scholarly journals Exploring Self-Compassion and Versions of Masculinity in Men Athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 368-379
Author(s):  
Nathan A. Reis ◽  
Kent C. Kowalski ◽  
Amber D. Mosewich ◽  
Leah J. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Fear Of Negative Evaluation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Internalized Shame ◽  
Unique Variance ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Specific Scenario

Despite a growing emphasis on self-compassion in sport, little research has focused exclusively on men athletes. The purpose of this research was to explore the interaction of self-compassion and diverse versions of masculinity on the psychosocial well-being of men athletes. The authors sampled 172 men athletes (Mage = 22.8 yr) from a variety of sports, using descriptive methodology with self-report questionnaires. Self-compassion was related to most variables (e.g., psychological well-being, fear of negative evaluation, state self-criticism, internalized shame, reactions to a hypothetical sport-specific scenario) in hypothesized directions and predicted unique variance beyond self-esteem across most of those variables, as well as moderated relationships between masculinity and both autonomy and attitudes toward gay men. In addition, self-compassion was differentially related to inclusive and hegemonic masculinity. Our findings support self-compassion as a promising resource for men athletes to buffer emotionally difficult sport experiences.

A Compassionate Self Is a True Self? Self-Compassion Promotes Subjective Authenticity

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1323-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Wei Zhang ◽  
Serena Chen ◽  
Teodora K. Tomova Shakur ◽  
Begüm Bilgin ◽  
Wen Jia Chai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Fear Of Negative Evaluation ◽  
True Self ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Multiple Cultures

Theory and research converge to suggest that authenticity predicts positive psychological adjustment. Given these benefits of authenticity, there is a surprising dearth of research on the factors that foster authenticity. Five studies help fill this gap by testing whether self-compassion promotes subjective authenticity. Study 1 found a positive association between trait self-compassion and authenticity. Study 2 demonstrated that on days when people felt more self-compassionate, they also felt more authentic. Study 3 discovered that people experimentally induced to be self-compassionate reported greater state authenticity relative to control participants. Studies 4 and 5 recruited samples from multiple cultures and used a cross-sectional and a longitudinal design, respectively, and found that self-compassion predicts greater authenticity through reduced fear of negative evaluation (Study 4) and heightened optimism (Study 5). Across studies, self-compassion’s effects on authenticity could not be accounted for by self-esteem. Overall, the results suggest that self-compassion can help cultivate subjective authenticity.

Patterns of Social Relationships and Psychological Well-being among the Elderly

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiko Takahashi ◽  
Junko Tamura ◽  
Makiko Tokoro
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Type Method

On the premise that social relationships among elderly adults differ in terms of the most significant, dominant figure, this study aimed to examine: (1) whether there were qualitative differences in supportive functions between family-dominant and friend-dominant affective relationships, and (2) whether “lone wolves”, who were deficient in human resources, had difficulties in maintaining their well-being. A total of 148 Japanese, over the age of 65, both living in communities and in institutions were individually interviewed about their social relationships using a self-report type method, the Picture Affective Relationships test, and their well-being was assessed using Depression, Self-esteem, Life satisfaction, and Subjective health scales. Results showed that there were no differences in psychological well-being between family-dominant and friend-dominant participants, but those who lacked affective figures had lower scores in subjective well-being than did their family-dominant and friend-dominant counterparts. The generalisation of these findings to other cultures is discussed.

The marketplace, mental well-being, and me: Exploring self-efficacy, self-esteem, and self-compassion in consumer coping

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 410-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane E. Machin ◽  
Natalie Ross Adkins ◽  
Elizabeth Crosby ◽  
Justine Rapp Farrell ◽  
Ann M. Mirabito
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Mental Well Being

Self-Compassion: A Potential Resource for Young Women Athletes

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber D. Mosewich ◽  
Kent C. Kowalski ◽  
Catherine M. Sabiston ◽  
Whitney A. Sedgwick ◽  
Jessica L. Tracy
Keyword(s):  
Women Athletes ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Fear Of Negative Evaluation ◽  
Fear Of Failure ◽  
Social Physique Anxiety ◽  
Body Consciousness ◽  
Objectified Body Consciousness ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Shame Proneness

Self-compassion has demonstrated many psychological benefits (Neff, 2009). In an effort to explore self-compassion as a potential resource for young women athletes, we explored relations among self-compassion, proneness to self-conscious emotions (i.e., shame, guilt-free shame, guilt, shame-free guilt, authentic pride, and hubristic pride), and potentially unhealthy self-evaluative thoughts and behaviors (i.e., social physique anxiety, obligatory exercise, objectified body consciousness, fear of failure, and fear of negative evaluation). Young women athletes (N = 151; Mage = 15.1 years) participated in this study. Self-compassion was negatively related to shame proneness, guilt-free shame proneness, social physique anxiety, objectified body consciousness, fear of failure, and fear of negative evaluation. In support of theoretical propositions, self-compassion explained variance beyond self-esteem on shame proneness, guilt-free shame proneness, shame-free guilt proneness, objectified body consciousness, fear of failure, and fear of negative evaluation. Results suggest that, in addition to self-esteem promotion, self-compassion development may be beneficial in cultivating positive sport experiences for young women.

