The Cretaceous-Tertiary catastrophic event at Millers Ferry, Alabama

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard K. Olsson ◽  
Chengjie Liu ◽  
Mickey Van Fossen
Keyword(s):  
Catastrophic Event

A modelling approach to the investigation of the effects of the Minoan supervolcanic eruption on Aegian sand fly diversity

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362110259
Author(s):  
Attila J Trájer
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Coefficient Matrix ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Jaccard Coefficient ◽  
Catastrophic Event ◽  
Heat Map ◽  
Aegean Islands ◽  
Minoan Eruption ◽  
Modelling Approach

The late Bronze Age eruption of the Thera volcano was among the largest eruptions of the Holocene era. This catastrophic event might perish all organisms from the ancient Santorini and could seriously impact the sand fly fauna of the Aegean islands. To investigate these effects, the survival possibility of the sand fly fauna in the Santorini islands and the biogeographic investigation of the sand fly fauna of eleven Aegean islands were conducted. It was found that only the south and east slopes of the massifs of Thira could provide refuge for sand fly populations. The expression-based heat map of the Jaccard coefficient matrix data showed that the Santorini islands and their neighbouring Anafi, Folegandros had clearly different z-score patterns compared to the other islands. It could be a late sign of the devastating effect of the Minoan eruption and/or the consequence of the distance of these islands from the mainland. Neither the glacial seashore patterns nor the geographic-climatic conditions can explain the present sand fly fauna of the Aegean Archipelago. If the sand fly populations of ancient Santorini survived the Minoan cataclysm, it could indicate that the environmental tolerance and the resilience of the sand fly populations can be high, and local geological and geomorphological conditions can play a greater role in the survival of sand fly species than previously assumed.

scholarly journals Dinosaurs in decline tens of millions of years before their final extinction

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (18) ◽  
pp. 5036-5040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manabu Sakamoto ◽  
Michael J. Benton ◽  
Chris Venditti
Keyword(s):  
Mass Extinction ◽  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Extinction Rate ◽  
Catastrophic Event ◽  
Extinction Event ◽  
Mass Extinction Event ◽  
First Time

Whether dinosaurs were in a long-term decline or whether they were reigning strong right up to their final disappearance at the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K-Pg) mass extinction event 66 Mya has been debated for decades with no clear resolution. The dispute has continued unresolved because of a lack of statistical rigor and appropriate evolutionary framework. Here, for the first time to our knowledge, we apply a Bayesian phylogenetic approach to model the evolutionary dynamics of speciation and extinction through time in Mesozoic dinosaurs, properly taking account of previously ignored statistical violations. We find overwhelming support for a long-term decline across all dinosaurs and within all three dinosaurian subclades (Ornithischia, Sauropodomorpha, and Theropoda), where speciation rate slowed down through time and was ultimately exceeded by extinction rate tens of millions of years before the K-Pg boundary. The only exceptions to this general pattern are the morphologically specialized herbivores, the Hadrosauriformes and Ceratopsidae, which show rapid species proliferations throughout the Late Cretaceous instead. Our results highlight that, despite some heterogeneity in speciation dynamics, dinosaurs showed a marked reduction in their ability to replace extinct species with new ones, making them vulnerable to extinction and unable to respond quickly to and recover from the final catastrophic event.

Seventh-Day Syndrome: A Catastrophic Event After Liver Transplantation: Case Report

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1055-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pereira ◽  
I. Ferreira ◽  
J. Gandara ◽  
S. Ferreira ◽  
V. Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Catastrophic Event

scholarly journals Information-driven Supply Chain During a Catastrophic Event: COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 2516600X2098735
Author(s):  
Mahdi Safa ◽  
Nomita Sharma ◽  
Pamela Zelbst
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Inflection Point ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Supply Chain Risk ◽  
Catastrophic Event ◽  
Reform Agenda ◽  
Humanitarian Supply Chain

