scholarly journals n-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation During 4 Weeks of Training Leads to Improved Anaerobic Endurance Capacity, but not Maximal Strength, Speed, or Power in Soccer Players

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leyre Gravina ◽  
Frankie F. Brown ◽  
Lee Alexander ◽  
James Dick ◽  
Gordon Bell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Endurance Capacity ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Knee Extensor Strength ◽  
Test Distance ◽  
The Impact

Omega-3 fatty acid (n-3 FA) supplementation could promote adaptation to soccer-specific training. We examined the impact of a 4-week period of n-3 FA supplementation during training on adaptations in 1RM knee extensor strength, 20-m sprint speed, vertical jump power, and anaerobic endurance capacity (Yo-Yo test) in competitive soccer players. Twenty six soccer players were randomly assigned to one of two groups: n-3 FA supplementation (n-3 FA; n = 13) or placebo (n = 13). Both groups performed two experimental trial days. Assessments of physical function and respiratory function were conducted pre (PRE) and post (POST) supplementation. Training session intensity, competitive games and nutritional intake were monitored during the 4-week period. No differences were observed in respiratory measurements (FEV1, FVC) between groups. No main effect of treatment was observed for 1RM knee extensor strength, explosive leg power, or 20 m sprint performance, but strength improved as a result of the training period in both groups (p < .05). Yo-Yo test distance improved with training in the n-3 FA group only (p < .01). The mean difference (95% CI) in Yo-Yo test distance completed from PRE to POST was 203 (66–340) m for n-3 FA, and 62 (-94–217) m for placebo, with a moderate effect size (Cohen’s d of 0.52). We conclude that 4 weeks of n-3 FA supplementation does not improve strength, power or speed assessments in competitive soccer players. However, the increase in anaerobic endurance capacity evident only in the n-3 FA treatment group suggests an interaction that requires further study.

scholarly journals Parenteral Fish-Oil Containing Lipid Emulsions Limit Initial Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Host Immune Responses in Preterm Pigs

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
William Yakah ◽  
David Ramiro-Cortijo ◽  
Pratibha Singh ◽  
Joanne Brown ◽  
Barbara Stoll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Lipid Emulsions ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Mixed Oil ◽  
The Impact

Multicomponent lipid emulsions are available for critical care of preterm infants. We sought to determine the impact of different lipid emulsions on early priming of the host and its response to an acute stimulus. Pigs delivered 7d preterm (n = 59) were randomized to receive different lipid emulsions for 11 days: 100% soybean oil (SO), mixed oil emulsion (SO, medium chain olive oil and fish oil) including 15% fish oil (MO15), or 100% fish oil (FO100). On day 11, pigs received an 8-h continuous intravenous infusion of either lipopolysaccharide (LPS—lyophilized Escherichia coli) or saline. Plasma was collected for fatty acid, oxylipin, metabolomic, and cytokine analyses. At day 11, plasma omega-3 fatty acid levels in the FO100 groups showed the highest increase in eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA (0.1 ± 0.0 to 9.7 ± 1.9, p < 0.001), docosahexaenoic acid, DHA (day 0 = 2.5 ± 0.7 to 13.6 ± 2.9, p < 0.001), EPA and DHA-derived oxylipins, and sphingomyelin metabolites. In the SO group, levels of cytokine IL1β increased at the first hour of LPS infusion (296.6 ± 308 pg/mL) but was undetectable in MO15, FO100, or in the animals receiving saline instead of LPS. Pigs in the SO group showed a significant increase in arachidonic acid (AA)-derived prostaglandins and thromboxanes in the first hour (p < 0.05). No significant changes in oxylipins were observed with either fish-oil containing group during LPS infusion. Host priming with soybean oil in the early postnatal period preserves a higher AA:DHA ratio and the ability to acutely respond to an external stimulus. In contrast, fish-oil containing lipid emulsions increase DHA, exacerbate a deficit in AA, and limit the initial LPS-induced inflammatory responses in preterm pigs.

scholarly journals Effect of Silymarin Supplementation on Physical Performance, Muscle and Myocardium Histological Changes, Bodyweight, and Food Consumption in Rats Subjected to Regular Exercise Training

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 7724
Author(s):  
Nancy Vargas-Mendoza ◽  
Marcelo Ángeles-Valencia ◽  
Eduardo Osiris Madrigal-Santillán ◽  
Mauricio Morales-Martínez ◽  
Judith Margarita Tirado-Lule ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Endurance Capacity ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
The Impact

