A Time-Motion Analysis of International Women’s Water Polo Match Play

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaun D’Auria ◽  
Tim Gabbett
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Match Play ◽  
Water Polo ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Time Motion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Physiological Demands

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to investigate the physiological demands of field players in international women’s water polo match play.Methods:Video footage was collected at the 13th FINA Women’s Water Polo World Cup in Perth in 2002. Video recordings were analyzed using a simple hand-based notation system to record predefined activity durations, frequencies, and corresponding subjective intensities.Results:Average exercise bout duration was 7.4 ± 2.5 s and exercise to rest ratio within play 1:1.6 ± 0.6. The average pattern of exercise was represented by 64.0 ± 15.3% swimming, 13.1 ± 9.2% contested swimming, 14.0 ± 11.6% wrestling, and 8.9 ± 7.1% holding position. Significant differences existed between outside and center players for percentage time swimming (67.5 ± 14.0% vs 60.2 ± 13.3%, P = .002) and wrestling (9.9 ± 9.3% vs 18.4 ± 11.1%, P = .000). A significant difference was found in the number (P = .017) and duration (P = .010) of high-intensity activity (HIA) bouts performed each quarter for outside (1.8 ± 2.2 bouts, 7.0 ± 3.4 s) and center players (1.2 ± 1.5 bouts, 5.2 ± 3.4 s). Positional differences in HIA were the result of a significant difference (P = .000) in the number of maximal/near maximal swims (outside 1.2 ± 1.5 and center 0.5 ± 0.9 per quarter).Conclusions:This study characterizes international women’s water polo match play as a highly intermittent activity. Swimming, particularly high intensity, has greater significance to outside players, whereas wrestling has greater significance to center players.

Reliability of an In-Water Repeated-Sprint Test for Water Polo

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frankie H. Y. Tan ◽  
Ted Polglaze ◽  
Brian Dawson
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Match Play ◽  
Water Polo ◽  
Time Motion ◽  
Repeated Sprint ◽  
Motion Studies

Time-motion studies indicate the importance of repeated high-intensity activities during water polo match play. The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability of an in-water repeated-sprint test, which comprised 6 × 10-m all-out sprints, departing every 17 s. This protocol was chosen to replicate the regular intense periods of match play.

The Activity Profile of Elite Low-Kick Kickboxing Competition

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maamer Slimani ◽  
Helmi Chaabene ◽  
Bianca Miarka ◽  
Karim Chamari
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Motion System ◽  
Time Motion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Preparatory Activity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
System Time

Purpose:To determine the performance aspects (time–motion and technical-tactical analysis) of top-level low-kick kickboxers according to gender, weight category, combat round, and match outcome.Methods:Seventy-two kickboxers (44 male, 28 female) were studied. Thirty-six bouts (male = 61, female = 41 rounds) were analyzed using a time–motion system. Time structure was classified into 3 phases: preparatory-activity time (PT), fighting time (FT), and stoppage time (ST).Results:Referee decisions caused an overall effort:pause ratio (E:P) of ~1:1.5, with a significant difference between weight categories (light and middleweights = 1:1.5, heavyweight = 1:1). This ratio was ~1:6 when high-intensity actions–to-pause activities were considered. Significant differences were also observed between rounds (all P < .001), with 1st-, 2nd-, and 3rd-round E:Ps of 1:1, 1:1.5, and ~1:2, respectively. The relative times of FT and PT, total attacking actions, upper-limb actions, number of technical actions performed on the head, and the number of high-intensity actions were higher in males than females (all P = .05). Males performed more jab-cross actions and fewer low kicks than females (P < .001). Males used upper-limb (63.4%) more than lower-limb techniques (36.6%), targeting the head (56.9%) more than the body/leg (43.1%), with no significant difference from females (P > .05). E:P was similar between winners and losers. However, the numbers of technical actions performed on the head, counterattack actions, jab-cross technique, and total punches were higher in winners than losers (all P < .05).Conclusions:Training programs need to be adapted to the specific requirements of kickboxers’ weight categories and gender to develop the technical-tactical abilities that improve athletes’ chances of winning.

scholarly journals Repeated High-Intensity Running and Sprinting in Elite Women’s Soccer Competition

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim J. Gabbett ◽  
Håvard Wiig ◽  
Matt Spencer
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Match Play ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Time Motion ◽  
Repeated Sprint ◽  
Sport Competition ◽  
Women's Soccer

