scholarly journals Regulatory Aspects

Author(s):  
L. Baekelandt

Abstract On the 19th of July 2001, the Belgian government approved a draft royal decree laying down new general regulations for the protection of workers, the public and the environment against the hazards of ionising radiation. The decree was signed by the King on the 20th of July and subsequently published in the Official Journal on the 30th of August 2001. The new regulations entered into force on the first of September 2001. They replace the Royal Decree of the 28th of February 1963.


Author(s):  
Campo Javier Redonet Sánchez del

This chapter considers the prospectus in Spain. Historically, and unlike other European Union jurisdictions, before the enactment of Directive 2003/71/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 November 2003 on the prospectus to be published when securities are offered to the public or admitted to trading and amending Directive 2001/34/EC (the ‘Prospectus Directive’), Spain lacked any explicit regulation on the civil liability arising from the defective content of prospectuses for securities offerings and listings in regulated markets. Nevertheless, legal authors having researched on the matter had expressed the view that liability attached to prospectuses on the basis of the general principles of tort liability. The legal regime of prospectus liability enshrined by the Securities Market Act and Royal Decree 1310/2005 is not fully comprehensive, however. In addition, it is completed with the general principles of civil liability contained in the Spanish Civil Code as construed by case law stemming from the Spanish Supreme Court.



Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier ◽  
Jesús ◽  
Julio ◽  
Paulo

The requirements concerning the energy certification of buildings established in Directive 2002/91/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2002, which was in turn modified by Directive 2010/31/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, of 19 May 2010, regarding the energy efficiency of buildings, were transposed into Spanish legislation through Royal Decree 47/2007, dated January 19, through which a Basic Procedure for certification was approved of energy efficiency of new buildings, which was consolidated by Royal Decree 235/2013, of April 5, which approves the basic procedure for the certification of the energy efficiency of buildings. In said Royal Decree, it is established that existing buildings or units of buildings occupied by a public authority, must obtain an energy efficiency certificate and will have the obligation to display their energy efficiency label, when their total useful area exceeds 250 m2, and are usually frequented by the public. The Basic Procedure is established that must comply with the methodology for calculating the energy efficiency rating, considering those factors that have the greatest impact on their energy consumption, as well as the technical and administrative conditions for the energy efficiency certifications of the buildings. For this purpose, three software programs were promoted from the competent Ministry, one corresponding to the general option (LIDER-CALENER “HULC” unified tool) and two others corresponding to the simplified option (simplified procedures CE3 and CE3X), which allow the energy qualification to be carried out of buildings according to three types of buildings (residential, small and medium-sized tertiary, and large tertiary) that are increasing the requirements of the energy certification of the building depending on the type of the same. This study identifies the possible alternatives for improving energy efficiency over the initial qualification of the building, within a context of technical and economic feasibility, optimizing energy demand, reducing CO2 emissions and building energy consumption, being The study also compares the results obtained in the energy rating, between the general option and the simplified procedures, on an Andalusian health center in 1957, which corresponds to the typology of the Grand Tertiary building (GT).



Author(s):  
Miad Taqi Said Al-Amri ◽  
Zahra Al Rawahi ◽  
Vikas Rao Naidu

The National Center for Statistics and Information (NCSI) in Oman was established in accordance to the Royal Decree 31/2012 affiliated to the Supreme Council for Planning. It is one of the most important sources for the development and sustainability of Oman's economy and is one of the entities, which have an information bank that helps to create Oman’s strategic plan. Most of this information is being used by high-level planners, which include governments, semi governments, and private sectors through the portal and other media sources. However, the majority of the information in terms of statistics is made available to the public through newspapers and magazines. This research paper focuses on the need for developing an information system channel through which NCSI can communicate and pass its information to every individual in the Sultanate of Oman with ease. Some information is required for study at the school level as well and thus, by considering various HCI (human-computer interaction) principles, the authors will be proposing a framework for a new electronic platform, which will be based on interactive media platform, which could be made available on Smart devices as well. This will increase the scope of this research and the outcomes will benefit the majority of the people. The need for the proposed system is evaluated through a survey and the outcomes are analyzed. It was found that the majority of the participants do not have clear information about various services and data provided by NCSI. Further, it was noted that most of the participants agreed that such an e-channel would facilitate to receive various statistics on a timely basis. This research would also include the study of similar systems in other countries and provide recommendations to design an effective framework.



