scholarly journals Relationship between estimated cardiovascular disease risk and insulin resistance in a black African population living with HIV: a cross-sectional study from Cameroon

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e016835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Raoul Noumegni ◽  
Jean Joel Bigna ◽  
Vicky Jocelyne Ama Moor epse Nkegoum ◽  
Jobert Richie Nansseu ◽  
Felix K Assah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Black African ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectivesCardiovascular disease (CVD) and metabolic diseases are growing concerns among patients with HIV infection as a consequence of the improving survival of this population. We aimed to assess the relationship between CVD risk and insulin resistance in a group of black African individuals with HIV infection.MethodsThis cross-sectional study involved patients with HIV infection aged 30–74 years and followed up at the Yaoundé Central Hospital, Cameroon. Absolute CVD risk was calculated using the Framingham and the DAD CVD risk equations while the HOMA-IR index was used to assess insulin resistance (index ≥2.1).ResultsA total of 452 patients (361 women; 80%) were screened. The mean age was 44.4 years and most of the respondents were on antiretroviral therapy (88.5%). The median 5-year cardiovascular risk was 0.7% (25th−75th percentiles: 0.2–2.0) and 0.6% (0.3–1.3) according to the Framingham and DAD equations respectively. Of all participants, 47.3% were insulin resistant. The Framingham equation derived absolute CVD risk was significantly associated with insulin resistance; while no linear association was found using the DAD equation.ConclusionThe relationship between cardiovascular risk and insulin resistance in black African patients with HIV infection seems to depend on the cardiovascular risk equation used.

Comparison Between ASCVD Versus WHO Risk Score in Predicting of 10-Year Cardiovascular Risk in an Iranian Adult: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tolou Hasandokht ◽  
Arsalan Salari ◽  
Salman Nikfarjam ◽  
Soheil Soltanipour ◽  
Mani Shalchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality has increased in the Iranian population. Word Health Organization (WHO) risk score was recently used in Iranian prevention and control of non-communicable disease programs for risk assessment. The purpose of the study was to compare the 10-year cardiovascular risk using atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and WHO risk score. In a cross-sectional study, data from patients with cardiac symptoms without any documents related to CVD were collected from the outpatient clinic. The proportion of subjects with high CVD risk according to ASCVD and WHO risk score and also agreement between two scores was presented. The sensitivity and specificity of ASCVD according to the WHO risk score as a national risk assessment tool were calculated. The study included 284 subjects with a mean age of 53.80 (8.78) years and 68 % of women. The frequency of subjects with high CVD risk based on ASCVD and WHO was 35% and 6%, respectively. The agreement between the two scores was moderate (κ=0.45), with the most agreement in identifying low-risk subjects. The sensitivity and specificity of ASCVD according to the WHO risk score was 95.3% and 75.1%, respectively. The present finding showed that Agreement between two risk scores was moderated, especially in stratifying low-risk subjects. But, the ASCVD risk score categorized more people as a high risk rather than the WHO tool. Assessment of the accuracy of the WHO risk score with comparing predicted risk with observed risk in a cohort study for the Iranian population is necessary.

The Relationship Between Recommended and None Recommended Food Scores on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Obese and Overweight Adult Women: A Cross Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Sabbari ◽  
Atieh Mirzababaei ◽  
Farideh Shiraseb ◽  
Khadijeh Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objective: No studies have examined the relationship between recommended food score (RFS), none recommended food score (NRFS) and cardiovascular risk factors. This study was conducted to evaluate the association of RFS and NRFS with cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese women.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 379 overweight and obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) women aged 18-48 years. Anthropometric measurements and body composition analysis were assessed in all participants. Dietary intake was assessed by a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) containing 147 items and RFS and NRFS calculated. Biochemical assessments including TC, HDL, LDL, TG, FBS, insulin, HOMA-IR and hs-CRP were quantified by ELISA.Results: The mean age and BMI of participants were 36.73±9.21 (y) and 31.17±4.22 (kg/m²) respectively. Binary logistic analysis showed that participants in the highest quartile of the RFS compared to the lowest quartile had 82% lower risk for Hypertriglyceridemia [OR=0.18, 95%CI=0.06-0.53, P=0.002] and 91% lower risk for abdominal obesity [OR=0.09, 95%CI=0.008-1.04, P=0.05]. in addition, Participants who were in the highest quartile of the RFS compared to the lowest quartile had lower HOMA-IR [OR=0.29, 95%CI=0.08-1.00, P=0.05]. subjects with high adherence to the NRFS had lower HDL [OR=2.11, 95%CI=1.08-4.12, P=0.02] and higher risk for Hypertriglyceridemia [OR=2.95, 95%CI=1.47-5.94, P=0.002] compared to low adherence. Conclusions: There was an inverse significant association between adherence to RFS and risk of Hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance, and abdominal obesity. There was a significant association between NRFS and Hypertriglyceridemia, and also we found an inverse relationship between NRFS and HDL.

