Corrosion Fatigue Behaviour of Welded Risers and Pipelines

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Baxter ◽  
S. J. Maddox ◽  
R. J. Pargeter
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Fatigue Behaviour ◽  
Loading Frequency ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
Seawater Environment ◽  
Service Environments ◽  
Girth Welds ◽  
The Impact

The fatigue design of pipelines or risers in deepwater oil and gas developments, is often critically dependent on quantifying the extent to which aggressive service environments affect performance. Girth welds in these structures are often exposed to seawater on the external surface, and sweet or sour production fluids on the internal surface. All of these environments can lead to higher rates of fatigue crack growth and lower overall life compared to performance in air. The seawater environment has been studied in some depth, and design codes provide advice on how steel structures are likely to behave under conditions of either free corrosion or cathodic protection. However, it is important to note that there are limits to how widely these guidelines can be applied, and for more complex environments, such as production fluids which are inevitably project specific, design guidance is rarely available. Laboratory testing provides a means of quantifying material behaviour in a simulated service environment, and allows the impact of various environmental variables to be explored. This is important as parameters such as temperature, H2S concentration or loading frequency can have a significant effect on the extent to which performance is affected. This paper provides a review of published information and recent research data, and highlights particular areas where existing data are limited and design challenges remain.

Corrosion Fatigue of Welded C-Mn Steel Risers for Deepwater Applications: A State of the Art Review

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Maddox ◽  
R. J. Pargeter ◽  
P. Woollin
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Fatigue Behaviour ◽  
Manganese Steel ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Internal Surfaces ◽  
Oil And Gas Field ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Girth Welds

Steel risers for deepwater offshore oil and gas field developments are subject to seawater on the external surfaces, produced fluids on the internal surfaces and to fatigue loading. This paper reviews current knowledge of the fatigue behaviour of welded carbon-manganese steel for risers in relevant environments. A substantial body of data exists relating to the performance of girth welds in seawater with cathodic protection and consequently recent attention has been turned to establishing the fatigue performance in the internal environment, which may contain water, CO2, H2S and chloride and bicarbonate ions.

Design of Leg Mating Unit for Float-Over Installation of Decks

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Chaitanya ◽  
Sajith B. Nair
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Time Domain Analysis ◽  
Fe Analysis ◽  
Heavy Lift ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Mating Unit ◽  
The Impact

The Leg Mating Unit (LMU) is a critical component in ensuring safe method of installing topsides of offshore oil and gas platforms by the float-over method. Traditionally, topsides are lifted onto the substructure (e.g. jacket) using heavy lift crane vessels. However, the ‘lift’ method of installation is constrained by the availability of a limited number of heavy lift vessels in the region, with high day rates. As an alternative to modular installation with light crane vessels, float-over installation enables installation of a single pre-commissioned integrated deck, minimizing offshore hook-up time and cost. Further, float-over method is particularly suited to shallow water depth locations, remote locations (with no access to crane vessels). In a float-over installation, the deck is transported on a cargo barge to the pre-installed substructure location. The barge is guided into the jacket slot and positioned so that the stabbing cone on each leg is aligned with the corresponding jacket leg. The barge is then ballasted down (aided by the falling tide) so that the topside load is transferred from the barge to the jacket. Once the load is transferred and sufficient clearance is achieved between the deck structure and barge support structure, the barge is withdrawn from the slot. The transfer of load is the crucial step of a float-over installation and should occur in a controlled manner under the dynamic influence of environmental forces. This smooth load transfer is achieved using LMU’s. LMU’s are customized leg and deck mating units, used to dampen the impact loads generated during the mating process. They consist of steel structures with elastomer elements and are designed to perform three primary functions, absorb shocks, limit hammering onto the structures and provide defined stiffness between deck and sub-structure. The objective of this paper is to outline the design philosophy of a LMU and address the behavior of the LMU under the combination of vertical and horizontal loads during the mating process. The paper also recommends guidelines on the selection of elastomer stiffness based on load-displacement relationship. The LMU is analysed in ABAQUS, a commercially available finite element (FE) analysis package considering a non-linear time-domain analysis. The results from the FE analysis are compared with the qualification tests for the elastomer and LMU assembly performed on-site to establish correlation.

Consideration of Geopolitical Challenges within the Analysis of Geoenvironmental Risks for Oil and Gas Development of the Russian Arctic

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
O. P. Trubitsina ◽  
V. N. Bashkin
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Stage Model ◽  
Oil And Gas Development ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Geopolitical Risks

The article is devoted to the consideration of geopolitical challenges for the analysis of geoenvironmental risks (GERs) in the hydrocarbon development of the Arctic territory. Geopolitical risks (GPRs), like GERs, can be transformed into opposite external environment factors of oil and gas industry facilities in the form of additional opportunities or threats, which the authors identify in detail for each type of risk. This is necessary for further development of methodological base of expert methods for GER management in the context of the implementational proposed two-stage model of the GER analysis taking to account GPR for the improvement of effectiveness making decisions to ensure optimal operation of the facility oil and gas industry and minimize the impact on the environment in the geopolitical conditions of the Arctic.The authors declare no conflict of interest

Effective service delivery through quality management system (QMS) in oil and gas servicing companies, a case study of selected firms, Port Harcourt

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Management System ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
Local Content ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Test Of Hypotheses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Effective Service

This study investigated the impact of Quality Management System (QMS) on effective service delivery in Oil and Gas Servicing Companies in selected firms in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The opinion of 50 respondents were sampled using questionnaires, interviews as well as observation from journals and texts used in this work to examine the Quality Management System (QMS) of the selected firms. Using simple percentages and the Chi-square (X2) test of hypotheses, it was hypothetically established that the implementation of QMS practices, has impacted the work process, procedure and improvement on quality over the years in the Oil and Gas Servicing companies in Port Harcourt Nigeria. The research identified an adopted use of Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) tool as a continual quality improvement initiative developed in the local content oil and gas servicing operation for equipment handling, management and to drive sustained improved performance quality processes as a key driver of a progressive that will place local content companies as an options for producing companies and at par with multinational oil and gas companies.

