Immersive technology in ophthalmology education: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjstel-2021-000906
Author(s):  
Shakeel Lowe ◽  
Kathryn Mares ◽  
Zarnie Khadjesari
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Conventional Teaching ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Standard Training ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Value Of It ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Immersive Technology

BackgroundDespite the increasing use of immersive technology (IT) in ophthalmology, the effectiveness of this approach compared to other teaching practices is unclear. This systematic review aimed to determine the value of IT to teach students ophthalmic skills and whether it can supplement or replace conventional teaching practices.MethodsA systematic search was performed of CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, ERIC and PsychINFO databases. Randomised controlled trials comparing IT interventions versus (1) no training, (2) standard training, (3) different types of IT interventions, (4) different doses of IT interventions were eligible for inclusion.ResultsSeven trials involving 177 participants were included. IT offered some benefit compared to standard training as most trials demonstrated evidence of learning represented by composite performance score and performance time. Repetitive training with IT displayed similar results.ConclusionIT appears to improve the ophthalmic skill of healthcare trainees and should be considered as a supplement to training.

scholarly journals Data extraction methods for systematic review (semi)automation: A living systematic review

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 401
Author(s):  
Lena Schmidt ◽  
Babatunde K. Olorisade ◽  
Luke A. McGuinness ◽  
James Thomas ◽  
Julian P. T. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Standard Data ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Accuracy Data ◽  
Full Text Screening

Background: The reliable and usable (semi)automation of data extraction can support the field of systematic review by reducing the workload required to gather information about the conduct and results of the included studies. This living systematic review examines published approaches for data extraction from reports of clinical studies. Methods: We systematically and continually search MEDLINE, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), arXiv, and the dblp computer science bibliography databases. Full text screening and data extraction are conducted within an open-source living systematic review application created for the purpose of this review. This iteration of the living review includes publications up to a cut-off date of 22 April 2020. Results: In total, 53 publications are included in this version of our review. Of these, 41 (77%) of the publications addressed extraction of data from abstracts, while 14 (26%) used full texts. A total of 48 (90%) publications developed and evaluated classifiers that used randomised controlled trials as the main target texts. Over 30 entities were extracted, with PICOs (population, intervention, comparator, outcome) being the most frequently extracted. A description of their datasets was provided by 49 publications (94%), but only seven (13%) made the data publicly available. Code was made available by 10 (19%) publications, and five (9%) implemented publicly available tools. Conclusions: This living systematic review presents an overview of (semi)automated data-extraction literature of interest to different types of systematic review. We identified a broad evidence base of publications describing data extraction for interventional reviews and a small number of publications extracting epidemiological or diagnostic accuracy data. The lack of publicly available gold-standard data for evaluation, and lack of application thereof, makes it difficult to draw conclusions on which is the best-performing system for each data extraction target. With this living review we aim to review the literature continually.

scholarly journals A review on performance analysis of data mining methods in IoT

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (73) ◽  
pp. 193-200
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Kumar Dubey ◽  
Dimple Kapoor ◽  
Vijaita Kashyap
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Data Mining ◽  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
System Component ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Communication Capability ◽  
Mining Methods ◽  
And Performance

IoT is capable and helpful in interdisciplinary areas along with the convergence of multiple technologies and platforms. This study adheres the adaptation of data mining technologies along with big data and cloud computing with the IoT system with detailed discussion. This paper supports and provide systematic review and analysis based on the computational parameters and performance analysis. The analysis and discussion are based on the communication capability, system component communication, aspects of data mining, big data and cloud computing in IoT. Different types of transmission and communication barriers have also been discussed and analyze. Finally, based on the study and analysis a framework has been suggested for the smooth functioning of the IoT protocols.