scholarly journals Primary care use and cardiovascular disease risk in Russian 40–69 year olds: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
pp. jech-2019-213549
Author(s):  
Jakob Petersen ◽  
Anna Kontsevaya ◽  
Martin McKee ◽  
Erica Richardson ◽  
Sarah Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
General Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Check ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional

BackgroundThe Russian Federation has very high cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality rates compared with countries of similar economic development. This cross-sectional study compares the characteristics of CVD-free participants with and without recent primary care contact to ascertain their CVD risk and health status.MethodsA total of 2774 participants aged 40–69 years with no self-reported CVD history were selected from a population-based study conducted in Arkhangelsk and Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 2015–2018. A range of co-variates related to socio-demographics, health and health behaviours were included. Recent primary care contact was defined as seeing primary care doctor in the past year or having attended a general health check under the 2013 Dispansarisation programme.ResultsThe proportion with no recent primary care contact was 32.3% (95% CI 29.7% to 35.0%) in males, 16.3% (95% CI 14.6% to 18.2%) in females, and 23.1% (95% CI 21.6% to 24.7%) overall. In gender-specific age-adjusted analyses, no recent contact was also associated with low education, smoking, very good to excellent self-rated health, no chest pain, CVD 10-year SCORE risk 5+%, absence of hypertension control, absence of hypertension awareness and absence of care-intensive conditions. Among those with no contact: 37% current smokers, 34% with 5+% 10-year CVD risk, 32% untreated hypertension, 20% non-anginal chest pain, 18% problem drinkers, 14% uncontrolled hypertension and 9% Grade 1–2 angina. The proportion without general health check attendance was 54.6%.ConclusionPrimary care and community interventions would be required to proactively reach sections of 40–69 year olds currently not in contact with primary care services to reduce their CVD risk through diagnosis, treatment, lifestyle recommendations and active follow-up.

scholarly journals A community based cross sectional study to estimate total cardiovascular risk in rural Punjab

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1295
Author(s):  
Bibhava Vikramaditya ◽  
Mahesh Satija ◽  
Anurag Chaudhary ◽  
Sarit Sharma ◽  
Sangeeta Girdhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are leading cause of non communicable deaths in India. CVD risk prediction charts by World Health Organization/International Society of Hypertension (WHO/ISH) are designed for implementing timely preventive measures. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of CVD risk parameters and to estimate total CVD risk among adults aged ≥40 years, using the WHO/ISH risk charts alone and also to assess the effect of the inclusion of additional criteria on CVD risk.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in fifteen villages of Ludhiana district under rural health training centre of Department of Community Medicine, Dayanand Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab. Desired information was obtained using WHO STEPS survey (STEP wise approach to surveillance) from 324 adults aged ≥40 years. Anthropometric, clinical and laboratory measurements were also performed. WHO/ISH risk prediction chart for South East Asian region (SEAR-D) was used to assess the cardiovascular risk among the subjects.Results: WHO/ISH risk prediction charts identified 16.0% of the subjects with high risk (≥20%) of developing a cardiovascular event. The study population showed higher prevalence of physical inactivity, obesity, abdominal obesity, hypertension and diabetes. Amongst high risk CVD group, maximum prevalence was of hypertension and high perceived stress level. However, the proportion of high CVD risk (≥20%) increased to 33.6% when subjects with blood pressure ≥160/100 mmHg and /or on hypertension medication were added as high risk.Conclusions: A substantial proportion of this community is at high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals MAJOR CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN A YOUNG WORKING POPULATION

