-flow of air using a round tube to achieve effective fuel atomization in non-premixed mode of operation. The reverse-flow configuration (air injection from the exit end) allows effective internal product gas recirculation and stabilization of the reaction zone. This apparently suppresses near-stoichiometric reactions and hot spot regions resulting in low pollutant (NOx and CO) emissions in the non-premixed mode. The combustor was tested at thermal intensity variation from 19 to 39 MW/m3 atm with direct injection (DI) of liquid fuel in cross-flow of air injection with two fuel injection diameters of 0.5 mm (D1) and 0.8 mm (D2). The combustion process was found to be stable with NOx emissions of 8 ppm (for D1) and 9 ppm (for D2), the CO emissions were 90 ppm for D1 and 120 ppm for D2, at an equivalence ratio (ϕ) of 0.7. Macroscopic spray properties of the fuel jet in cross-flow were investigated using high-speed imaging techniques in unconfined and nonreacting conditions. It was found that the fuel jet in smaller fuel injection diameter (D1) case penetrated farther than that in D2 case due to higher fuel injection momentum, thus possibly resulting in a finer spray and better fuel-oxidizer mixing, and in turn leading to lower CO and NOx emissions in the D1 case as compared with the D2 case.

Analysis of Micro-Explosion Phenomenon in a Constant Volume Chamber by Butanol-Biodiesel-Diesel Blend Fuel

2012 ◽  
Vol 443-444 ◽  
pp. 996-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Liu ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Ying Gao ◽  
Xin Mei Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Constant Volume ◽  
Liquid Jet ◽  
Penetration Length ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Constant Volume Chamber ◽  
Jet Penetration

Different blend ratio of ternary component fuel was tested inside a constant volume chamber to investigate fuel injection and combustion under similar real engine working conditions. Because liquid spray light scattering is the different reflective rate from the liquid droplets and its surrounding background, butanol-biodiesel-diesel liquid jet penetration length can be highlighted in the images taken by high speed camera. Various ambient temperatures from 800K to 1200K and fuel composition were investigated. Measured results showed that sudden but repeatable drop of liquid jet penetration length at constant ambient temperature conditions of 800K and 900K. With ambient temperature increasing, this phenomenon became weak and disappeared. So more works focus on non-combusting experiments in order to delete combustion reflect. With butanol and biodiesel content increasing, micro explosion becomes prone excited and more violent because of the enlarged differences in volatilities and boiling point among the components. It is concluded that micro explosion which will distinctly enhances premixed combustion process and heat release rate but it present under certain initial ambient temperature conditions only and the light fuel content shouldn’t be lower than 10%.

Effect of Cross-Flow Swirl on the Trajectory of Spray in an Annular Passage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tushar Sikroria ◽  
Abhijit Kushari
Keyword(s):  
Momentum Flux ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Flux Ratio ◽  
Liquid Jet ◽  
Swirl Number ◽  
Flow Swirl ◽  
Air Stream ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper presents the experimental analysis of the impact of swirl number of cross-flowing air stream on liquid jet spray trajectory at a fixed air flow velocity of 42 m/s with the corresponding Mach number of 0.12. The experiments were conducted for 4 different swirl numbers (0, 0.2, 0.42 and 0.73) using swirl vanes at air inlet having angles of 0°, 15°, 30° and 45° respectively. Liquid to air momentum flux ratio (q) was varied from 5 to 25. High speed (@ 500 fps) images of the spray were captured and those images were processed using MATLAB to obtain the path of the spray at various momentum flux ratios. The results show interesting trends for the spray trajectory and the jet spread in swirling air flow. High swirling flows not only lead to spray with lower radial penetration due to sharp bending and disintegration of liquid jet, but also result in spray with high jet spread and spray area. Based on the results, correlations for the spray path have been proposed which incorporates the effects of the swirl number of the air flow.

CHANGES IN THE AREA BRIGHTNESS OF DIESEL FUEL SPRAY ZONES

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 506-509
Author(s):  
Кулманаков ◽  
S. Kulmanakov ◽  
Кирюшин ◽  
I. Kiryushin
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Pressure Range ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
Jet Injection ◽  
Axial Section ◽  
Fuel Jet ◽  
Fuel Stream

The article contains a description of the experimental setup and the stent-speed video atomized fuel stream, applicable for the study of the jet sputtering process liquid fuel. In axial section shows information about the dynamics of the area of the normalized luminance zones in the diesel fuel jet injection pressure range of 60 MPa to 180 MPa

Experimental Investigation of Liquid Jet Breakup in a Cross Flow of a Swirling Air Stream

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tushar Sikroria ◽  
Abhijit Kushari ◽  
Saadat Syed ◽  
Jeffery A. Lovett
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Momentum Flux ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Flux Ratio ◽  
Liquid Jet ◽  
Breakup Process ◽  
Breakup Length ◽  
Jet Breakup ◽  
Penetration Behavior

This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of liquid jet breakup in a cross flow of air under the influence of swirl (swirl numbers 0 and 0.2) at a fixed air flow Mach number 0.12 (typical gas turbine conditions). The experiments have been conducted for various liquid to air momentum flux ratios (q) in the range of 1 to 25. High speed (@ 500 fps) images of the jet breakup process are captured and those images are processed using matlab to obtain the variation of breakup length and penetration height with momentum flux ratio. Using the high speed images, an attempt has been made to understand the physics of the jet breakup process by identification of breakup modes—bag breakup, column breakup, shear breakup, and surface breakup. The results show unique breakup and penetration behavior which departs from the continuous correlations typically used. Furthermore, the images show a substantial spatial fluctuation of the emerging jet resulting in a wavy nature related to effects of instability waves. The results with 15 deg swirl show reduced breakup length and penetration related to the nonuniform distribution of velocity that offers enhanced fuel atomization in swirling fuel nozzles.

Droplet Interaction in the Liquid Injection by Multiple Orifices in the Performance of a Venturi Scrubber

2008 ◽  
Vol 591-593 ◽  
pp. 896-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vádila Giovana Guerra ◽  
M.A.F. Daher ◽  
M.V. Rodrigues ◽  
José Antônio Silveira Gonçalves ◽  
José Renato Coury
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Liquid Jet ◽  
Gas Velocity ◽  
Venturi Scrubber ◽  
Liquid Injection ◽  
Multiple Jets ◽  
Jet Penetration

The Venturi scrubber, equipment frequently used in the removal of particles from gases, is constituted basically by a duct with a convergent section followed by a constriction, or throat, and a divergent section. A liquid, usually injected in the throat, is atomized by the flowing air at high speed. The formed droplets act as collectors of particles from the gas. The size and the size distribution of the droplets inside the equipment are therefore of great importance in the equipment performance. In the present work, the liquid jet penetration is visualized and the study of the droplet formation in a rectangular Venturi is carried out. The liquid injection is made through multiple orifices and the interaction of multiple jets is taken into account. In the experimental tests, the gas velocity in the throat, the liquid flow rate and the number of orifices for liquid injection were varied. A Malvern Spraytec aerosol analyzer was used for measuring of the droplet size and size distribution. The results showed that the liquid jet penetration influences significantly the size of the formed droplet.

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