scholarly journals Diagnostic accuracies of screening for atrial fibrillation by cardiac nurses versus radiographers

Open Heart ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000942
Author(s):  
Lærke Marius Kvist ◽  
Nicklas Vinter ◽  
Grazina Urbonaviciene ◽  
Jes Sanddal Lindholt ◽  
Axel Cosmus Pyndt Diederichsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Moderate Sensitivity ◽  
Screening Trial ◽  
Very High

AimWe examined the diagnostic accuracy of single-lead ECG as assessed by radiographers and 12-lead ECG as assessed by cardiac nurses for the diagnosis of atrial fibrillation (AF).MethodsBased on the Danish Cardiovascular Screening Trial, we conducted a population-based, cross-sectional study of 1338 randomly selected Danish men aged 65–74 years with no exclusion criteria. The participants were screened with single-lead ECG during a CT scan assessed by radiographers and 12-lead ECG assessed by cardiac nurses. The diagnostic accuracy was evaluated compared with that produced by a 12-lead ECG assessed by two consenting cardiologists.ResultsThe study identified 68 participants with ongoing AF, of whom 60 had self-reported AF and 8 had AF detected in the screening. Single-lead ECG assessed for AF by radiographers had a sensitivity of 60.3% (95% CI 47.7 to 72.0), specificity of 97.2% (95% CI 96.2 to 98.1), positive predictive value (PPV) of 53.9% (95% CI 42.1 to 65.5) and negative predictive value (NPV) of 97.9% (95% CI 96.9 to 98.6). 12-lead ECG assessed by cardiac nurses had a sensitivity of 97.1% (95% CI 89.8 to 99.6), specificity of 100% (95% CI 99.7 to 100), PPV of 100% (95% CI 94.6 to 100) and NPV of 99.8% (95% CI 99.4 to 100).ConclusionsSingle-lead ECG assessed by radiographers had a moderate sensitivity and PPV but a very high specificity and NPV. Using radiographers may be acceptable for opportunistic screening, in particular if radiographers are thoroughly trained. Thus, 12-lead ECG assessed by cardiac nurses is a potential diagnostic method for the detection of AF.

Diagnostic Accuracy of HRCT Chest in Detection of Covid-19 Infection Taking PCR as Gold Standard

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1679-1681
Author(s):  
Afaque Ali ◽  
Majid Shaikh ◽  
Ahsanullah . ◽  
Adeel Ahmed ◽  
Abid Ali Sahito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Head Of Department

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest in detection of covid-19 infection taking PCR as gold standard. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Setting: Radiology department of Tabba Hospital, Karachi. Duration: From March 2019 to September 2020 Material and Methods: All the clinically suspected patients of covid-19, of any age, both genders and those referred to radiology for High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest to detect the covid-19 infection were included. After two days, patients’ PCR reports were collected from the ward, after taking informed consent and permission from head of department. The diagnostic accuracy of HRCT was established with respect to sensitivity, PPV, NPV, and specificity by taking PCR as gold standard. All the information was collected via study proforma. Results: Total 70 patients suspected for COVID-19 were studied, and the patients’ mean age was 58.23±9.52 years. Males were in majority 54(77.1%). As per HRCT findings, COVID-19 infection was positive in 46 patients, however, 48 patients were detected positive for COVID-19 infection as per PCR findings. In the detection of COVID-19 infection, HRCT chest showed sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 90%, PPV of 83%, NPV of 84% and diagnostic accuracy of 94%; by taking PCR as gold standard. Conclusion: High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is a reliable diagnostic approach in promptly detecting the COVID-19; with 91% sensitivity, 90% specificity, 83% positive predictive value, 84% negative predictive value and 94% diagnostic accuracy. Keywords: Accuracy, HRCT, COVID-19

scholarly journals Comparison of Venous and Capillary Sampling in Oral Glucose Testing for the Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Diagnostic Accuracy Cross-Sectional Study Using Accu-Chek Inform II

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1011
Author(s):  
Sofia Nevander ◽  
Eva Landberg ◽  
Marie Blomberg ◽  
Bertil Ekman ◽  
Caroline Lilliecreutz
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Capillary Sampling

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication with negative impacts on mother and child. The primary aim of this study was to examine whether plasma glucose cutoffs for GDM diagnosis based on venous sampling can be replaced by cutoffs based on capillary sampling. A prospective cross-sectional study was performed at an antenatal care clinic including 175 pregnant women undergoing an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Duplicate samples were collected by capillary and venous puncture while fasting and 1 h and 2 h after an OGTT. Both samples were analyzed on Accu-Chek Inform II. The cutoffs for a GDM diagnosis using capillary samples were corrected from 5.1 to 5.3 mmol/L for the fasting sample, from 10.0 to 11.1 mmol/L for the 1 h sample, and from 8.5 to 9.4 mmol/L for the 2-h sample using half of the dataset. Applying these cutoffs to the remaining dataset resulted in a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 85.0%, 95.0%, and 90.3%, respectively, with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 83%, an negative predictive value (NPV) of 96%, and a positive negative likelihood ratio (LHR) of 16.4 using capillary sampling for the GDM diagnosis at fasting and 2-h after. Corrected cutoffs and capillary samples can be used for the diagnosis of GDM with maintained diagnostic accuracy using Accu-Chek Inform II.

