Development and Implementation of a Risk Based Prioritization Methodology for MAOP Reconfirmation of Gas Transmission Facilities

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wytze Sloterdijk ◽  
Martin Hommes ◽  
Roelof Coster ◽  
Troy Rovella ◽  
Sarah Herbison
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
Relative Significance ◽  
Coherent Risk ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Selection Of

As part of Pacific Gas and Electric Company’s (PG&E) on-going commitment to public safety, the company has begun a comprehensive engineering validation of its gas transmission facilities that will ultimately support the reconfirmation of maximum allowable operating pressure (MAOP) for these assets. In addition to 6,750 miles of line pipe, PG&E’s gas transmission system contains over 500 station facilities. Since this set of facilities is not only large but diverse, and the validation effort for these facilities is expected to be an extensive, multi-year process, a methodology for the prioritization of the facilities needed to be developed to facilitate planning of the process for the efficient mitigation of risk. As a result, DNV GL was retained to develop and implement a risk-based prioritization methodology to prioritize PG&E’s gas transmission facilities for the engineering validation and MAOP reconfirmation effort. Ultimately, a weighted multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) approach was selected and implemented to generate the prioritization. This MCDA approach consisted of the selection of relevant criteria (threats) and the weighting of these criteria according to their relative significance to PG&E’s facilities. Relevant criteria selected for inclusion in the analysis include factors that are important in order to assess both the short- and long-term integrity of the facility as a whole as well as the integrity of features for which design records cannot be located. The criteria selected encompass stable threats, time-dependent threats, as well as environmental impact. Enormous amounts of data related to design, operations, maintenance history and meteorological and seismic activity in addition to other environmental data were evaluated with this newly developed methodology to assess the relative risks of the facilities. Pilot field visits were performed to validate the selection of the various criteria and to confirm the outcome of the analysis. The novelty of this approach lies in the prioritization of facilities in a coherent risk-based manner. The described approach can be used by operators of oil and gas facilities, either upstream, midstream or downstream.

scholarly journals Hypertension in pregnancy: a review of therapeutic options

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Kernaghan ◽  
A C Duncan ◽  
G A McKay
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Hypertension In Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders In Pregnancy ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Maternal And Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
In Pregnancy

Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy are common and can occur as a result of pre-existing hypertension or as new onset hypertension usually in the second half of pregnancy. In either situation there is potential for considerable perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. This review article aims to compare therapeutic options outlined in a selection of national guidelines and to look in more detail at the most commonly prescribed drugs – labetalol, methyldopa and nifedipine – with respect to their pharmacology and the evidence for their use in pregnancy. We will also consider the rationale for identifying and treating hypertension in pregnancy and the effect this can have on short- and long-term maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Modeling Approach to Determine Short- and Long-Term Thermal and Thermomechanical Effects of Waste Emplacement in a Repository in Basalt

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry F. Lehnhoff ◽  
K. Thirumalai ◽  
Alan D. Krug
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Nuclear Waste Repository ◽  
Columbia River Basalts ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Selection Of

The Columbia River basalts, which underlie a large portion of the Pacific Northwest of the United States of America, are being investigated as one of the candidate media for a nuclear waste repository. The Basalt Waste Isolation Project (BWIP) of Rockwell Hanford Operations (Rockwell) is conducting these investigations for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Since the inception of the program in 1976, a number of studies have led to the selection of a reference repository location and the start of construction of an exploratory shaft.1-3

SELECTION OF SUPPLIERS CONSIDERING THE LEARNING EFFECT AND TECHNOLOGY IMPROVEMENT

2003 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 71-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
WANZHEN HUANG ◽  
SHANLING LI ◽  
DEVANATH TIRUPATI
Keyword(s):  
Learning Effect ◽  
Cost Models ◽  
Learning Effects ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Technology Improvement ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Supplier Contracts ◽  
Selection Of

In this paper, we develop a model-based approach to examine the trade-offs between short- and long-term supplier contracts. Specifically, we consider learning and technology breakthroughs leading to cost improvements and develop cost models to characterize these effects. A deterministic environment is first considered in which demand can be constant or dynamic and learning effects and technology breakthroughs are dynamic. Then uncertainty in market prices is considered. Interesting managerial insights and strategies in selecting suppliers are discussed based on the analytical results of the models.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Research on Constructivist Teacher Education

in education ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Rainer Dangel
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Preservice Teachers ◽  
Program Development ◽  
Classroom Practice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Practice Development ◽  
Selection Of

This review of research (1990 to 2009) on constructivist teacher education synthesizes a growing but fragmented body of research and links it to practice in teacher education; it provides a guide for future research, program development, and policy and practice development which is consistent with empirical evidence.  It includes a selection of 27 studies on preservice efforts; efforts which include programs, courses, and field experiences.  First, an analysis of the research suggests a variety of effects from both short- and long-term experiences.  Effects are identified in two categories: (a) conceptual understandings (with three subcategories: understanding of content, pedagogy, and the self as learner) and (b) classroom practice.  Then, based on the findings, six mediatory experiences are suggested that facilitate preservice teachers’ growth.  Finally, the studies are assessed using a framework (Darling Hammond, 2006) to determine gaps in the research. Keywords: constructivism; Teacher Education; preservice teachers

