Practitioners’ Perspectives on Values, Knowledge, and Skills Needed by PETE Participants

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan A. McCullick
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Teacher Educators ◽  
Cooperating Teachers ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Physical Educators ◽  
Teacher Socialization ◽  
Practicing Teachers ◽  
Teachers Perspectives ◽  
Analytic Induction

This study examined practicing teachers’ perspectives on the requisite characteristics needed for participants in PETE. Eighteen physical educators were interviewed. The interviews were audiotaped and transcribed, and the data were analyzed using analytic induction, which allowed the researcher to draw themes and commonalities from participant answers. Interpretivism and teacher socialization theories were used to analyze and understand the data. Dominant themes emerging from this study were that undergraduates should have a love for physical activity, should like children and people, be physically fit, and be flexible. The teachers also believed that a teacher educator’s effectiveness in preparing future physical educators depended on being credible, displaying a love for physical activity, and having concern for undergraduates and their development as teachers. Finally, themes emerging specific to characteristics of cooperating teachers included commitment to the profession, displaying effectiveness as teachers, and embodying personal characteristics such as honesty and adaptability. This study is significant in that it provides evidence of a shared technical culture in physical education, gives teacher educators valuable input as to the type of student who would likely be a good physical education teacher, and gives voice to those who teach physical education in an area in which they should be intimately familiar—the preparation of a teacher for public school.

Children’s Heart Rates during Physical Education Lessons: A Review

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gareth Stratton
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Educators ◽  
Vigorous Activity ◽  
Education Curriculum ◽  
Maximum Heart Rate ◽  
Physically Active

Physical educators have purported to teach children to be physically active and to promote their fitness. To achieve these goals, children should regularly experience moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during physical education lessons. For the purposes of this review, moderate physical activity is that which elicits a heart rate of 50% of maximum heart rate reserve (MHRR), moderate-to-vigorous activity elicits 60% of MHRR, and vigorous activity elicits 75% of MHRR. Duration criteria were set at 50% of lesson time or 20 min. The majority of lessons described in previous reports failed to achieve these criteria, although problems were noted in method and analyses of data. Lessons with physical activity as a direct goal have been successful in increasing MVPA. A greater focus on physical activity is required in the planning and delivery of physical education lessons if the physical activity and fitness goals of the physical education curriculum are to be met.

The Status of Physical Education Within a Nationally Recognized School Health and Wellness Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella M. McLoughlin ◽  
Kim C. Graber ◽  
Amelia M. Woods ◽  
Tom Templin ◽  
Mike Metzler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
School Health ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Physical Educators ◽  
Health And Wellness ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
The Status ◽  
Comprehensive Programs

Purpose: To address the obesity epidemic and promote children’s health; several health organizations recommend that schools develop comprehensive programs designed to promote physical activity and health behavior. Given a lack of empirical investigation, the authors sought to understand how physical education programs are perceived within such initiatives. Methods: A case study was conducted to acquire insights of key stakeholders (N = 67) in a school nationally recognized for promoting physical activity and health. Data were collected using formal interviews, informal interviews, observations, and document analysis. Data were analyzed utilizing grounded theory and constant comparison. Results: Physical education was viewed positively by stakeholders; however, physical educators felt marginalized within the school infrastructure. Systemic barriers to program quality included lack of leadership, feelings of marginalization, and insufficient funding and collaboration. Discussion: Findings raise concerns about the difficulty of sustaining a high-quality physical education program even in a school recognized for significant support of physical activity.

Validation of the Physical Education Teachers' Physical Activity Self-efficacy Scale with a Turkish Sample

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Okkes Alpaslan Gencay
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Physical Educators ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Reliable Scale

The main purpose of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the Physical Education Teachers' Physical Activity Self-efficacy Scale (PETPAS), developed by Martin and Kulinna (2003), in a Turkish setting, and to test if there are any differences according to gender and teaching experience of Turkish PE teachers. The Turkish version of the PETPAS was administered to 227 physical educators from 3 cities in Turkey. Exploratory factor analysis showed that the scale consists of 4 dimensions, as does the original. Cronbach's alpha was .86, and both the Equal-Length Spearman Brown split-half coefficient (r = .72) and Guttman's split-half coefficient (r = .73) showed good results. The independent t test results revealed that there were significant gender differences in space, time, and institution subscales. One way ANOVA results also indicated that student and space subscales significantly differed according to teaching experience of the PE teachers. These results indicated that the PETPAS is a valid and reliable scale for Turkish culture.

