scholarly journals The management of peanut allergy

2014 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Anagnostou ◽  
Andrew Clark
Keyword(s):  
Peanut Allergy ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Food Allergens ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Emergency Medication ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Life Threatening

Peanut allergy is common and can be a cause of severe, life-threatening reactions. It is rarely outgrown like other food allergies such as egg and milk. Measures aiming to reduce its prevalence via maternal avoidance during pregnancy and lactation, or delayed introduction into the diet, have failed to show any benefit. Peanut allergy has a significant effect on the quality of life of sufferers and their families due to dietary and social restrictions, but mainly stemming from fear of accidental peanut ingestion. The current management consists of strict avoidance, education and provision of emergency medication. Families find avoidance challenging as peanut is hidden in various food products. Despite the fact that food labelling has improved, with a legal obligation to declare certain food allergens (including nuts) in prepacked products, it still causes confusion and does not extend to cross-contamination. In an effort to address issues of safety at school, a lot of work has been undertaken to better care for peanut-allergic children in that environment. This includes training of school staff on how to recognise and treat allergic reactions promptly. Recent developments in the management of peanut allergy, such as immunotherapy, have shown some promise as an active form of treatment, but larger studies are required to further investigate safety and efficacy.

A Review on Identified Major Food Allergens: Characteristics and Role in Food Allergy

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 346
Author(s):  
Chhavi Arya ◽  
Chetna Jantwal
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Food Allergens ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Consumer Protection Act ◽  
Major Food ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Major Allergens ◽  
Allergen Labeling

Food allergens are the substances present in food that cause food allergy. Human body reactions to food allergens range from mild to severe life threatening anaphylactic shock. At least seventy different foods have been reported to cause allergic reactions and several other foods have been identified which have the potential to provoke allergic reactions. Majority of the identified food allergens are proteins. The Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act (FALCPA) identifies eight major food groups i.e. milk, eggs, fish, crustacean shellfish, tree nuts, peanuts, wheat, and soybeans as major allergy causing foods. These eight foods are believed to account for 90 per cent of food allergies and are responsible for most serious reactions to foods. Several studies have been done which identify the major allergens in various foods. The present paper attempts to review the major allergens present in various food.

scholarly journals Review of statutory and voluntary labelling of food allergens

2005 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Boden ◽  
Ruth Dadswell ◽  
Sue Hattersley
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Food Allergens ◽  
Arachis Hypogea ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Food allergy represents an increasingly important health problem, with prevalence in Western Europe continuing to rise. While some reactions are mild, others can include life-threatening anaphylactic shock. It is estimated that food allergies affect 1–2% of the adult population and ≤8% of children. Relatively few foods are to blame for a large majority of allergic reactions to food in the UK, with most reactions being to milk, eggs, peanuts (Arachis hypogea), nuts, fish, shellfish, soyabean, sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) and wheat. There is currently no cure for food allergy and the few available treatments are focused on relieving the specific symptoms. Consumers with food allergies and food intolerances rely on food labelling to enable them to make informed choices about the foods they eat. Whilst there have recently been important advances in the labelling of food allergens, these advances relate only to requirements for the labelling of the deliberate use of specified food allergens in foods sold pre-packed. In other areas the development of guidance for food manufacturers and retailers on how to assess the risks of possible allergen cross-contamination during food production and manufacture, and then to determine appropriate advisory labelling, is well advanced. Work to address the issue of how to provide appropriate allergen information for foods sold loose, or in catering establishments, is also in progress.

Applications of Array Biosensor for Detection of Food Allergens

2004 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 1498-1502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa C Shriver-Lake ◽  
Chris Rowe Taitt ◽  
Frances S Ligler
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Food Allergens ◽  
Array Biosensor ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Cleaning Procedures ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract Although food is a necessity, compounds within food products can be dangerous and life-threatening for people with food allergies. These allergy-causing compounds, such as proteins from eggs and milk, must be identified on the labels of commercial products. Unintentional contamination of food with these compounds occurs as a result of storage, manufacturing procedures, or cleaning procedures. A sensitive, specific, and rapid method to identify foods containing allergens is required by the food industry. The array biosensor, a rapid detection system, may provide a solution to this need. The array biosensor performs fluorescent immunoassays on the surface of a planar waveguide by first running samples, then fluorescently labeled antibodies, over a surface patterned with capture antibodies. An optical image is captured by a charged-coupled device camera and converted into fluorescence values. Signal intensity and spot location provide information on the compound and its concentration. The array biosensor has been successfully demonstrated for toxin, bacteria, and virus detection at low levels in under 20 min in food, clinical samples, and environmental matrixes. An assay for detection of ovalbumin as an indicator of egg contamination has been developed with limits of detection of 25 pg/mL in buffer and 1.3 ng/mL (13 ng/g) in non-egg pasta extract (buffer:pasta 10:1, v/w).