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
N. A. Koryagina ◽  
I. N. Ryamzina ◽  
A. I. Shaposhnikova ◽  
E. N. Koltyrina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Working People

Aim. To assess the prevalence of major risk factors (RFs) of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a young working population.Material and methods. This cross-sectional study included 1832 respondents (70% men and 30% women; mean age 29,44±8,6 years). The levels of blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (TCH), and body mass index (BMI), as well as the prevalence of smoking, were assessed.Results. Elevated office BP levels were registered in 10,5%, and isolated ambulatory arterial hypertension (AH) in 10%. Overall, AH prevalence in this young working population was 20%. Elevated BP was registered in 34,2% of individuals with hypercholesterolemia (TCH >5 mmol/l), compared to 18,2% in people with TCH <5 mmol/l (p<0,001).Conclusion. The most prevalent CVD RFs in working people under 40 were obesity and AH.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Adma and Anthropometric, Glucose, Lipid, and Inflammatory Parameters in Obese

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dharma Lindarto ◽  
Brama Ihsan Sazli
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Asymmetric Dimethylarginine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Parameters ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Risk Parameters ◽  
The Relationship

Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxideproduction and involved in various pathological processes, especially processes involvingcardiovascular risk. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation betweenADMA and anthropometric, glucose, lipid, and inflammatory parameters. The study wasanalyzed by a cross-sectional study of 45 obese subjects at H. Adam Malik Hospital. Bloodtests were carried out after 8-10 hours of fasting against cardiovascular risk: anthropometry(body weight, BMI, and WC), glucose (FPS, PPS, HbA1C, Fasting Insulin, and HOMA-IR), lipid (LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, and sd-LDL), and inflammation (ApoB and hs-CRP)parameters. The results showed of the 45 subjects, the average age was 41.69 ± 5.69 yearsold, and the average BMI was 33.09 ± 5.05 (Obesity I). ADMA was also found to becorrelated significantly with FPG, HBA1c, and TG parameters [r=-0.506, p=0.001; r=-0.334, p=0.013, dan r = -0.315. p=0.017, respectively]. In obesity, ADMA correlatedsignificantly with cardiovascular risk parameters: FPG, HbA1C, and TG.

scholarly journals Prevalence and correlates of traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease in a Nigerian ART-naive HIV population: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e019664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Udeme E Ekrikpo ◽  
Effiong E Akpan ◽  
John U Ekott ◽  
Aminu K Bello ◽  
Ikechi G Okpechi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectivesHIV infection environment presents a classic example of the interplay between infectious diseases and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors abound in the HIV population even before initiation of antiretrovirals (ARVs) and predispose them to the development of stroke and myocardial infarction. This work focuses on determining the prevalence of traditional CVD risk factors among ARV-naive HIV individuals in southern Nigeria.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study of ARV-naive patients initiating care at the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital HIV clinic cohort to determine the prevalence and correlates of hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity and dyslipidaemia.ResultsThe sample consisted of 4925 assessed for hypertension, 5223 for obesity, 1818 for DM and 926 for dyslipidaemia. Hypertension prevalence was 26.7% (95% CI 25.5% to 28.0%) with a male preponderance (p=0.02). DM was found in 5.6% (95% CI 4.5% to 6.7%), obesity in 8.3% (95% CI 7.6% to 9.1%) and dyslipidaemia in 29.1% (95% CI 26.1% to 32.1%) with a high prevalence of low high-density lipoprotein-c (42.6%). Hypertension was independently associated with age (OR 1.04 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.05), p<0.001) and body mass index (BMI) (OR 1.06 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.08), p<0.001), obesity with age (OR 1.02 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.03), p<0.001), male gender (OR 0.38 (95% CI 0.29 to 0.49), p<0.001) and CD4 count (OR 2.63 (95% CI 1.96 to 3.53), p<0.001) while dyslipidaemia was associated with BMI (OR 1.05 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.10), p=0.03).ConclusionThe prevalence of traditional CVD risk factors is high in this ART-naive HIV population. An integrated approach of HIV and NCD screening/treatment may be relevant for centres in sub-Saharan Africa.

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