Sporulation of Gibberella zeae. III. Carbon and nitrogen nutrition on growth and macroconidium production

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 1335-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Bonn ◽  
R. A. Cappellini
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acid ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Gibberella Zeae ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
The Media

Differences in growth rates and macroconidium production occurred between shake and standing cultures of a non-sporulating strain of Gibberella zeae (Schw.) Petch. Good growth occurred on all carbon sources except lactose, acetate, citrate, and α-ketoglutarate, and on all nitrogen sources except NaNO2. The pH of the media changed during growth, dropping to about 3 with the sugar and rising to about 9 with the organic acid and nitrogen sources. Little or no sporulation was observed in standing cultures. Sugars appeared to inhibit, and tricarboxylic cycle acids, aspartic acid, and phenylalanine stimulated sporulation.

Some nutritional factors regulating formation of sclerotia of Sclerotium rolfsii

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (23) ◽  
pp. 2484-2490 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Zoberi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Acid Media ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Media ◽  
Sclerotium Formation

Growth requirements of Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. were studied. Sclerotia developed on solid media and primordia started forming when the entire surface of the media in the culture plates was covered with mycelia. The optimal temperature for sclerotium formation varied between 20 and 37 °C. A wide range of carbon sources stimulated the formation of sclerotia, glucose clearly being the most effective. Sclerotia failed to form when a carbon source was absent from the medium. Sclerotia developed in the presence of all the nitrogen sources tested; the highest yield was obtained on (NH4)2SO4 and poorest on L-lysine. Experiments on the growth response to different vitamins showed that S. rolfsii produced sclerotia even on the medium lacking vitamins; the best harvest was obtained on the medium containing ascorbic acid. Media lacking potassium, magnesium, calcium, and sodium supported a good growth of mycelium, but sclerotia failed to form in the medium lacking potassium.

scholarly journals Wheat Bran Hydrolysate Culture Medium Design for Talaromyces Purpureogenus CFRM02 Pigment Production and Colour Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujit Das ◽  
Saritha Gopal Pandit ◽  
Mohan Dhale
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Pigment Production ◽  
Xylose Metabolism ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Medium Design ◽  
The Media ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
Cie Lab

Abstract Wheat bran hydrolysate (WBH) in combination with carbon and nitrogen was utilised as substrate for pigment production by Talaromyces purpureogenus CFRM02. Pigment yield was significantly increased (≈ 3 fold: OD units and ≈ 2 fold: a* value) by xylose supplementation with WBH compared to other carbon sources. Whereas 1% xylose supplementation increased pigment production (1.57 ± 0.05 OD Units and 49 ± 1.62 a* value). Pigment yield was low when WBH supplemented with 0.3% nitrogen sources. However significant increase (≈ 2-2.5 fold, OD units and a* value) was observed, when yeast extract (1.2%), nitrate of sodium (1.2%) and potassium (1.6%) were supplemented. Accordingly, 16 WBH media were designed by supplementing carbon and nitrogen. Interestingly the pigment production was significantly increased (1.59 OD units and 32 a* value) in the medium supplemented with 4% carbon and 0.9–1.2% nitrogen. T. purpureogenus CFRM02 was able to co-utilize xylose, fructose and glucose in WBH medium. The CIE Lab values indicated that, pigment characteristics differed significantly among the media. Apparently, T. purpureogenus CFRM02 possess alternative gene(s) or pathway(s) for xylose metabolism and channelled towards pigment biosynthesis. Comparative results revealed that, 1% xylose supplementation to WBH makes the fermentation process economically competitive for pigment production.

Growth Conditions of a Thermophilic Geobacillus sp. as an Enhanced Oil Recovery Material

2012 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
pp. 457-460
Author(s):  
Xiang Ping Kong
Keyword(s):  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Aerobic Bacterium ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

The growth conditions of a Geobacillus sp. were investigated by single-factor experiments. The strain was strictly aerobic bacterium, and could grow on hydrocarbons as the sole carbon source. The optimum carbon and nitrogen sources were 3.0% sucrose and 0.20% KNO3, respectively. The range of temperature, salinity and pH for the bacterial growth was 35-70 °C, 0-10% NaCl and 5.5-9.5, and good growth was obtained at 35-65 °C, 0.5-8% NaCl and 6.0-9.0, respectively. Particularly, the optimum temperature for the bacterial growth was between 50 °C and 60 °C. The strain had wide adaptability to the extreme conditions, and may be potentially applied to microbial enhanced oil recovery and oil-waste bioremediation technology.