scholarly journals A study on self-reported food allergy in young adults from various colleges in Kerala, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4290
Author(s):  
Renata Ann Dias ◽  
Jenyz M. Mundodan ◽  
Sruthi M. V.
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Food Allergy ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Food Fish

Background: Food allergy is defined as a reproducible adverse immune reaction to food proteins. Food allergies can result in life threatening reactions and diminish quality of life. In the last several decades, prevalence of food allergy has increased in several regions throughout the world.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 321 young adults of the age 17 to 26 years from various colleges in Kerala. The participants were asked to fill out a pretested questionnaire. The data was collected and entered in MS Excel and analyzed.Results: Adverse reactions following food consumption was experienced by 82 respondents (25.5%). Out of these 82 respondents, 38 (46%) had their condition diagnosed by a doctor. 23 respondents had only one episode of such an attack. 41 respondents took medications for the attack. 14 respondents had been hospitalized at least once for such an attack. The most common symptoms following the consumption of food were as follows: vomiting, itching and eczema. The symptoms occur after the consumption of sea food/fish and eggs mostly. 27 respondents had a family history of food allergy.Conclusions: The symptoms of food allergy may vary from minor itching to even anaphylaxis. It is very important to know the causative allergen in the diet to prevent the occurrence of an episode of food allergy. 

scholarly journals Chronic urticaria through food sensitization. Clinical study

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-370
Author(s):  
A. UNGURIANU ◽  
◽  
Laura Gheucă SOLOVĂSTRU ◽  
Smaranda DIACONESCU ◽  
Georgeta SINIŢCHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Urticaria ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Food Allergens ◽  
The Family ◽  
Food Sensitization ◽  
Very High

Food allergies have become a public health problem, exceeding 3.27-5% of the local population. Knowledge of food allergens is required. Material and methods. Our study comprised 100 patients with chronic urticaria caused by food sensitization, selected from a total of 252 patients with chronic urticaria different causes. Discussions. Chronic urticaria study group had a food issue and awareness (40%); sensitization was caused by foods known as sensitizing: egg, fish, shellfish, strawberries, nuts, seeds, raspberries, strawberries, soy, celery; the land was hereditary and personal allergic to very high percentage (79%); changes in quality of life was found in 80%. Repeated and abusive food consumption with irregular mealtimes is another contributing factor. Conclusions. Chronic urticaria with food sensitization is one of the manifestations of pathology that can be assigned to XXI century diseases. Cooperation between the family doctor, dermatologist, allergist is required.

scholarly journals Coeliac Disease—What is it and How Can People Deal With it?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Osial ◽  
Agnieszka Pregowska
Keyword(s):  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
The Body ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Dietary Choice ◽  
Dietary Choices ◽  
The World ◽  
Life Threatening

In recent years, you have likely heard that some people are eating gluten-free foods. Have you ever wondered why? Coeliac disease is one of the main reasons for this dietary choice. It affects people of all ages from all around the world. It is a genetic disorder that causes inflammation in the intestines and results in various symptoms that can be observed in other parts of the body. Unfortunately, people often ignore coeliac disease or treat it like a simple allergy. Some people may view gluten-free dietary choices as just a trend. Some food allergies can manifest like coeliac disease, but these have different causes. Coeliac disease should be taken seriously, because it may not only lead to life-threatening symptoms, but also have a chronic impact on health and quality of life.

scholarly journals A study to assess current approaches of allergists in European countries diagnosing and managing children and adolescents with peanut allergy

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0241648
Author(s):  
Vibha Sharma ◽  
Jennifer Jobrack ◽  
Wendy Cerenzia ◽  
Stephen Tilles ◽  
Robert Ryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Peanut Allergy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Food Challenge ◽  
Office Visit ◽  
Initial Diagnosis ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Prick Test ◽  
The Uk