Background:To the authors’ knowledge, no study has investigated the concurrent repeated, high-intensity (RHIA) and repeated-sprint activity (RSA) of intermittent team-sport competition.Purpose:In this study, they report on the RSA of elite women’s football competition. In addition, they describe the nature of RHIA (eg, striding and sprinting activities) that involve a high energy cost and are associated with short (ie, ≤20 s) recovery periods.Methods:Thirteen elite women soccer players underwent video-based time–motion analysis on 34 occasions during national and international standard matches. RSA and RHIA were defined as successive (ie, 2) sprints or striding and sprinting efforts that occurred with ≤20 s between efforts.Results:The number of RSA and RHIA bouts performed was similar between the first and second halves of matches. Sprinting and striding/sprinting durations tended to remain relatively stable irrespective of the number of efforts in an RSA or RHIA bout or the period of play. However, recovery duration between efforts increased in the second half, when a greater number of efforts were performed per bout.Conclusion:These findings suggest that first- to second-half reductions in RHIA and RSA do not occur in elite women’s soccer competition. However, players increase the amount of low-intensity recovery undertaken between RHIA and RSA efforts, most likely in an attempt to maintain RHIA and RSA performance. These findings emphasize the importance of RSA and RHIA to elite women’s soccer and highlight the importance of training this quality to prevent reductions in performance during competitive match play.

Individualization of Time–Motion Analysis: A Case-Cohort Example

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ric Lovell ◽  
Grant Abt
Keyword(s):  
Motion Analysis ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Match Play ◽  
Type Method ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Time Motion ◽  
External Loads

Purpose:To report the intensity distribution of Premier League soccer players’ external loads during match play, according to recognized physiological thresholds. The authors also present a case in which individualized speed thresholds changed the interpretation of time–motion data.Method:Eight outfield players performed an incremental treadmill test to exhaustion to determine the running speeds associated with their ventilatory thresholds. The running speeds were then used to individualize time–motion data collected in 5 competitive fixtures and compared with commonly applied arbitrary speed zones.Results:Of the total distance covered, 26%, 57%, and 17% were performed at low, moderate, and high intensity, respectively. Individualized time– motion data identified a 41% difference in the high-intensity distance covered between 2 players of the same positional role, whereas the player-independent approach yielded negligible (5–7%) differences in total and high-speed distances covered.Conclusions:The authors recommend that individualized speed thresholds be applied to time–motion-analysis data in synergy with the traditional arbitrary approach.

scholarly journals Investigating the Effect of Individual Rotations on the Physical and Physiological Performance in Elite Female Field Hockey Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1022
Author(s):  
Aideen McGuinness ◽  
Darren Kenna ◽  
Adam Grainger ◽  
Kieran Collins
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Maximal Velocity ◽  
Field Hockey ◽  
Match Play ◽  
Total Distance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Rate Maximum ◽  
Physiological Demands

To quantify the rotational demands of elite female field hockey with respect to position. Twenty-eight (n = 28) elite international field hockey players were recruited during the 2018–2020 seasons. Players were monitored with GPS technology and heart-rate monitors. Methods: Activity was categorised into total distance (m), relative total distance (m·min−1), high-speed distance (m; 16 km∙h−1), relative high-speed distance (m·min−1), max velocity (km·h−1), and percentage maximal velocity (%Vmax). Physiological demands were assessed via heart rate measures (bpm and % HRmax) and time > 80% heart rate maximum. Results: A single rotation equated to 7 ± 0.8 min. Players covered a mean total distance of was 868 ± 132 m (125.7 ± 5.9 m·min−1) with 140 ± 39 m at high-speed (21.7 ± 3.6 m·min−1). A significant difference was reported for relative total (p ≤ 0.001), and high-speed (p ≤ 0.001), distance across positional. Forwards were reported to cover the most relative total and high-speed distance (d = 1.0) when compared to defenders and midfielders. Conclusion: The study provides normative data for rotational demands of elite female field hockey. Coaches should consider these demands when developing training drills to better optimise the positional physical and physiological demands of competitive match-play.

scholarly journals Physical and Physiological Demands of Recreational Team Handball for Adult Untrained Men

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana C. A. Póvoas ◽  
Carlo Castagna ◽  
Carlos Resende ◽  
Eduardo Filipe Coelho ◽  
Pedro Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Exercise Mode ◽  
Time Motion ◽  
Team Handball ◽  
Physiological Demands ◽  
Fitness And Health ◽  
Peak Blood ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Peak Blood Lactate