We learn painful lessons these days about the hidden weaknesses in the supply chains, while the surge reflects a new inflection point of the COVID-19 outbreak. Healthcare experts, politicians, academics, and supply chain practitioners need to collaborate to build a reform agenda and roadmap for our humanitarian supply chain. This study aims at investigating and assessing risks on the supply chain, especially for health care supplies. The theme of the article is based on the development of an information-driven model to help in the assessment of supply chain risk. An integrative review technique has been used to analyze literature to develop prepositions for the model. The main actors of the model are supply chain preparedness, supply chain risk, supply chain response, and supply chain recovery. The findings identify that timely preparation and assessment of supply chain risk can result in accurate adoption of the practices that can not only reduce supply chain risk but also enhance supply chain recovery during any catastrophic event.

Periaortic air in native and post-operative aorta on computed tomography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansi Verma ◽  
Amit Ajit Deshpande ◽  
Niraj Nirmal Pandey ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Radical Surgery ◽  
Imaging Finding ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Catastrophic Event ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pictorial Review ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Indispensable Tool

Periaortic air can be seen in various conditions which can be a benign imaging finding or harbinger of a catastrophic event. The causes vary in native aorta and post-operative aorta. A radiologist has an important part in the management process of these patients, as the treatment varies from conservative to radical surgery based on the aetiology. The presence of periaortic air seen in the light of various clinical, laboratory and radiological findings can guide the radiologist towards a particular aetiology. Cross-sectional imaging, mainly computed tomography, is an indispensable tool in recognising ectopic periaortic air and to identify the associated findings and eventually make an accurate diagnosis. We present a pictorial review of various causes of the periaortic air in native and postoperative aorta, the salient features and management of the described conditions.

Unus Pro Omnibus, Omnes Pro Uno

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Tommaso Natoli
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Regional Models ◽  
Catastrophic Event ◽  
Regional Organizations ◽  
Common Trends ◽  
Regional Institutions ◽  
Legal Frameworks

Abstract Neighbouring States form regional institutions for purposes that they cannot meet singularly, as in case of exceptional events that overwhelm national capacities. Comparing regional organizations endowed with specific Disaster Management (dm) functions provides a suitable analytical lens of this phenomenon, being a means for exploring how fundamental principles like sovereignty or solidarity are differently combined within their legal frameworks. Building on a comparative analysis of two regional models (eu and asean-aha), the article suggests that the positioning of regional organizations on the sovereignty-solidarity axis is facilitated by an adapted use of the well-known Latin maxim ‘unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno’. This indicates both dynamics in which the organization is endowed with autonomous capacities of acting in support of members stricken by a catastrophic event, and those regional mechanisms whose functioning depends on the case-by-case involvement of their membership. As will be maintained, whereas these interrelated dynamics coexist in the two organizations analysed, they are differently modelled according to the respective regulatory settings. Yet, common trends in the development of respective institutional functioning can be detected.

Agile stockpiles an insurance for drug supply

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-17
Author(s):  
Eddy Gilissen ◽  
◽  
Chris Mulligan ◽  
Simon Tottman ◽  
Per Troein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Catastrophic Event ◽  
Health Organizations ◽  
Safety Stock ◽  
The World ◽  
Additional Burden

Healthcare systems across the world are looking at ways of maintaining the continuity of supply of medicines to patients in times of crisis.Whilst this is not a new phenomenon, the additional burden placed on the supply chain during COVID-19 has meant it has come more into the spotlight. The need to use a stockpile can be caused by an interruption to supply, a rapid and unexpected peak in demand, or when both an interruption to supply and a peak in demand occur simultaneously. The objectives of a stockpile will guide the portfolio breadth and depth to be held. Stockpile objectives are broadly driven either by government requirements to protect public health or by organisations seeking toachieve commercial gain. These drivers are not mutually exclusive as in the case of holding safety stock and Public Service Obligation stock. An Emergency Stockpile is Public Health driven and held in order to supply essential medicines during a signifcant or catastrophic event. Emergency stockpiles can be split into three categories — preparation for imminent event, disease specifc response and general contingency stockpiles. Governments and authorities determine which products and volumes should be held in an emergency stockpile which may be guided by the World Health Organizations (WHO) l ist of essential medicines.