scholarly journals ACCURACY OF THE UPPER LIP BITE TEST;

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. 132-138
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD ATIF ◽  
MUHAMMAD ABDULLAH ◽  
MUHAMMAD JAVAD YOUSAF ◽  
Khalid Buland
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Difficult Intubation ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Objective: To compare the accuracy of Upper lip bite test with modified Mallampati classification for predicting the difficultlaryngoscopic intubation. Study Design: Cross sectional Study. Place and duration of study: The study was carried out at Department ofAnaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain management, Combined Military hospital, Rawalpindi from September 2008 to August 2009.Patients and Methods: Four hundred patients undergoing elective surgery meeting the inclusion/exclusion criteria were enrolled afterwritten informed consent. The airways of the patients were evaluated by using the modified Mallampati classification (MMP) and theUpper lip bite test (ULBT). MMP class 3 or 4 and ULBT class 3 were considered as indicators of difficult intubation. The laryngeal view wasgraded by Cormack and Lehane classification (Gold standard). Grade 1 or 2 was considered to represent easy intubation and grade 3 or 4to represent difficult intubation. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy werecalculated for both the tests separately by using the 2×2 table. Results: ULBT had a higher accuracy of 94%, specificity of 99.2% andpositive predictive value 70% compared to MMP accuracy of 82.7%, specificity of 84.4% and positive predictive value of 22.7%.Conclusions: The diagnostic accuracy of the Upper lip bite test was more than the modified Mallampati classification. We suggest that itbe compared with the other prevailing tests as well which are often used to assess difficult intubations.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on prevalence of gastro esophageal reflux disease in regurgitant infant and children with evaluation of IGERQ score

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 395
Author(s):  
Elayaraja Kandasamy ◽  
Senthil Kumar Andy
Keyword(s):  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Esophageal Reflux ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Background: Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is the most common esophageal disorder in children of all ages. GER becomes pathological when reflux increase in frequency and intensity, associated with esophageal and respiratory symptoms. Thus, the study was determined to assess the prevalence of GERD in regurgitant children of age 6 to 24 months with evaluation of IGERQ score (Infant Gastro Esophageal Reflux Questionnaire).Methods: A descriptive study was conducted in Gastroenterology Department, Institute of child Health and Hospital for Children, Egmore, Chennai from September 2007 to September 2009. 123 regurgitant children of age 6-24 months were enrolled. Clinical examination and validated questionnaire with total score of 25 was used. Data analysis was aided by EPI info programme. Chi square with P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. IGERQ score was evaluated by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive valve and negative predictive valve.Results: The prevalence of GERD in regurgitant infant and children is 30.8%. Refusal of feeds and poor weight in regurgitant children significantly correlated with GERD. sensitivity was 84%, specificity was 96%, positive predictive value was 91%, negative predictive value was 93%Conclusions: Clinical diagnosis of GERD is sufficient in most instances and a questionnaire may aid in diagnosis the disease. IGERQ score is easily adaptable. IGERQ score >5 has high specificity positive and negative predictive value but reproducibility in our population need further evaluation. 

scholarly journals The Value of MicroRNA-375 Detection for Triaging Primary Human Papillomavirus Positive Women: A Cross-Sectional Study in a General Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiongyan Wu ◽  
Lingfang Wang ◽  
Xiumin Zhao ◽  
Qifang Tian ◽  
Fenfen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
General Population ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exfoliated Cells ◽  
Lower Specificity ◽  
Mirna Detection

PurposeThis study aims to validate the value of microRNA (miRNA) detection for triaging human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive women in the general population.Patients and MethodsmiR-375 detection in cervical exfoliated cells has been demonstrated to have the superior value to cytology in triaging primary HPV-positive women in the hospital population. In this study, residual samples of cervical exfoliated cells from 10,951 women in a general population were used to detect miRNA. The performance efficiency of miRNA detection in identifying high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) was evaluated. Pearson chi-square test and McNemar pairing test were used to compare miRNA detection and cytology.ResultsIn valid 9,972 women aged 25–65, miR-375 expression showed a downward trend along with an increase in cervical lesion severity. The expression level of miR-375 ≤1.0 × 10-3 was identified as positive. In the HPV-positive and 12 HPV genotypes other than 16/18 (HR12)-positive women, miR-375 detection showed equivalent sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) to that of cytology (≥ASC-US) and higher or similar sensitivity and NPV but lower specificity and PPV than that of cytology (≥ASC-H) in identifying CIN3+ and CIN2+. In HPV 16-positive women, miR-375 positivity had higher sensitivity and NPV but lower specificity and PPV than that of cytology (≥ASC-H and HSIL) in identifying CIN3+ and CIN2+. The immediate CIN3+ risk of miR-375 positivity was 19.8% (61/308) in HPV-positive, 10.8% (22/204) in HR12-positive, and 43.5% (37/85) in HPV16-positive women, respectively.ConclusionThe detection of miR-375 in cervical exfoliated cells may be an optional method for triaging primary HPV-positive women in population-based cervical cancer screening.