Inferences of Parental Abilities Through Facial and Bodily Features

2021 ◽  
pp. 452-468
Author(s):  
Mitch Brown ◽  
Donald F. Sacco ◽  
Kaitlyn Boykin ◽  
Kelsey Drea ◽  
Alicia Macchione
Keyword(s):  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
Good Genes ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Physical Features ◽  
Selection Of

This chapter explains that within the corpus of research showing the extent to which cues to physical attractiveness connote individuals’ specific value as a mate, findings have begun to recognize how these cues specifically apply to inferring parental abilities. Namely, this research suggests some physical features that were likely selected due to their connotations of heritable fitness may dually implicate a person as an especially effective parent. Such work additionally demonstrates the instances in which features not selected for their connotation of what we typically consider heritable fitness (i.e., adiposity) become desirable while providing additional evidence for the trade-offs in selecting short- and long-term mates. This selection of adiposity further clarified what is actually meant when researchers discuss selecting for good genes. That is, individuals could be inferring parental abilities through adiposity, thus leading individuals to select mates with higher levels for a long-term context given that connotation.

Acute Postoperative Pain

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Zach ◽  
Julio A. Gonzalez-Sotomayor
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Acute Postoperative Pain ◽  
Analgesic Regimen ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Selection Of

Inadequate management of acute postoperative pain increases morbidity and mortality. Poorly controlled pain results in delayed hospital discharge and may lead to the development of chronic pain. Current evidence supports the implementation of a multimodal analgesic regimen, where different pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions are used. The selection of the different components of this multimodal analgesic approach should consider their potential benefits and limitations, as well as the unique patient characteristics and the surgical procedure. It is the responsibility of the perioperative health care provider to formulate an optimal pain management strategy to ultimately enhance patient satisfaction and improve short- and long-term outcomes.

Impact of Drug Tolerability on the Selection of Antidepressant Treatment in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (S12) ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence D. Ginsberg
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Tolerability Profile ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Treatment Side Effects ◽  
Drug Tolerability ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractDespite significant progress in the development of antidepressant therapies, tolerability remains an important factor associated with the selection of appropriate antidepressant treatment. Side effects commonly reported by depressed patients taking antidepressants include weight gain, sexual dysfunction, and gastrointestinal effects. Tolerability issues associated with antidepressants can negatively impact treatment outcomes for patients with major depressive disorder. In addition, a drug's tolerability profile substantially influences a physician's choice of specific antidepressant therapy. Despite the availability of many antidepressants, empirical clinical evidence to guide physicians in making the best choice is limited and not always clear. Thus, it is key for clinicians to understand the short- and long-term outcomes and side effect profiles of the available antidepressants.

Potentials of Nano-Designed Plugs: Implications for Short and Long Term Well Integrity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymos Kimanzi ◽  
Harshkumar Patel ◽  
Mahmoud Khalifeh ◽  
Saeed Salehi ◽  
Catalin Teodoriu
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Cement System ◽  
Sustained Casing Pressure ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Casing Pressure

Abstract Cement plugs are designed to protect the integrity of oil and gas wells by mitigating movement of formation fluids and leaks. A failure of the cement sheath can result in the loss of zonal isolation, which can lead to sustained casing pressure. In this study, nanosynthetic graphite with designed expansive properties has been introduced to fresh cement slurry. The expansive properties of nanosynthetic graphite were achieved by controlling the preparation conditions. The material was made from synthetic graphite and has a surface area ranging from 325–375 m2/gram. Several tests including compressive strength, rheology, and thickening time were performed. An addition of 1% nanosynthetic graphite with appropriate reactivity was sufficient to maintain expansion in the cement system, leading to an early compressive strength development. It has excellent thermal and electrical conductivity and can be used to design a cement system with short and long-term integrity. Rheology and thickening time tests confirmed its pumpability. Controlling the concentration of the additive is a promising method that can be used to mitigate gas migration in gas bearing and shallow gas formations.

scholarly journals PENGARUH IKLAN RADIO DAN PERILAKU PENDENGAR STUDI PADA IKLAN RADIO DAN PERILAKU PENDENGAR DALAM ACARA DAKWAH ISLAM DI RADIO RASETA FM MALANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 120-148
Author(s):  
Ahmad Fauzi ◽  
Ahmad Bukhori
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Good Service ◽  
Listener Behavior ◽  
Radio Broadcasting ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Promotional Messages ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
The Way

In the field of marketing, it is in need of adequate media to convey its business promotional messages. The atmosphere of competition makes various promotional patterns to attract consumers as much as possible. Advertising, for example, this one has the characteristics and need a delicate consideration for the selection of suitable media. Advertising media that is common instead of television and print is radio. Radio ads have their own characteristics compared to other media. The company's effort to create satisfaction can be done through the quality of service provided. The maximum quality of service directly can give the maximum consumers' expectation. By having good service quality then they can fulfil all forms of demand for products or services offered to consumers. Quality of service in accordance with the expectations of consumers by itself will support the company's efforts in order to achieve the goals set by the company both short and long-term, including in the business of radio broadcasting. In the end, it can influence the listener behaviour. Da'wah is the way to invite, call and influence people to always adhere to the teachings of Allah SWT in order to obtain the happiness of life in the world and hereafter. Inviting to the way of Allah SWT is our obligation. The success of his invitation reflects the prospect and preservation of future Islamic developments, for the advancement and retreat of religion rests with the adherents of His followers. Keywords: radio advertising, listener behavior, da'wah

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