Influence of Quiet Rest and Acute Aerobic Exercise Performed in a Naturalistic Environment on Selected Psychological Responses

2001 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian C. Focht ◽  
Heather A. Hausenblas
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Young Women ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Psychological Responses ◽  
Social Physique Anxiety ◽  
Secondary Purpose ◽  
Naturalistic Environment ◽  
Positive Engagement

The primary purpose of the present study was to examine psychological responses of 50 young women following single episodes of aerobic exercise (AE) performed in a naturalistic exercise setting and quiet rest (QR). Given the salience of self-presentational qualities in a naturalistic exercise setting, a secondary purpose was to examine whether psychological responses to acute exercise varied as a function of social physique anxiety (SPA). The dependent measures of state anxiety, positive engagement, revitalization, tranquility, and physical exhaustion were assessed immediately prior to and then at 5 and 30 minutes following each condition. It was found that (a) AE and QR were associated with decreases in state anxiety and increases in tranquility; (b) AE was associated with increases in positive engagement and revitalization; and (c) these changes did not vary as a function of SPA level.

State Anxiety Responses to Acute Exercise in Women with High Social Physique Anxiety

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian C. Focht ◽  
Heather A. Hausenblas
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Time Factors ◽  
Social Physique Anxiety ◽  
Exercise Condition ◽  
Item Level ◽  
Naturalistic Environment ◽  
Level Analysis

This study examined the state anxiety (SA) and perceived arousal (AS) responses to self-selected or imposed-intensity bouts of acute exercise performed in different environments by 30 women with high social physique anxiety (SPA). Participants were randomly assigned to a self-selected or imposed-intensity choice group and subsequently (a) exercised in a naturalistic environment, (b) exercised in a laboratory environment, and (c) rested quietly. Assessments of SA and AS were obtained before, during, and following each condition and data were analyzed via separate 2 × 3 × 6 (Intensity Choice × Condition × Time) ANOVAs with repeated measures on the Condition and Time factors. Results revealed that AS increased during both exercise conditions. Conversely, SA was elevated only during the naturalistic exercise condition, and item-level analysis revealed that this increase was composed of both activation and apprehension/worry inventory items. Although SA was reduced 5 min following both exercise conditions, the anxiolytic effect only persisted following the laboratory condition. No significant differences in SA or AS were observed between the two groups. It is concluded that environmentally-induced perceived evaluative threat is associated with an increase in SA during exercise and may attenuate postexercise anxiolysis in women with high SPA.

Self-Efficacy Influences Feeling States Associated with Acute Exercise

1994 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Bezoian ◽  
W. Jack Rejeski ◽  
Edward McAuley
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Psychological Responses ◽  
Acute Bout ◽  
Feeling States ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Positive Engagement

The present study examined the role that preexisting efficacy cognitions played in the generation of exercise-induced feeling states during and following an acute bout of exercise. In so doing, the construct validity of a newly developed measure of psychological responses to exercise, the Exercise-Induced Feeling Inventory (EFI; Gauvin & Rejeski, 1993), was investigated. Female undergraduates, classified as having either high or low physical efficacy, engaged in an acute exercise bout and feeling states were recorded prior to, during, and following the activity. More efficacious females maintained a sense of energy during exercise and felt more revitalized and experienced increased positive engagement postexercise than did their less efficacious counterparts. Such findings provide further support for a social-cognitive interpretation of how psychological responses to physical activity might be generated. Results are further discussed in terms of the measurement of exercise-induced feeling states and future applications of the EFI.

scholarly journals Effects of Caffeine and Acute Aerobic Exercise on Working Memory and Caffeine Withdrawal

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anisa Morava ◽  
Matthew James Fagan ◽  
Harry Prapavessis
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Withdrawal Symptoms ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Caffeine Withdrawal ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Cognitive Benefits