(1) Background: Regular exercise induces physiological and morphological changes in the organisms, but excessive training loads may induce damage and impair recovery or muscle growth. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of Silymarin (SM) consumption on endurance capacity, muscle/cardiac histological changes, bodyweight, and food intake in rats subjected to 60 min of regular exercise training (RET) five days per week. (2) Methods: Male Wistar rats were subjected to an eight-week RET treadmill program and were previously administered SM and vitamin C. Bodyweight and food consumption were measured and registered. The maximal endurance capacity (MEC) test was performed at weeks one and eight. After the last training session, the animals were sacrificed, and samples of quadriceps/gastrocnemius and cardiac tissue were obtained and process for histological analyzes. (3) Results: SM consumption improved muscle recovery, inflammation, and damaged tissue, and promoted hypertrophy, vascularization, and muscle fiber shape/appearance. MEC increased after eight weeks of RET in all trained groups; moreover, the SM-treated group was enhanced more than the group with vitamin C. There were no significant changes in bodyweight and in food and nutrient consumption along the study. (5) Conclusion: SM supplementation may enhance physical performance, recovery, and muscle hypertrophy during the eight-week RET program.

scholarly journals The impact of an omega-3 fatty acid rich lipid emulsion on fatty acid profiles in critically ill septic patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas C. Hall ◽  
Dilraj K. Bilku ◽  
Christopher P. Neal ◽  
Jill Cooke ◽  
Helena L. Fisk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Lipid Emulsion ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Impact of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Use on the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Brian J. Barnes ◽  
Patricia A. Howard ◽  
Scott Solomon ◽  
Warren Chen ◽  
James L. Vacek
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals MARGRA Lamb Eating Quality and Human Health-Promoting Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Profiles of Tattykeel Australian White Sheep: Linebreeding and Gender Effects

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1118
Author(s):  
Shedrach Benjamin Pewan ◽  
John Roger Otto ◽  
Robert Tumwesigye Kinobe ◽  
Oyelola Abdulwasiu Adegboye ◽  
Aduli Enoch Othniel Malau-Aduli
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Long Chain

Health-conscious consumers increasingly demand healthier, tastier, and more nutritious meat, hence the continuous need to meet market specifications and demand for high-quality lamb. We evaluated the longissimus dorsi muscle of 147 Tattykeel Australian White (TAW) sheep fed on antioxidant-rich ryegrass pastures exclusive to MAGRA lamb brand for meat eating quality parameters of intramuscular fat (IMF) content, fat melting point (FMP) and omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA). The aim was to assess the impact of linebreeding and gender on pasture-fed lamb eating quality and to test the hypothesis that variation in healthy lamb eating quality is a function of lamb gender and not its antioxidant status or inbreeding coefficient (IC). After solid-phase extraction and purification, phenolics and antioxidant enzyme activities were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. IMF and fatty acid composition were determined using solvent extraction and gas chromatography, respectively. IC was classified into low (0–5%), medium (6–10%) and high (>10%) and ranged from 0–15.6%. FMP and IMF ranged from 28 to 39 °C and 3.4% to 8.2%, with overall means of 34.6 ± 2.3 °C and 4.4 ± 0.2%, respectively, and n-3 LC-PUFA ranged from “source” to “good source” levels of 33–69 mg/100 g. Ewes had significantly (P ˂ 0.0001) higher IMF, C22:5n-3 (DPA), C22:6n-3 (DHA), C18:3n-6, C20:3, C22:4n-6, C22:5n-6, total monounsaturated (MUFA), PUFA and Σn-3 fatty acids and lower total saturated fatty acids (SFA) and FMP, than rams. As IC increased, there were no differences in FMP and IMF. Folin–Ciocalteu total phenolics, ferric reducing antioxidant power and antioxidant activities of glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes did not differ by either gender or IC. This study provides evidence that IC is inconsequential in affecting antioxidant status, IMF, FMP and n-3 LC-PUFA in linebred and pasture-fed TAW sheep because the observed variation in individual fatty acids was mainly driven by gender differences between ewes and rams, hence the need to accept the tested hypothesis. This finding reinforces the consistent healthy eating quality of MARGRA lamb brand from TAW sheep regardless of its linebred origin.

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