The Impact of Oil Price Fluctuations on Industry Stock Returns: Evidence from International Markets

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Elias Randjbaran ◽  
Reza Tahmoorespour ◽  
Marjan Rezvani ◽  
Meysam Safari
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Price Variation ◽  
Price Changes ◽  
Price Fluctuations ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impact of oil price variation on 14 industries in six markets, including Canada, China, France, India, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Panel weekly data were collected from June 1998 to December 2011. The results indicate that price fluctuations primarily affect the Oil and Gas as well as the Mining industries and have the least influence on the Food and Beverage industry. Furthermore, in three out of six of these countries (Canada, France, and the U.K.), oil price changes negatively affect the Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology industry. One possible reason for the negative relationship between oil price changes and the Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology industries in the above-mentioned countries is that the governments of these countries fund their healthcare systems. Portfolio managers and investors will find the results of this study useful because it enables adjusting portfolios based on knowledge of the industries that are impacted the most or the least by oil price fluctuations.

The Role of Migration in the Formation of Regional Labour Markets Amidst the Second Wave of Depopulation in Modern Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
A. V. Topilin ◽  
A. S. Maksimova
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Sample Surveys ◽  
Balance Sheets ◽  
Permanent Migration ◽  
Regional Labour Markets ◽  
The Impact

The article reflects the results of a study of the impact of migration on regional labour markets amidst a decline in the working-age population in Russia. After substantiating the relevance of the issues under consideration, the authors propose a methodological analysis toolkit, the author’s own methodology for calculating the coefficients of permanent long-term external and internal labour migration in regional labour markets, and the coefficient of total migration burden. In addition, the authors provide an overview of the information and statistical base of the study. According to current migration records, data of Rosstat sample surveys on Russian labour migrants leaving for employment in other regions, regional labour resources balance sheets based on the calculated coefficients of labour market pressures, the authors analyzed the impact of migration on the Russian regional labour markets over the past decade. It revealed an increasing role of internal labour migration in many regions, primarily in the largest economic agglomerations and oil and gas territories. At the same time, the role of external labour migration remains stable and minimum indicators of the contribution of permanent migration to the formation of regional labour markets continue to decrease. It has been established that irrational counter flows of external and internal labour migration have developed, which indicates not only an imbalance in labour demand and supply but also a discrepancy between the qualitative composition of migrants and the needs of the economy. It is concluded that the state does not effectively regulate certain types of migration, considering its impact on the labour market. The authors justified the need for conducting regular household sample surveys according to specific programs to collect information about labour migrants and the conditions for using their labour. In addition to the current migration records, using interregional analysis, this information allows making more informed decisions at the federal and regional levels to correct the negative situation that has developed in the regional labour markets even before the coronavirus pandemic had struck.

The Role of Oil and Gas in the Economic Development of the Global Economy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Oil And Gas Producers ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Factor Inputs ◽  
The Impact

This chapter is concerned with the role of oil and gas in the economic development of the global economy. It focuses on the context in which established and newer oil and gas producers in developing countries must frame their policies to optimize the benefits of such resources. It outlines a history of the issue over the last twenty-five years. It considers oil and gas as factor inputs, their role in global trade, the role of oil prices in the macroeconomy and the impact of the geopolitics of oil and gas. It then considers various conventional views of the future of oil and gas in the primary energy mix. Finally, it challenges the drivers behind these conventional views of the future with an emphasis on why they may prove to be different from what is expected and how this may change the context in which producers must frame their policy responses.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic Degradation of Sulfolane Using a LED-Based Photocatalytic Treatment System

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 624
Author(s):  
Sripriya Dharwadkar ◽  
Linlong Yu ◽  
Gopal Achari
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Ultrapure Water ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
The Impact

Sulfolane is an emerging industrial pollutant detected in the environments near many oil and gas plants in North America. So far, numerous advanced oxidation processes have been investigated to treat sulfolane in aqueous media. However, there is only a few papers that discuss the degradation of sulfolane using photocatalysis. In this study, photocatalytic degradation of sulfolane using titanium dioxide (TiO2) and reduced graphene oxide TiO2 composite (RGO-TiO2) in a light-emitting diode (LED) photoreactor was investigated. The impact of different waters (ultrapure water, tap water, and groundwater) and type of irradiation (UVA-LED and mercury lamp) on photocatalytic degradation of sulfolane were also studied. In addition, a reusability test was conducted for the photocatalyst to examine the degradation of sulfolane in three consecutive cycles with new batches of sulfolane-contaminated water. The results show that LED-based photocatalysis was effective in degrading sulfolane in waters even after three photocatalytic cycles. UVA-LEDs displayed more efficient use of photon energy when compared with the mercury lamps as they have a narrow emission spectrum coinciding with the absorption of TiO2. The combination of UVA-LED and TiO2 yielded better performance than UVA-LED and RGO-TiO2 for the degradation of sulfolane. Much lower sulfolane degradation rates were observed in tap water and groundwater than ultrapure water.

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