AbstractStudies show that a single bout of exercise confers cognitive benefits. However, many individuals use psychoactive substances such as caffeine to enhance cognitive performance. The effects of acute exercise in comparison to caffeine on cognition remain unknown. Furthermore, caffeine use is associated with withdrawal symptoms upon cessation. Whether acute exercise can reduce withdrawal symptoms also remains unknown. The objectives of this study were to compare the effects of acute moderate intensity aerobic exercise to caffeine on working memory (WM) and caffeine withdrawal symptoms (CWS). In Phase I, non-caffeine (n = 29) and caffeine consumers (n = 30) completed a WM assessment, followed by acute exercise and caffeine. In Phase II, caffeine consumers (n = 25) from Phase I underwent the WM assessment and reported CWS following a 12-hour deprivation period. Acute moderate intensity aerobic exercise and caffeine (1.2 mg/kg) significantly improved WM accuracy and reduced CWS comparably. WM performance was not reduced following caffeine deprivation.

scholarly journals Acute Exercise Increases Adiponectin Levels in Abdominally Obese Men

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis J. Saunders ◽  
Andrew Palombella ◽  
K. Ashlee McGuire ◽  
Peter M. Janiszewski ◽  
Jean-Pierre Després ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Acute Bout ◽  
Plasma Adiponectin ◽  
Peak Intensity ◽  
Before And After

Objective. To examine the effect of acute and short-term (~1 week) aerobic exercise training on plasma adiponectin levels in inactive, abdominally obese men.Materials and Methods. Inactive and abdominally obese men (n=38, waist circumference ≥102 cm) recruited from Kingston, Canada were randomly allocated to perform three bouts of aerobic treadmill exercise at either low (50% VO2peak) or high (75% VO2peak) intensity during a 1-week period. Blood samples were taken before and after the first exercise session and 24–72 hours following the completion of the final exercise session.Results. Adiponectin levels were elevated immediately following an acute bout of exercise at both high and low intensities (High:5.79±0.42versus5.05±0.41 ug/mL; Low:5.24±0.44versus4.37±0.44 ug/mL,P<0.05) and remained elevated following 30 minutes of rest. In comparison to baseline, adiponectin levels were also elevated 24–72 hours following the final exercise session (High:5.47±0.48versus4.88±0.48 ug/mL; Low:5.18±0.49versus4.47±0.49 ug/mL,P<0.05).Conclusion. Both acute and short-term aerobic exercise result in a significant increase in plasma adiponectin levels in inactive, abdominally obese men independent of intensity.

Acute high-intensity aerobic exercise increases gene expression of calcium-related proteins and activates endoplasmic reticulum stress responses in diabetic hearts

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
H.O. Ness ◽  
K. Ljones ◽  
M. Pinho ◽  
M.A. Høydal
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Mitochondrial Respiration ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training

Regular aerobic exercise training has a wide range of beneficial cardiac effects, but recent data also show that acute very strenuous aerobic exercise may impose a transient cardiac exhaustion. The aim of this study was to assess the response to acute high-intensity aerobic exercise on properties of mitochondrial respiration, cardiomyocyte contractile function, Ca2+ handling and transcriptional changes for key proteins facilitating Ca2+ handling and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress responses in type 2 diabetic mice. Diabetic mice were assigned to either sedentary control or an acute bout of exercise, consisting of a 10×4 minutes high-intensity interval treadmill run. Mitochondrial respiration, contractile and Ca2+ handling properties of cardiomyocytes were analysed 1 hour after completion of exercise. Gene expression levels of key Ca2+ handling and ER stress response proteins were measured in cardiac tissue samples harvested 1 hour and 24 hours after exercise. We found no significant changes in mitochondrial respiration, cardiomyocyte contractile function or Ca2+ handling 1 hour after the acute exercise. However, gene expression of Atp2a2, Slc8a1 and Ryr2, encoding proteins involved in cardiomyocyte Ca2+ handling, were all significantly upregulated 24 hours after the acute exercise bout. Acute exercise also altered gene expression of several key proteins in ER stress response and unfolded protein response, including Grp94, total Xbp1, Gadd34, and Atf6. The present results show that despite no significant alterations in functional properties of cardiomyocyte function, Ca2+ handling or mitochondrial respiration following one bout of high intensity aerobic exercise training, the expression of genes involved in Ca2+ handling and key components in ER stress and the unfolded protein response were changed. These transcriptional changes may constitute important steps in initiating adaptive remodelling to exercise training in type 2 diabetes.