scholarly journals β-Fructofuranosidase andβ–D-Fructosyltransferase from NewAspergillus carbonariusPC-4 Strain Isolated from Canned Peach Syrup: Effect of Carbon and Nitrogen Sources on Enzyme Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Carvalho do Nascimento ◽  
Ryhára Dias Batista ◽  
Claudia Cristina Auler do Amaral Santos ◽  
Ezequiel Marcelino da Silva ◽  
Fabrício Coutinho de Paula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Soybean Protein ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Production Values ◽  
Pure Carbon ◽  
Fermentation Parameters

β-fructofuranosidase (invertase) andβ-D-fructosyltransferase (FTase) are enzymes used in industrial processes to hydrolyze sucrose aiming to produce inverted sugar syrup or fructooligosaccharides. In this work, a blackAspergillussp. PC-4 was selected among six filamentous fungi isolated from canned peach syrup which were initially screened for invertase production. Cultivations with pure carbon sources showed that invertase and FTase were produced from glucose and sucrose, but high levels were also obtained from raffinose and inulin. Pineapple crown was the best complex carbon source for invertase (6.71 U/mL after 3 days of cultivation) and FTase production (14.60 U/mL after 5 days of cultivation). Yeast extract and ammonium chloride nitrogen sources provided higher production of invertase (6.80 U/mL and 6.30 U/mL, respectively), whereas ammonium nitrate and soybean protein were the best nitrogen sources for FTase production (24.00 U/mL and 24.90 U/mL, respectively). Fermentation parameters for invertase using yeast extract wereYP/S= 536.85 U/g andPP= 1.49 U/g/h. FTase production showed values ofYP/S= 2,627.93 U/g andPP= 4.4 U/h using soybean protein. The screening for best culture conditions showed an increase of invertase production values by 5.10-fold after 96 h cultivation compared to initial experiments (fungi bioprospection), while FTase production increased by 14.60-fold (44.40 U/mL) after 168 h cultivation.A. carbonariusPC-4 is a new promising strain for invertase and FTase production from low cost carbon sources, whose synthesized enzymes are suitable for the production of inverted sugar, fructose syrups, and fructooligosaccharides.

scholarly journals Growth responses of aquatic hyphomycetes to different sources of carbon and nitrogen

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saraswati Bisht
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Aquatic Hyphomycetes ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Different Sources

Assessment of different sources of carbon and nitrogen in terms of dry weight biomass of four selected aquatic hyphomycetes viz; Flagellospora penicilloides Ingold, Pestalotiopsis submersus Sati and Tiwari, Tetrachaetum elegans Ingold and Tetracladium marchalianum De Wildeman was made for their nutritional requirements. Eight carbon sources and ten nitrogen sources were singly added to the basal media in order to provide 4g of carbon and 1g of nitrogen per litre of distilled water. Among carbon compounds glucose and sucrose were found to be most suitable sources of carbon for all the four fungal isolates, where as fructose proved good for T. marchalianum, P. submersus and F.penicilloides fairly. Cellulose was found a poor source of carbon for the growth of all these isolates. The inorganic sources of nitrogen were found as good nitrogen sources with preference for ammonium ions. Suitability of amino acids was found variable from species to species for nitrogen. T.elegans and T.marchalianum had their maximum growth in asparagines, whereas, P. submersus had their highest growth in proline. Cysteine was observed as a good source of nitrogen for almost all the fungal isolates used. Anova calculated for these observed data showed significant variations in the dry weight production of different fungal species grown in different sources of carbon and nitrogen(P<0.01).

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF MEDIUM COMPONENTS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ECTOINE BY A HALOPHILIC BACTERIUM ISOLATED FROM CAN GIO MANGROVE

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Doan Van Thuoc ◽  
Tran Thi Hien
Keyword(s):  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Producer Strain ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Medium Components ◽  
Growth Optimum ◽  
Fed Batch Fermentation ◽  
Can Gio Mangrove

The effect of different carbon and nitrogen sources on growth of producer strain was investigated. Sucrose and glucose were found to be suitable carbon sources, and monosodium glutamate was favorable nitrogen source for bacterial cell growth. Optimum salt concentrations for bacterial growth was ranged from 4 to 6%, whereas, NaCl concentrations from 12 to 15% found to be good for ectoine accumulation. Two-step fed-batch fermentation was then designed, biomass and ectoine content were significant increased, maximum CDW of 25 g/l and ectoine content of 10.3% were obtained. 

scholarly journals Characterization of a rare species of Neurospora isolated from a river water sample in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 685-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Yang ◽  
Siliang Huang ◽  
Yubian Zhang ◽  
Xiaoqiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Sample ◽  
River Water ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
River Water Sample