Lack of motivation to exercise was reported as a major cause of sedentary behavior in adulthood. This descriptive study examines the acute physical and physiological demands of recreational team handball and evaluates whether it could be suggested as an exercise mode for fitness and health enhancement in 33–55-year-old untrained men. Time-motion, heart rate (HR), and blood lactate analyses were obtained from 4 recreational matches. Mean distance covered during the 60 min matches was6012±428 m. The players changed match activity386±70times, of which high-intensity runs and unorthodox movements amounted to59±18and26±26per match, respectively. The most frequent highly demanding playing actions were jumps and throws. Match average and peak HR were82±6% and93±5%  HRmax, respectively. Players exercised at intensities between 81 and 90%  HRmaxfor 47% (28±14 min) and >90%  HRmaxfor 24% (14±15 min) of total match time. Match average and peak blood lactate values were3.6±1.3and4.2±1.2 mM, respectively. Recreational team handball is an intermittent high-intensity exercise mode with physical and physiological demands in the range of those found to have a positive effect on aerobic, anaerobic, and musculoskeletal fitness in adult individuals. Training studies considering recreational team handball as a health enhancing intervention are warranted.

scholarly journals Distance and Intensity Profiles in Division I Women’s Soccer Matches across a Competitive Season

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Mario Norberto Sevilio de Oliveira Junior ◽  
Christiano Eduardo Veneroso ◽  
Guilherme Passos Ramos ◽  
Kelly E. Johnson ◽  
Justin P. Guilkey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Division I ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Total Distance ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Physiological Demands ◽  
Playing Time

Women’s participation in soccer has increased rapidly. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physiological demands imposed on women’s NCAA Division I soccer players across a season according to speed, total distance traveled, and numbers of sprints measured via GPS (Polar Team Pro®). Eighteen athletes (19.2 ± 1.1 years, 50.5 ± 6.5 mL/kg/min and 23.4 ± 3.6% fat) participated in this study. The analysis was obtained through 13 official matches. Speed zones were defined as Zone 1 (1.0 to 5.99 km·h−1), Zone 2 (6.0 to 10.99 km·h−1), Zone 3 (11.0 to 15.49 km·h−1), Zone 4 (15.5 to 19.9 km·h−1) and Zone 5 (sprint > 20 km·h−1), with Zones 4–5 considered as high intensity running. Individual differences in playing time and total distance were highly variable due to substitutions. Average distance traveled per game in quartiles was 3.9 km, 5.6 km and 7.4 km in the 25th, 50th, and 75th quartiles, respectively. Relative to playing time, players travelled an average of 113.64 ± 17.12 m/min (range: 93.7 to 143.5 m/min) and ran one sprint every 4.12 ± 2.06 min. When distance was summated and analyzed for the entire team, significant difference between halves was found for speed Zones 2, 3 and 4, with greater values found in the first half. Total distance, high intensity running and sprint distance were significantly less than previously recorded in professional players. These findings suggest that coaches should consider the unique physiological demands and recovery opportunities present in NCAA play when constructing practices and conditioning programs.

Comparison of Time spent between an electronic and a paper-based laboratory information system by laboratorians at a polyclinic in Greater Accra, Ghana: A time-motion study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Boakye
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Laboratory Information System ◽  
Time Motion ◽  
Accessible Information ◽  
Motion Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Motion Studies

The acceptance of electronic laboratory information system (LIS) is gradually increasing in developing countries. However, the issue of time effectiveness due to computerization is less clear as there is fewer accessible information. One of the key issues for laboratorians is their indecision with LISs’ would-be effect of time on their work. A polyclinic in Ghana was in the process of implementing electronic LIS. Several of the laboratorians did not have knowledge and skill in computing and there were disagreeing views on the time effectiveness of the LIS after implementation. The management of the polyclinic laboratory was concerned to assess time advantageousness of recording data when using the electronic LIS compared with paper-based LIS. <div><br></div><div>Five randomly selected laboratorians were provided two sheets of paper with tables to document the time they spent for both paper-based and electronic LIS. Data were collected for a total of 230 records,115 electronic LIS and 115 paper-based LIS. The t-test (mean-comparison test) was computed to compare the means of both electronic and paperbased LIS times. </div><div><br></div><div>There was a statistical significant difference in the time spent between electronic and paper-based LIS. The time spent between paper-based and electronic LIS was 0.41 minutes (95% CI 0.15 to 0.66) longer than in electronic LIS. </div><div><br></div><div>LIS can be adopted in polyclinics without having significant negative impact on time spent between electronic and paper-based LIS. More time–motion studies that include laboratorians are however necessary in order to get a more complete picture of time spent between electronic and paper-based LIS. </div>