Author(s):  
S.N. Kovalenko

This article examines in detail the aspects of the regulatory organization of the procurement procedure in the field of healthcare, examines the rights of the parties to the procurement, their obligations and responsibility for violations of the terms of the contract for the supply of goods and (or) services. In addition to the regulatory aspects, the process of purchasing medical goods and goods for the needs of a medical institution is considered. The contract for the supply of pharmaceutical products is analyzed. On its basis, the analysis was carried out, according to the normative legal acts on the compliance of the performance of both parties of their powers and duties, comments were formed that can be regarded as a violation of the legislation of the Russian Federation.



2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 158-168
Author(s):  
N.E. Martinez ◽  
L. Van Bladel

As we work towards a holistic approach to radiation protection, we begin to consider and integrate protection beyond humans to include, among other things, non-human biota. Non-human biota not only includes environmental flora and fauna, but also livestock, companion animals, working animals, etc. Although under consideration, there is currently little guidance in terms of protection strategies for types of non-human biota beyond wildlife. For example, in recent years, veterinary procedures that make use of ionising radiation have increased in number and have diversified considerably, which has made radiation protection in veterinary applications of ionising radiation more challenging, both for humans and the animal patients. In fact, the common belief that doses to professionals and members of the public from these applications will be very low to negligible, and doses to the animals will not be acutely harmful nor even affect their lifetime probability of developing cancer, needs to be revisited in the light of higher dose diagnostic and interventional techniques, and certainly in the case of therapeutic applications. This paper provides a brief overview of the initiatives of the International Commission on Radiological Protection concerning radiation protection aspects of veterinary practice, and poses a variety of perspectives for consideration and further discussion.



Author(s):  
Antoni Gili Pascual

En relación con las penas de inhabilitación para el ejercicio de la función pública, a menudo la atención del penalista termina en el momento de su imposición. Sin embargo, la fase de ejecución e incluso la fase posterior al cumplimiento de su efecto temporal sigue planteando cuestiones de enorme relevancia, pues estas penas se ven afectadas por disposiciones legales y reglamentarias capaces de acabar perfilando, en el fondo, su propio contenido, como se estudia en este trabajo. Tal es el caso de la normativa que regula hoy la rehabilitación administrativa del funcionario, representada fundamentalmente por el R.D. 2669/1998, de 11 de diciembre. Teniendo en cuenta la unidad de la potestad punitiva del Estado y los principios fundamentales que deben limitarla, como la prohibición de bis in ídem, el presente artículo revisa los criterios actualmente establecidos en dicha regulación. Desentrañar en qué cabe legítimamente fundamentar —si es que cabe hacerlo— esta posibilidad excepcional de reincorporar al servicio público, por decisión administrativa, a quien fue condenado por sentencia penal firme a quedar excluido definitivamente de ella, constituye en este trabajo el paso previo para poder efectuar después, de forma razonada, dicha revisión crítica. El artículo evidencia que, al igual que ocurre con otras instituciones penales utilitarias de nuestro ordenamiento, como puede ser, salvando las distancias, el caso del indulto, también la rehabilitación de la condición de funcionario requiere una reinterpretación de su fundamento acorde con los principios constitucionales, conforme a la cual adaptar después su regulación y funcionamiento. With penalties involving disqualification from public office, legal experts’ attention comes to an end once the sentence has been imposed. However, the execution phase and even the phase following compliance with its temporary effects continue to raise issues of huge relevance, since these sentences are affected by legal provisions and regulations which can basically finally shape their actual content, as studied in this paper. This is the case of the legislation that today regulates civil servants’ re-admittance to the public administration, mainly represented by Spanish Royal Decree 2669/1998, of December 11th. Bearing in mind the unity of the State’s ius puniendi and the fundamental principles that must limit the said right, like the non bis in idem principle, this paper reviews the current criteria that regulate these limits. It strives to determine the legitimate grounds, if they do indeed exist, for that exceptional possibility in which someone who has been finally sentenced to perpetual disqualification should be re-admitted to public service under an administrative ruling. This is followed by a reasoned critical review of the situation.