A fungal isolate (ZZS4408) was obtained from a river water sample in Henan, China, and identified as a member of Neurospora brevispora, a rare species of Neurospora based on its morphological characteristics and ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (rDNA-ITS) sequence. The temperatures suitable for growth of the isolate were 28-37?C with 31?C as the optimum. The growth rates of hyphal tips were 19.1-42.5 (av. 31.9) ?m min-1 at 32?C. The pH suitable for vegetative growth ranged from 5 to 7, with pH 5.5 as the optimum. The heterodisaccharides (sucrose and lactose) and D-alanine were found to be most favorable for vegetative growth of the isolate, as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The vegetative growth of the isolate was more significantly influenced by nitrogen sources compared to carbon sources. N. brevispora could be considered a desirable fungal species for morphodifferentiation studies due to its rapid growth rates under favorable conditions.

scholarly journals Biodegradation of Atrazine by Agrobacterium radiobacter J14a and Use of This Strain in Bioremediation of Contaminated Soil

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 3368-3375 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Struthers ◽  
K. Jayachandran ◽  
T. B. Moorman
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Agrobacterium Radiobacter ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Herbicide Atrazine ◽  
Lag Times ◽  
Chemical Distribution ◽  
Atrazine Degradation

ABSTRACT We examined the ability of a soil bacterium, Agrobacterium radiobacter J14a, to degrade the herbicide atrazine under a variety of cultural conditions, and we used this bacterium to increase the biodegradation of atrazine in soils from agricultural chemical distribution sites. J14a cells grown in nitrogen-free medium with citrate and sucrose as carbon sources mineralized 94% of 50 μg of [14C-U-ring]atrazine ml−1 in 72 h with a concurrent increase in the population size from 7.9 × 105 to 5.0 × 107 cells ml−1. Under these conditions cells mineralized the [ethyl-14C]atrazine and incorporated approximately 30% of the 14C into the J14a biomass. Cells grown in medium without additional carbon and nitrogen sources degraded atrazine, but the cell numbers did not increase. Metabolites produced by J14a during atrazine degradation include hydroxyatrazine, deethylatrazine, and deethyl-hydroxyatrazine. The addition of 105 J14a cells g−1 into soil with a low indigenous population of atrazine degraders treated with 50 and 200 μg of atrazine g−1soil resulted in two to five times higher mineralization than in the noninoculated soil. Sucrose addition did not result in significantly faster mineralization rates or shorten degradation lag times. However, J14a introduction (105 cells g−1) into another soil with a larger indigenous atrazine-mineralizing population reduced the atrazine degradation lag times below those in noninoculated treatments but did not generally increase total atrazine mineralization.

scholarly journals Effects of carbon and nitrogen sources on production of proteases by Bacillus subtilis IC-5

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-292
Author(s):  
Sereen Gul ◽  
Mujeeb Ur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Ajmal ◽  
Abdul Kabir Khan Achakzai ◽  
Asim Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Sodium Nitrate ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Neutral Protease ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen Source ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

The effects of various carbon and nitrogen sources were evaluated on production of proteases by Bacillus subtilis IC-5. Both type and concentration of carbon and nitrogen sources influenced the production of proteases. Among the carbon sources glucose was found to be the most effective. It gave maximum production at 2% w/v concentration i.e., 1875 and 950 U/ml, alkaline and neutral protease, respectively. The response of Bacillus subtilis IC-5 towards synthesis and excretion of enzymes varied with the type of nitrogen sources. The addition of organic nitrogen sources to basal medium repressed the synthesis of proteases while the addition of inorganic nitrogen source such as sodium nitrate was found to be the best stimulating for alkaline and neutral protease synthesis. Sodium nitrate enhanced the production up to 62.40 and 10.52% of alkaline and neutral protease, respectively against w.r.t. control.

scholarly journals Nutritional Requirements for the Improvement of Growth and Sporulation of Several Strains ofMonascus purpureuson Solid State Cultivation

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Ajdari ◽  
Afshin Ebrahimpour ◽  
Musaalbakri Abdul Manan ◽  
Muhajir Hamid ◽  
Rosfarizan Mohamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Medium Optimization ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
The Media ◽  
Sporulation Rate

This paper describes the nutritional requirements for the improvement of growth and sporulation of several strains ofMonascus purpureuson solid state cultivation. The findings revealed that glucose enhanced growth of allM. purpureusstrains tested but inhibited the sporulation rate. On the other hand, sucrose induced sporulation but inhibited production of cell mass. A combination of glucose and sucrose greatly enhanced sporulation and cell mass production ofM. purpureus. Although growth and sporulation rate were related to the ratio of carbon to nitrogen (C/N ratio), the types and concentrations of carbon and nitrogen sources also greatly influenced the growth kinetics. Among the media tested, Hiroi-PDA medium was the most preferred medium for allM. purpureusstrains tested for the enhancement of radial growth rate, sporulation, and cell production. Hence, Hiroi-PDA could be suggested as the generic basal medium for the cultivation ofM. purpureus. However, individual medium optimization is required for significant enhancement in growth and sporulation of each strain ofM. purpureus.

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