scholarly journals Teachers’ Perspectives on the Use of Pedometers as Instructional Technology in Physical Education: A Cautionary Tale

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nate McCaughtry ◽  
Kimberly L. Oliver ◽  
Suzanna Rocco Dillon ◽  
Jeffrey J. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Teacher Educators ◽  
Developmental Theory ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Cautionary Tale ◽  
Implementation Challenges ◽  
Elementary Physical Education ◽  
Teachers Perspectives

We used cognitive developmental theory to examine teachers’ perspectives on the use of pedometers in physical education. Twenty-six elementary physical education teachers participating in long-term professional development were observed and interviewed twice over 6 months as they learned to incorporate pedometers into their teaching. Data were analyzed via constant comparison. The teachers reported four significant shifts in their thinking and values regarding pedometers. First, at the beginning, the teachers predicted they would encounter few implementation challenges that they would not be able to overcome, but, after prolonged use, they voiced several limitations to implementing pedometers in physical education. Second, they anticipated that pedometers would motivate primarily higher skilled students, but found that lesser skilled students connected with them more. Third, they moved from thinking they could use pedometers to teach almost any content to explaining four areas of content that pedometers are best suited to assist in teaching. Last, they shifted from seeing pedometers as potential accountability tools for student learning and their teaching to identifying key limitations to using pedometers for assessment. Our discussion centers on connecting these findings to teacher learning and professional development, and on the implications for teacher educators and professional development specialists advocating pedometers in physical education.

scholarly journals Reimagining professional competence in physical education

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 662-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine D. Ennis
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Physical Educators ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
School Wellness ◽  
School Day ◽  
Academic School

Physical educators have critical roles to play in assisting communities and schools to increase physical activity for all citizens. They can assist classroom teachers in increasing physical activity in the academic school day and can serve as school wellness directors to increase the amount of physical activity students and school staff members receive during the day. Additionally, physical educators can implement innovative approaches to physical education curricula to enhance students' opportunities to be active and to learn concepts to assist them to be physically active now and for a lifetime. When implementing evidence-based approaches to physical education, teachers need to teach the curriculum coherently and with fidelity. New programs such as Science, PE, & Me! and the Science of Healthful Living provide opportunities for students to examine the effects of exercise on their bodies in a physically active, learning-oriented approach to physical education.

The post 16 gap: how do young people conceptualise PE? An exploration of the barriers to participation in physical education, physical activity and sport in senior school pupils

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe G. Cowley ◽  
Ian McIntosh ◽  
John Kiely ◽  
Dave J. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Young People ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Physical Educators ◽  
Physical Literacy ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Adult Fitness

Abstract Previous studies have identified several key barriers to Physical Education, Physical activity and Sport (PEPAS). However, there is a paucity of qualitative evidence investigating why young people do and do not participate in PA and the relationship between their levels of participation at different stages of life. This study builds on a previous study and aims to investigate the barriers to PEPAS in adolescents at transition stage. The extant literature highlights that instilling regular PA throughout life strongly relies on developing physical literacy through participation in high quality physical education. Despite the understanding of the importance of high quality physical education, there is an over emphasis on the short term outcomes of physical education (PE) sessions which have been noted to overemphasise immediate physical activity rather than focus on educational outcomes important to physical literacy. Anecdotally, the recent Covid 19 Global pandemic and subsequent lockdown has resulted in a digitalisation of PE in schools and a subsequent reliance of PA programmes based on adult fitness classes, which may not necessarily be categorised as PE in its true sense. Twenty-four respondents aged 16–19 were divided into five focus groups. Data were analysed verbatim using NVivo following the guidelines by Braun and Clark (2006) on thematic analysis. The findings indicated that most respondents equated PE with team sports. Findings suggest that Physical Educators need to acknowledge how past and present experience of PE impacts young people’s future motivation to continue PA beyond school. Delivery of traditional PE lessons, prioritising sporting ability, can act as a participation barrier to pupils who consider themselves “non-sporty”. Accordingly, a shift towards inclusive pedagogical models with an emphasis on a holistic approach, may best promote the physical literacy necessary for the competence and confidence to continue movement in a lifelong capacity.