Emotional recovery following divorce: Will the real self-compassion please stand up?

2021 ◽  
pp. 026540752110472
Author(s):  
Ronald F Chau ◽  
Widyasita N Sawyer ◽  
Jeff Greenberg ◽  
Matthias R Mehl ◽  
David A Sbarra
Keyword(s):  
Positive Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Stream Of Consciousness ◽  
Predictive Utility ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Final Study ◽  
Emotional Recovery ◽  
Real Self

Self-compassion is a positive psychological construct associated with heightened well-being, but the construct is largely measured via self-report. In a study of divorcing adults ( N = 120), we sought to replicate and extend prior research on the association between self-rated and observed self-compassion, the linguistic cues associated with self-rated and observed self-compassion, and the predictive utility of observed self-compassion. Untrained observers rated participants’ stream-of-consciousness recordings about their marriage and separation experience. We found adequate consensus among raters of observed self-compassion and a significant, positive association between self-rated and observed self-compassion. Greater self- and observer-rated self-compassion were associated with less distress at baseline; however, only observed self-compassion was associated with less distress at the final study assessment. Discussion centers on the cues observers use to perceive self-compassion in others and the extent to which behavioral manifestations of affect may shape such ratings.

scholarly journals Relationships between emotional schemas, mindfulness, self-compassion and unconditional self-acceptance on the regulation of psychological needs

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Faustino ◽  
António Branco Vasco ◽  
Ana Nunes Silva ◽  
Telma Marques
Keyword(s):  
Experiential Avoidance ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Self Acceptance

Emotional schemas are pervasive mental structures associated with a wide array of psychological symptoms, while mindfulness, self-compassion, and self-acceptance are viewed as adaptive psychological constructs. Psychological needs may be described as the cornerstone of mental health and well-being. However, a study of the relationships between emotional schemas, mindfulness, self-compassion, and self-acceptance with psychological needs was not performed. For this purpose, 250 subjects (M=20.67, SD=4.88, Male=33, Female=217), were evaluated through self-report questionnaires, in a cross-sectional design. Negative correlations were found between emotional schemas, mindfulness, self-compassion, unconditional self-acceptance, and psychological needs. Symptomatology was positively correlated with emotional schemas. Mindfulness, self-compassion, and unconditional self-acceptance predicted the regulation of psychological needs and mediated the relationship between emotional schemas and psychological needs. Emotional schemas may be associated with a tendency for experiential avoidance of internal reality, self-rejection/shame and self-criticism which may impair the regulation of psychological needs. These variables may be targets of integrative case conceptualization and clinical decision making focused on patient’s timings, styles of communication and needs.

scholarly journals Soothing Your Heart and Feeling Connected: A New Experimental Paradigm to Study the Benefits of Self-Compassion

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Kirschner ◽  
Willem Kuyken ◽  
Kim Wright ◽  
Henrietta Roberts ◽  
Claire Brejcha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Response Pattern ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Psychophysiological Response ◽  
Underlying Processes ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Arousal Reduction

Self-compassion and its cultivation in psychological interventions are associated with improved mental health and well-being. However, the underlying processes for this are not well understood. We randomly assigned 135 participants to study the effect of two short-term self-compassion exercises on self-reported-state mood and psychophysiological responses compared to three control conditions of negative (rumination), neutral, and positive (excitement) valence. Increased self-reported-state self-compassion, affiliative affect, and decreased self-criticism were found after both self-compassion exercises and the positive-excitement condition. However, a psychophysiological response pattern of reduced arousal (reduced heart rate and skin conductance) and increased parasympathetic activation (increased heart rate variability) were unique to the self-compassion conditions. This pattern is associated with effective emotion regulation in times of adversity. As predicted, rumination triggered the opposite pattern across self-report and physiological responses. Furthermore, we found partial evidence that physiological arousal reduction and parasympathetic activation precede the experience of feeling safe and connected.

Students’ Perception of Teachers’ Humor Predicts Their Mental Health

2020 ◽  
pp. 003329412097263
Author(s):  
Ryota Tsukawaki ◽  
Tomoya Imura
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Report ◽  
School Students ◽  
Aggressive Humor ◽  
Asking Questions

The aim of the present study was to determine whether two types of teacher humor (Aggressive Humor and Affinity Humor) are predictors of students’ mental health. A self-report scale was administered to 500 elementary and junior high school students in grades 4 to 9 (mean age 12.04, SD = 1.76) asking questions about perceived teacher humor, stress response, emotional well-being, and self-esteem. Aggressive humor was a significant positive predictor of stress response and a significant negative predictor of emotional well-being. Affinity humor was a significant positive predictor of emotional well-being and self-esteem. These results suggest that the teacher’s humor is related to students’ mental health. We conclude that teachers should refrain from using aggressive humor as much as possible in favor of affinity humor.

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