Modelling Sediment Transport in the disastrous Flash Flood of November 2017 in Mandra (Attica, Greece)  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasiliki Sant ◽  
George Mitsopoulos ◽  
Aristides Bloutsos ◽  
Anastasios Stamou
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Catastrophic Event ◽  
Marine Research ◽  
National Network ◽  
The Third ◽  
Debris Transport ◽  
Sediment Transport Equation ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
General Secretariat

<p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The flash flood in Mandra on the 15<sup>th</sup> of November 2017 was the third most disastrous “November” flood in Attica; it was characterized by heavy sediment and debris transport that can be easily observed in Figure 1.</p><p>We applied the Hydrologic Engineering Center's-River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) to model sediment transport using the Ackers-White sediment transport equation that is engraved in HEC-RAS to analyze sediment transport characteristics. The required input data were based on a limited number of available studies, which mainly include a survey performed by the Hellenic Centre for Marine Research in the coastal area of the Elefsis Bay where sediments were deposited after the catastrophic event. We compared the results of the model with calculations performed within a previous Thesis in 2018 using TELEMAC-2D and SISYPHE.</p><p>The present paper is based on the Diploma Thesis of the first author; it was performed within the project “National Network on Climate Change and its Impacts (CLIMPACT)” of the General Secretariat of Research and Technology.</p><p> </p><p><img src="https://contentmanager.copernicus.org/fileStorageProxy.php?f=gepj.5d3d3b91860061319301161/sdaolpUECMynit/12UGE&app=m&a=0&c=bc7fbb3ecf180060dec33436ebc2faea&ct=x&pn=gepj.elif&d=1" alt=""></p><p>Figure 1. The greater area of Mandra (a) before and (b) after the flood event</p>

scholarly journals Routes of Clonal Evolution into Complex Karyotypes in Myelodysplastic Syndrome Patients with 5q Deletion

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 3269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Feurstein ◽  
Kathrin Thomay ◽  
Winfried Hofmann ◽  
Guntram Buesche ◽  
Hans Kreipe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Clonal Evolution ◽  
Suppressor Gene ◽  
Trisomy 8 ◽  
Multicolor Fish ◽  
Catastrophic Event ◽  
Evolution And Development ◽  
Gene Tp53

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) can easily transform into acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a process which is often associated with clonal evolution and development of complex karyotypes. Deletion of 5q (del(5q)) is the most frequent aberration in complex karyotypes. This prompted us to analyze clonal evolution in MDS patients with del(5q). There were 1684 patients with low and intermediate-risk MDS and del(5q) with or without one additional cytogenetic abnormality, who were investigated cytogenetically in our department, involving standard karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and multicolor FISH. We identified 134 patients (8%) with aspects of clonal evolution. There are two main routes of cytogenetic clonal evolution: a stepwise accumulation of cytogenetic events over time and a catastrophic event, which we defined as the occurrence of two or more aberrations present at the same time, leading to a sudden development of highly complex clones. Of the 134 patients, 61% underwent a stepwise accumulation of events whereas 39% displayed a catastrophic event. Patients with isolated del(5q) showed significantly more often a stepwise accumulation of events rather than a catastrophic event. The most frequent aberrations in the group of stepwise accumulation were trisomy 8 and trisomy 21 which were significantly more frequent in this group compared to the catastrophic event group. In the group with catastrophic events, del(7q)/-7 and del(17p)/-17 were the most common aberrations. A loss of 17p, containing the tumor suppressor gene TP53, was found significantly more frequent in this group compared to the group of stepwise accumulation. This leads to the assumption that the loss of TP53 is the driving force in patients with del(5q) who undergo a sudden catastrophic event and evolve into complex karyotypes.

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