Measuring State Anxiety in the Context of Acute Exercise Using the State Anxiety Inventory: An Attempt to Resolve the Brouhaha

1999 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panteleimon Ekkekakis ◽  
Eric E. Hall ◽  
Steven J. Petruzzello
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
The State ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Vigorous Exercise ◽  
Item Level ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Anxiety Subscale

Two studies were conducted to examine the internal consistency and validity of the state anxiety subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (SAI) in the context of acute exercise. SAI responses typically found in the exercise literature were replicated. Analysis at the item level revealed divergent response patterns, confounding the total SAI score. During moderate and immediately after vigorous exercise, scores on items referring to cognitive antecedents of anxiety decreased, whereas scores on items assessing perceived activation increased. Indices of internal showed exercise-associated decreases. A principal-components analysis of responses immediately postexercise revealed a multidimensional structure, distinguishing “cognitive” and “activation” items. By failing to discern exercise-induced and anxiety-related increases in activation from anxiety-antecedent appraisals, the SAI exhibits compromised internal consistency and validity in the context of acute exercise.

Self-Compassion: A Potential Resource for Young Women Athletes

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber D. Mosewich ◽  
Kent C. Kowalski ◽  
Catherine M. Sabiston ◽  
Whitney A. Sedgwick ◽  
Jessica L. Tracy
Keyword(s):  
Women Athletes ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Fear Of Negative Evaluation ◽  
Fear Of Failure ◽  
Social Physique Anxiety ◽  
Body Consciousness ◽  
Objectified Body Consciousness ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Shame Proneness

Self-compassion has demonstrated many psychological benefits (Neff, 2009). In an effort to explore self-compassion as a potential resource for young women athletes, we explored relations among self-compassion, proneness to self-conscious emotions (i.e., shame, guilt-free shame, guilt, shame-free guilt, authentic pride, and hubristic pride), and potentially unhealthy self-evaluative thoughts and behaviors (i.e., social physique anxiety, obligatory exercise, objectified body consciousness, fear of failure, and fear of negative evaluation). Young women athletes (N = 151; Mage = 15.1 years) participated in this study. Self-compassion was negatively related to shame proneness, guilt-free shame proneness, social physique anxiety, objectified body consciousness, fear of failure, and fear of negative evaluation. In support of theoretical propositions, self-compassion explained variance beyond self-esteem on shame proneness, guilt-free shame proneness, shame-free guilt proneness, objectified body consciousness, fear of failure, and fear of negative evaluation. Results suggest that, in addition to self-esteem promotion, self-compassion development may be beneficial in cultivating positive sport experiences for young women.

The impact of acute and chronic exercise on thrombosis in cardiovascular disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 101 (03) ◽  
pp. 452-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxanne Pelletier ◽  
Kim L. Lavoie ◽  
Simon L. Bacon
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Chronic Exercise ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Intensity Of Exercise ◽  
The Impact

SummaryThere is now a large and impressive literature showing that people who engage in chronic aerobic exercise or who have better cardiovascular fitness levels, tend to live longer and have lower levels of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there is a paradox, as acute aerobic exercise has been associated with an increased risk of CVD events. There are now a number of review articles suggesting that the differential benefits of chronic, relative to acute, exercise might be due to thrombotic changes, though the majority of this data is derived from healthy individuals. However, acute exercise is of greater concern and chronic exercise of greater benefit to patient populations. In addition, these higher risk groups tend to present with more complex profiles, e.g. they may be taking medications that influence thrombotic pathways. As such, the current review has focused on newer information relating to exercise, physical activity and thrombosis in patient populations, and highlights some of the growing area’s in the field. For example, the impact of warm-up exercise, the interaction of medications, and issues surrounding the optimal volume and intensity of exercise.

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