Physical Education Lesson Content and Teacher Style and Elementary Students’ Motivation and Physical Activity Levels

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather E. Erwin ◽  
Megan Babkes Stellino ◽  
Michael W. Beets ◽  
Aaron Beighle ◽  
Christine E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Physical Educators ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Southern Us ◽  
Lesson Content ◽  
American Children ◽  
Situational Motivation

Obesity levels among American children are increasing at an alarming rate, due in part to a lack of regular physical activity (PA). Physical education (PE) is one way to facilitate student PA. The overarching PA goal for physical educators is 50% PA for students. Self-determination theory suggests that PA levels in PE and a variety of other contexts depend upon individuals’ motivation levels. The purpose of this study was to determine whether autonomy and lesson type related to children’s self-determination for, and actual, PA in elementary PE. Children from four elementary schools in the southern US engaged in four different PE lessons, representing variations in teaching conditions associated with student groupings and level of task choice. Students completed a motivation scale and wore pedometers and accelerometers. Results showed no situational motivation differences, but PA differences by lesson type existed. A number of plausible explanations are presented.

scholarly journals Scholarly Behaviors of Physical Education Methods Teacher Educators in Ohio

1992 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray F. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Teacher Educators ◽  
Physical Educators ◽  
University Professors ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Professional Journals ◽  
Reading Professional ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Reported Data

This study focused on the behavior of a proportional, stratified random sample of 40 physical education methods teacher educators (PEMTEs) in the state of Ohio, or more specifically, on the professional implications of their scholarly behaviors. The focal questions addressed were (a) how do PEMTEs meet their responsibility to stay current in their professional areas, and (b) what are the professional implications of these efforts? Four specific behaviors were examined as evidence of scholarly behaviors: (a) reading professional journals, (b) writing for publication, (c) attendance at professional conferences, and (d) active involvement in research. Findings were then contrasted to findings from previous studies of physical educators, education professors, and university professors. PEMTEs in Ohio tend to read the professional literature related to physical education without attending to the literature in the broader realm of education. Few of the PEMTEs in Ohio write for publication or are actively involved with research—behaviors shared with other physical educators, education professors, and many university professors. PEMTEs appear to attend more state and national meetings than do other physical educators or other university professors. The extent of involvement at such conferences, however, is unknown. Implications of the behaviors described are discussed, and conclusions are drawn on the basis of the reported data.

Development of Self-Concept and Self-Efficacy: Considerations for Mainstreaming

1985 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane H. Craft ◽  
Patricia I. Hogan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Affective Domain ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Educational Outcome ◽  
Physical Educators ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Handicapped Children

Humanistic goals related to the affective domain have been of considerable influence in the justification of mainstreaming. Physical educators have traditionally identified development in this domain as a salient educational outcome of physical activity and of physical education programs. Concerning handicapped children in regular physical education programs, the benefits related to development in the affective domain have been espoused and projected to be significant. However, development in the affective domain (especially as related to self-concept and self-efficacy) does not occur incidentally, but must be planned for. This article elaborates on the constructs of self-concept and self-efficacy and discusses the implications for developing or enhancing these constructs in mainstreamed handicapped children.

scholarly journals Physical Education Cooperating Teachers’ perspectives on professional ethics

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Elsa Ribeiro-Silva ◽  
Catarina Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Cooperating Teachers ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Professional Attitude ◽  
Teachers Perspectives ◽  
The University

The teaching profession, being a profession that above all requires human interaction, is inseparable from ethics (Castilho, 2018). Initial teacher training is recognised by its impact in professional development of pre-service teachers, and cooperating teachers are fundamental in this stage. The ethical-professional attitude is transversal to all knowledge related to initial education. Therefore, it is important to study the perspective of cooperating teachers regarding professional ethics. This article presents case studies concerning Portuguese physical education cooperating teachers’ perspective of pre-service teachers’ professional ethics. We followed a qualitative methodology and data was collected from a semi-structured interview with 5 questions. It was interviewed 5 cooperating teachers of the master’s degree in Teaching Physical Education in the University of Coimbra. Data was analysed through thematic content analysis (Bardin, 2011) and revealed that cooperating teachers focus mainly on the personal conduct shown by pre-service teachers. These results reveal a reductionist perception of the notion of professional ethics and the association of professional ethics to personal ethics.

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