Effect of yoga and meditation on tinnitus: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
D R Gunjawate ◽  
R Ravi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Present Systematic Review ◽  
Appraisal Tool

Abstract Objective The present systematic review aimed to explore the published literature on the application of yoga and meditation for tinnitus. Method A systematic search was carried out to identify the eligible studies exploring the effect of yoga and meditation on tinnitus in PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Library electronic databases. Studies on the application of yoga and meditation on tinnitus were identified following a three-step screening process by both the authors independently. A mixed-methods appraisal tool was used to perform the quality appraisal of the included studies. Results Five studies were shortlisted and included in the present review. Four studies had used different types of yoga and pranayama, while one used relaxation therapy. Three studies concluded that there were positive effects of yoga on tinnitus, such as a reduction in severity, stress, anxiety and irritability associated with tinnitus and improved quality of life. Conclusion This review highlights the application of yoga and meditation in management of tinnitus along with regular otological and audiological treatment options. Furthermore, there is a need to have more randomised controlled trials in this area to evidence the effect of yoga and meditation on tinnitus empirically.

scholarly journals 5-HT3 receptor antagonists for the prevention of perioperative shivering undergoing spinal anaesthesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e038293
Author(s):  
Qi-Hong Shen ◽  
Hui-Fang Li ◽  
Xuyan Zhou ◽  
Yaping Lu ◽  
Xiao-Zong Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Spinal Anaesthesia ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Randomised Controlled

ObjectivePerioperative shivering (POS) is a common complication in patients undergoing spinal anaesthesia. The present study investigated the efficacy of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists in preventing POS following spinal anaesthesia.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesPubmed, Embase, the Web of Science and Cochrane Library were searched from database establishment on 31 July 2019.Eligibility criteriaRandomised controlled trials that reported the effects of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists in the prevention of POS in patients after spinal anaesthesia.Data extraction and synthesisTwo reviewers independently extracted data. The primary outcome of the present study was the incidence of POS. The risk of bias for the included studies was assessed according to the Cochrane Handbook. The quality of primary outcome was evaluated by Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation. Trial sequential analysis for the primary outcome was performed to reduce the type 1 error caused by repeated meta-analysis and the required information size was calculated.ResultsA total of 13 randomised controlled trials consisting of 1139 patients were included. The overall incidence of POS was significantly lower in the 5-HT3 receptor antagonists group (risk ratio 0.31; 95% CI 0.26 to 0.38; p<0.01; I2=0%). Subgroup analysis for different types of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists and timing of administration produced similar results. Also, patients had a lower incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting after administrating 5-HT3 receptor antagonists. No statistically significant differences in drug-related adverse effects were observed. Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation revealed a high level of evidence. The cumulative z-curve crossed the trial sequential monitoring boundary.ConclusionsThe present study revealed that prophylactic 5-HT3 receptor antagonists were an effective measure for reducing the incidence of POS in patients after spinal anaesthesia. However, further studies investigating the different types of surgeries are required.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019148191.

scholarly journals The effect of protein and essential amino acid supplementation on muscle strength and performance in patients with chronic heart failure: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 1785-1801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Nichols ◽  
Gordon McGregor ◽  
Abdallah Al-Mohammad ◽  
Ali N. Ali ◽  
Garry Tew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Abstract Purpose Critically low skeletal muscle mass and strength, observed in 20% of people with chronic heart failure (CHF), reduces functional capacity, quality of life (QoL) and survival. Protein and essential amino acid (EAA) supplementation could be a viable treatment strategy to prevent declines in muscle strength and performance, and subsequently improve QoL and survival. This systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42018103649) aimed to assess the effect of dietary protein and/or EAA supplementation on muscle strength and performance in people with CHF. Methods Searches of PubMed, MEDLINE and Embase identified studies that reported changes in strength or muscle performance following protein and/or EAA supplementation in patients with CHF. Following PRISMA guidelines and using predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria relating to participants, intervention, control, outcome and study design, two reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts and full manuscripts for eligibility. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool (RCTs) or Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (cohort studies). Data were extracted for analysis using predefined criteria. Results Five randomised controlled trials (RCT) and one cohort study met our inclusion criteria. All RCTs had a high risk of bias. The methodological quality of the cohort study was moderate. Heterogeneity of extracted data prevented meta-analyses, qualitative synthesis was therefore performed. Data from 167 patients with CHF suggest that protein and/or EAA supplementation does not improve strength, but may increase six-minute walk test distance, muscle mass and QoL. Conclusions The limited quality of the studies makes firm conclusions difficult, however protein and/or EAA supplementation may improve important outcome measures related to sarcopenia. High-quality randomised controlled studies are needed.

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