Results, barriers and enablers in atrial fibrillation case finding: barriers in opportunistic atrial fibrillation case finding—a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 486-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Ballesta-Ors ◽  
Josep L Clua-Espuny ◽  
Delicia I Gentille-Lorente ◽  
Iñigo Lechuga-Duran ◽  
José Fernández-Saez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ease Of Access

Abstract Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is often asymptomatic, and screening is not routinely undertaken. Objective Evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a population-based case finding program and to identify the enablers of and/or barriers to its implementation. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of a health care case finding program for AF from 1 January 2016, to 31 December 2017, that included 48 336 people ≥60 years of age in the region of Terresde l’Ebre (Catalonia, Spain). We analysed the effect on the prevalence of AF and, stratified by age, on the incidence of new diagnoses of AF. We assessed the sociodemographic and clinical variables related to the realization of a case finding. Results A total of 32 090 (62.4%) people were screened for AF. We observed a significant increase in the AF prevalence after 2 years of program intervention (5.9–7.7%; P &lt; 0.001). The detection of new AF cases was significantly higher in the case finding group across the whole of the age range, and 765 (2.6%) new AF cases were diagnosed using case finding. The factors that were significantly associated with an underuse of case finding were: age &lt;70 years, urban residence, institutionalized status, Pfeiffer score ≥2, Charlson score &gt;3 and number of visits &lt;7/year. Conclusions A health care program of case finding is feasible and is associated with a significant increase in the prevalence and incidence of AF. The results depend on factors such as the ease of access to health care, age, place of residence and comorbidities.

scholarly journals Association and Predictive Value Analysis for Resting Heart Rate and Diabetes Mellitus on Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy in General Population

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi-Hui Tang ◽  
Fangfang Zeng ◽  
Zhongtao Li ◽  
Linuo Zhou
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Value Analysis

Background.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of DM and resting HR on CAN in a large sample derived from a Chinese population.Materials and Methods.We conducted a large-scale, population-based, cross-sectional study to explore the relationships of CAN with DM and resting HR. A total of 387 subjects were diagnosed with CAN in our dataset. The associations of CAN with DM and resting HR were assessed by a multivariate logistic regression (MLR) analysis (using subjects without CAN as a reference group) after controlling for potential confounding factors. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the predictive performance of resting HR and DM.Results.A tendency toward increased CAN prevalence with increasing resting HR was reported (Pfor trend<0.001). MLR analysis showed that DM and resting HR were very significantly and independently associated with CAN (P<0.001for both). Resting HR alone or combined with DM (DM-HR) both strongly predicted CAN (AUC = 0.719, 95% CI 0.690–0.748 for resting HR and AUC = 0.738, 95% CI 0.710–0.766 for DM-HR).Conclusion.Our findings signify that resting HR and DM-HR have a high value in predicting CAN in the general population.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Doppler Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Testicular Carcinoma by Taking Histopathology as Gold Standard

2021 ◽  
pp. 447-451
Author(s):  
Abid Ali Sahito ◽  
. Ahsanullah ◽  
Vicky Kumar ◽  
Mohsim Hussain ◽  
Humaira Ashraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Testicular Carcinoma ◽  
Study Participants

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of testicular carcinoma, by taking histopathology as gold standard. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at Radiology department of Liaquat University of Medical and health Sciences (LUMHS), from November 2017 to October 2019. All the clinically diagnosed cases of testicular carcinoma, those who referred for doppler ultrasound and histopathology of testes, were included. After taking informed consent all the study participants underwent testicular histopathology after doppler ultrasound. All of the information was entered into a research proforma. SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data. Results: Overall, 70 patients of suspected testicular carcinoma were studied. The mean age of the cases was 38.38+4.55 years. Most of the cases 47(67.1%) were poor. As per Doppler ultrasound (U/S) findings out of all 55.7% cases had diagnosed testicular carcinoma, while histopathologically it was observed in 45.7% of the cases. Diagnostic accuracy of Doppler U/S in testicular carcinoma diagnosis was observed to be 77%, followed by sensitivity (SE) 84%, specificity (SP) 71%, positive predictive value (PPV) 78% and negative predictive value (NPV) 84%. Conclusion: Doppler ultrasound observed to be a non-invasive, uncomplicated, lack of pain, effective and easily available diagnostic tool for early diagnosis of testicular carcinoma.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document