Author(s):  
José Antonio MORENO MOLINA

LABURPENA: Bi gauza aztertzen dira lan honetan: erosketa publikoek zer egin dezaketen ekonomiaren susperraldia bultzatzeko, eta “Next Generation EU” funtsak kudeatzeko eta exekutatzeko neurriak. Funts horiek -gogora dezagun- 36/2020 Errege Lege Dekretuaren bidez taxutu ziren, dekretu horrek premiazko neurri batzuk onartu ondoren Administrazio Publikoa modernizatzeko eta Errekuperazio, Eraldaketa eta Erresilientzia Plana gauzatzeko. Arauak kontratazio publikoaren arloan jasotzen dituen berezitasunak aztertuko dira. Ez dira edonoiz aplikatzen; ikusi behar da sektore publikoko edozein entitatek zer egiten duen funts europarren bidez finantza daitezkeen proiektuak eta jarduerak kudeatzeko eta exekutatzeko, orduan soilik aplika daitezke. Ondorioztatu dugunez, egintza horiek ez dira asko, eta ez dira urrun iristen. ABSTRACT: The work analyzes the role of public purchases to promote economic reactivation and the measures for the management and execution of the “Next Generation EU” funds adopted through Royal Decree-Law 36/2020, which approves urgent measures to the modernization of the Public Administration and for the execution of the Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan. The public procurement specialties included in the standard are the object of study, which will apply only to the actions of any of the public sector entities aimed at the management and implementation of projects and actions that are financed with European funds and that at work it is concluded that they are limited and of little scope. RESUMEN: El trabajo analiza el papel de las compras públicas para impulsar la reactivación económica y las medidas para la gestión y ejecución de los fondos “Next Generation EU” adoptadas por medio del Real Decreto-ley 36/2020, por el que se aprueban medidas urgentes para la modernización de la Administración Pública y para la ejecución del Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia. Son objeto de estudio las especialidades en materia de contratación pública que recoge la norma, que se aplicarán sólo a las actuaciones de cualesquiera de las entidades del sector público dirigidas a la gestión y ejecución de proyectos y actuaciones que sean financiables con los fondos europeos y que en el trabajo se concluye que son limitadas y de escaso alcance.



2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
María Teresa Ruiz-Sillero Bernal

Se analiza la habilitación que realiza la Ley 40/2015, de 1 de octubre, de Régimen Jurídico del Sector Público, al Gobierno para que apruebe un nuevo Real Decreto en materia de precedencias en los actos oficiales. Esta habilitación reglamentaria permitirá que el Consejo de Ministros, a propuesta del Presidente del Gobierno, modifique el R.D. 2099/1983, de 4 de agosto, por el que se aprueba el Ordenamiento General de Precedencias en el Estado, modificación que es reclamada unánimemente.  Asimismo, se aborda la cuestión del procedimiento de aprobación del Real Decreto conforme a la normativa vigente. _________________________It’s analized the empowerment of Law 40/2015, of October 1, of Legal Regime of the Public Sector, to the Government to approve a new Royal Decree of precedence  in official acts. This will allow the Council of Ministers, at the proposal of the President of the Government,  to modify  the Royal Decree  2099/1983, of  August  4,   question  unanimously claimed. It also addresses the issue of the procedure for approving of the Royal Decree in accordance with current regulations. 