Rationale Food allergy is documented to result in considerable morbidity, negative impact on quality of life, and substantial medical care costs. Although anecdotal data suggest widely varying practices in the diagnosis and management of food allergies, the diversity and relative frequency of these practices have not been documented. Methods A questionnaire was developed evaluating allergists’ management approaches of individuals with peanut allergy (PA) in Germany (DE), France (FR), and the United Kingdom (UK). Results Here, we report the survey results from a total of 109 allergists from DE, FR and the UK. They reported to confirm PA at initial diagnosis using skin prick test (≥60%), while allergists from DE and FR reported using allergen-specific IgE testing more (>86%) compared to the UK (<50%). At initial diagnosis, oral food challenge was used less in DE (13%) and FR (14%) and very rarely in the UK (3%) to confirm diagnosis. Recognition of acute reactions, use of adrenaline auto-injectors and allergen avoidance were reported to be discussed with the patient/caregiver at the initial office visit by most allergists (>75%). Half of the responders reported assessing the patient’s quality of life. 63% allergists reported retesting for PA resolution at a later date, with 45% allergists indicated to recommend ingestion of a normal serving of peanut regularly upon resolution. Lack of effective PA treatment was reported to be a ‘very significant’ barrier for optimal PA treatment, with allergists being less than ‘moderately familiar’ with data from clinical trials testing new treatments options for PA. Lastly, allergists stated that the severity of patient’s PA ranked as the most important factor in their decision to recommend oral immunotherapy for PA treatment. Conclusions This survey provides essential insights into the practice of allergists and highlights some areas that would inform strategies for education and improving PA healthcare.

scholarly journals New concepts in C. difficile management

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Y R Mahida
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomembranous Colitis ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Faecal Microbiota ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Life Threatening

Abstract Background Clostridium difficile infection is transmitted via spores, and the disease is mediated via secreted toxins. It represents a significant healthcare problem, and clinical presentation can range from asymptomatic carriage to life-threatening pseudomembranous colitis. Sources of data publications in the field, with a focus on recent developments and concepts. Areas of agreement infection control measures, antibiotic stewardship and current management of the initial episode of C. difficile infection. Areas of controversy selection and sequence of interventions for the management of recurrent C. difficile infection; management of persistent carriers of toxigenic C. difficile in patients at high risk of subsequent C. difficile infection. Growing points use of faecal microbiota transplantation for recurrent C. difficile infection. Areas timely for developing research role of specific microbiota-mediated interventions and vaccination in the treatment and prevention of C. difficile infection.

Psychological influences on wound healing

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 312-314
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Enhanced Recovery ◽  
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery ◽  
Wound Complications ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Psychological Influences ◽  
Fear And Anxiety ◽  
Care Costs

Surgical wound complications remain a major cause of morbidity; although usually not life threatening, they reduce the quality of life. They are also associated with excessive health care costs. Wound healing is affected by many factors – wound characteristics, infection, comorbidities and nutritional status of the patient. In addition, though, psychological stress and depression may decrease the inflammatory response required for bacterial clearance and so delay wound healing, as well. Although the patient´s state of mind can be influenced only to a certain extent, we should nevertheless stick to ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) guidelines and try to diminish fear and anxiety by providing enough information preoperatively, pay due attention to postoperative analgesia and seek to provide an agreeable environment.

Resveratrol: A new potential therapeutic agent for melanoma?

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Hossein Pourhanifeh ◽  
Kazem Abbaszadeh-Goudarzi ◽  
Mohammad Goodarzi ◽  
Sara G.M. Piccirillo ◽  
Alimohammad Shafiee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Apoptosis Inducer ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
First Time

: Melanoma is the most life-threatening and aggressive class of skin malignancies. The incidence of melanoma has steadily increased. Metastatic melanoma is greatly resistant to standard anti-melanomatreatments such as chemotherapy, and 5-year survival rate of cases with melanoma who have metastatic form of disease is less than 10%. The contributing role of apoptosis, angiogenesis and autophagy in the pathophysiology of melanoma has been previously demonstrated. Thus, it is extremely urgent to search for complementary therapeutic approachesthat couldenhance the quality of life of subjects and reduce treatment resistance and adverse effects. Resveratrol, known as a polyphenol component present in grapes and some plants, has anti-cancer properties due to its function as an apoptosis inducer in tumor cells, and anti-angiogenic agent to prevent metastasis. However, more clinical trials should be conducted to prove resveratrol efficacy. : Herein, for first time, we summarize current knowledge of anti-cancerous activities of resveratrol in melanoma.

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