scholarly journals PSV-6 Effects of chilled drinking water and cooled floor pads on behavior of lactating sows under heat stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 153-154
Author(s):  
Yuzhi Li ◽  
Yunhui Zhu ◽  
Michael Reese ◽  
Eric Buchanan ◽  
Lee Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Time Budget ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lactating Sows ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Drinking Frequency ◽  
And Control

Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate effects of chilled drinking water and cooled floor pads on behavior of lactating sows under heat stress. Sows were housed in individual farrowing stalls in two rooms with temperatures being controlled at 29.4°C (0700h to 1900h) and 23.9°C (1900h to 0700h). Sows in one room (treatment), but not in the other room (control) were provided with chilled drinking water (13 to 15°C) and cooled floor pads (15 to 18°C). Behavior of sows (n=15 sows/treatment; parity=1 to 6) was video recorded during farrowing, and d 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 after farrowing. Videos were viewed to register birth time of each piglet. Number of drinking bouts and duration of each bout were registered for 2 h (1530h to 1730h) each day after farrowing. Postures (lying laterally, lying ventrally, sitting, and standing) were recorded by scanning video-recordings at 5-min intervals for 24 h each day after farrowing, and time budget for each posture was calculated. Data were analyzed using the Glimmix Procedure of SAS. No effect of treatment was detected for litter size born, farrowing duration, or birth interval (P &gt;0.33; Table 1). Neither frequency nor duration of drinking bouts was affected by treatment (P &gt;0.27). No significant difference was observed in time budget for each posture (P &gt;0.46) between treatment and control groups. As lactation progressed, sows increased drinking frequency (from 1.2 drinks/2h on d 1 to 4.9 drinks/2h on d 21; P&lt; 0.001) and time spent lying ventrally (8% to 14%; P&lt; 0.0001), standing (4% to 10%; P&lt; 0.001), and sitting (2% to 4%; P&lt; 0.0001), and decreased time spent lying laterally (86% to 67%; P&lt; 0.0001) in both control and treatment rooms. These results indicate that chilled drinking water and cooled floor pads did not affect behavior of sows during farrowing and lactation in the current study.

scholarly journals A Meta-Analytical Comparison of the Effects of Small-Sided Games vs. Running-Based High-Intensity Interval Training on Soccer Players’ Repeated-Sprint Ability

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2781
Author(s):  
Filipe Manuel Clemente ◽  
Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo ◽  
José Afonso ◽  
Hugo Sarmento ◽  
Thomas Rosemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Training Interventions ◽  
Repeated Sprint Ability ◽  
Repeated Sprint ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Sprint Ability

This systematic review with a meta-analysis was conducted to compare the effects of small-sided games (SSGs)-based interventions with the effects of running-based high-intensity interval training (HIIT) interventions on soccer players’ repeated sprint ability (RSA). The data sources utilized were Web of Science, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and PubMed. The study eligibility criteria were: (i) parallel studies (SSG-based programs vs. running-based HIIT) conducted in soccer players with no restrictions on age, sex, or competitive level; (ii) isolated intervention programs (i.e., only SSG vs. only running-based HIIT as individual forms) with no restrictions on duration; (iii) a pre–post outcome for RSA; (iv) original, full-text, peer-reviewed articles written in English. An electronic search yielded 513 articles, four of which were included in the present study. There was no significant difference between the effects of SSG-based and HIIT-based training interventions on RSA (effect size (ES) = 0.30; p = 0.181). The within-group analysis revealed no significant effect of SSG-based training interventions (ES = −0.23; p = 0.697) or HIIT-based training interventions (ES = 0.08; p = 0.899) on RSA. The meta-comparison revealed that neither SSGs nor HIIT-based interventions were effective in improving RSA in soccer players, and no differences were found between the two types of training. This suggests that complementary training may be performed to improve the effects of SSGs and HIIT. It also suggests that different forms of HIIT can be used because of the range of opportunities that such training affords.

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