Author(s):  
JOSEFA CANTERO MARTINEZ

Este estudio pretende aportar algunas ideas para contribuir a un debate más sereno sobre el abuso en el nombramiento de personal funcionario interino y su sanción a través de los llamados procesos de estabilización. El análisis resulta muy oportuno en este momento, pues se está tramitando un proyecto de ley en las Cortes que proviene del Real Decreto-ley 14/2021, de 6 de julio, de medidas urgentes para la reducción de la temporalidad en el empleo público. Algunos grupos parlamentarios han solicitado expresamente la conversión automática del personal funcionario interino afectado en personal funcionario de carrera o la creación de una nueva categoría de empleado público fijo ¿a extinguir¿. Otros han propuesto su directa estabilización mediante un concurso o mediante la realización de un concurso-oposición, sin que los ejercicios de la fase de oposición tengan carácter eliminatorio. En este análisis se parte de una visión centrada especialmente en lo público, que resalta la necesidad de que las soluciones que finalmente se adopten para proteger al funcionario interino ¿abusado¿ sean también respetuosas con la especial naturaleza pública del empleador, con los principios constitucionales rectores del acceso al empleo público y con las potestades organizatorias y de planificación de las Administraciones Públicas. Azterlan honek ideia batzuk eman nahi ditu, lasaiago eztabaidatu daitezen bitarteko funtzionarioen izendapenean izandako gehiegikeria eta hori saihesteko eta, hala badagokio, zehatzeko neurriak. Azterketa oso egokia da une honetan, enplegu publikoan behin-behinekotasuna murrizteko premiazko neurriei buruzko uztailaren 6ko 14/2021 Errege Lege Dekretutik datorren lege-proiektu bat izapidetzen ari baitira Gorteetan. Legebiltzarreko talde batzuek berariaz eskatu dute tartean dauden bitarteko funtzionarioak karrerako funtzionario bihurtzea automatikoki, edo «iraungi» beharreko enplegatu publiko finkoaren kategoria berri bat sortzea. Beste batzuek lehiaketa baten bidez edo oposizio-lehiaketa baten bidez zuzenean egonkortzea proposatu dute, oposizio-faseko ariketak baztertzaileak izan gabe.Azterketa horretan, bereziki arlo publikoan oinarritutako ikuspegi batetik abiatzen da, eta azpimarratzen du beharrezkoa dela bitartekoa babesteko azkenean hartzen diren konponbideek enplegatzailearen izaera publiko berezia, enplegu publikoa lortzeko printzipio konstituzionalak eta administrazio publikoen antolaketa- eta plangintza-ahalak errespetatzea. This study aims to offer a number of ideas contributing to a more measured debate as to abuse in the appointment of interim civil servants, and measures to avoid and, where applicable, to penalise this practice. This is now a particularly timely analysis, as the Spanish Parliament is currently considering a bill derived from Royal Decree-Law 14/2021, of 6 July 2021, on urgent measures to reduce the use of temporary contracts in public employment. A number of parliamentary groupings have explicitly called for the interim staff affected to be automatically given permanent civil service contracts, or otherwise for the creation of a new category of permanent public employee "to be extinguished". Others have proposed their direct stabilization by means of a competition (exceptional system in which merits like job experience are assessed) or by means of a competition-examination (competitive tests and merit assessment), with non-eliminatory tests in the examination phase.This analysis is based on a perspective focused in particular on the public sector, highlighting the need that any solutions that might ultimately be adopted to protect interim staff, likewise respect the specific public nature of the employer, with the constitutional principles which govern access to public employment, and the organisational and planning powers of public administration bodies.



Author(s):  
Juan Luis MANFREDI SÁNCHEZ

Laburpena: COVIDaren ondoko suspertze-agertoki europarrean zer-nolako estrategiak eta politikak dauden aztertzea da lan honen helburua. Erabilitako metodologiarekin bat, Administrazio Publikoa modernizatzeko eta Suspertze, Transformazio eta Erresilientzia Plana egikaritzeko premiazko neurriak ezartzen dituen abenduaren 30eko 36/2020 Errege Lege Dekretuan xedatzen diren jarraibideak aztertu dira. Antolakunde publikoen eremuan, Planaren diseinuari, betearazpenari eta ebaluazioari aplikatutako plangintza estrategikoko printzipioak azaltzen dira. Ondorioztatzen denez, aipaturiko tresna garrantzitsua izango da proiektu estrategikoetarako, administrazio publikoaren barruko pentsamendu estrategikorako, zuzendaritza publiko profesionala profesionalizatzeko, Susperraldirako eta Eraldaketa Ekonomikorako Proiektu Estrategikoak esploratzeko, ebaluazioaren kultura sustatzeko eta teknokraziaren mitoa saihesteko. Resumen: El trabajo tiene como objetivo el estudio y análisis de la estrategia y la política en el escenario europeo de recuperación post-COVID. La metodología empleada consiste en el estudio de las pautas del Real Decreto-ley 36/2020, de 30 de diciembre, por el que se aprueban medidas urgentes para la modernización de la Administración Pública y para la ejecución del Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia. En el ámbito de las organizaciones públicas, se exponen los principios de planificación estratégica aplicadas al diseño, ejecución y evaluación del plan. Se concluye que dicho instrumento será relevante para los proyectos estratégicos, el pensamiento estratégico en el seno de la administración pública, profesionalizar la dirección pública profesional, explorar los Proyectos Estratégicos para la Recuperación y Transformación Económica (PERTES), impulsar la cultura de la evaluación y evitar el mito de la tecnocracia. Abstract: The work aims to study and analyze strategy and policy in the European post-COVID recovery scenario. The methodology used follows the guidelines of Royal Decree-Law 36/2020, of December 30, which approves urgent measures for the modernization of the Public Administration and for the execution of the Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan. The result is the opportunity to apply strategic planning principles to the design, execution and evaluation of the said plan. The conclusion is that this instrument will be relevant for strategic projects and strategic thinking within the public administration, professionalize professional public management, explore Strategic Projects for Economic Recovery and Transformation (PERTES), promote the culture of evaluation and avoid the myth of technocracy.



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