Effects of dehydration and rehydration on the polar lipid and fatty acid composition of Ramonda species

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branka Stevanovic ◽  
Pham Thi Anh Thu ◽  
Fernando Monteiro de Paula ◽  
Jorge Vieira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Tolerant Plants ◽  
Habitat Analysis ◽  
Oleic And Linoleic Acids

Endemic Balkan species Ramonda serbica and Ramonda nathaliae (Gesneriaceae) are rare resurrection flowering plants, known to withstand repeated cycles of desiccation–rehydration in their natural habitat. Analysis of their leaf lipids and fatty acids revealed a rather small amount of total lipids (15.8 mg/g dry weight in R. serbica and 19.5 in R. nathaliae) and galactolipids, particularly the monogalactosyl-diacylglycerol, considerably poorer in linolenic acid in comparison to other flowering plants (55% for R. nathaliae and 64% for R. serbica). Severe desiccation leads to a drastic loss in total lipids (76% in R. serbica and 71.5% in R. nathaliae), especially in monogalactosyl-diacylglycerol, but the recovery is extremely rapid and thorough upon the rewetting. A shift towards the more saturated oleic and linoleic acids in galactolipids occurs at a different time and to a different degree in the two species, and it is not evenly repaired. Ramonda serbica, known to be somewhat less resistant, shows a wider range of lipid changes. Key words: lipid, fatty acids, desiccation-tolerant plants, Ramonda serbica, Ramonda nathaliae.

scholarly journals Effect of gamma irradiation on fatty acid composition of total lipids in rabbit skin

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-36
Author(s):  
S. Kostyuk ◽  
A. Busenko
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Rabbit Skin

It is found that gamma radiation leads to a significant decrease in the skin of rabbits content of these fatty acids, as meristinіс, pantadekanovaya, palmitic, palmitoleic, linoleic, arachidonic, and at the end issledvany, ie 76 Tide day, the concentration of fatty acids increased, and meristinіс palmitoleic and close to the physiological norm.

Some rape/canola seed oils: fatty acid composition and tocopherols

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertrand Matthaus ◽  
Mehmet Musa Özcan ◽  
Fahad Al Juhaimi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Canola Seed ◽  
Canola Oils

Abstract Seed samples of some rape and canola cultivars were analysed for oil content, fatty acid and tocopherol profiles. Gas liquid chromotography and high performance liquid chromotography were used for fatty acid and tocopherol analysis, respectively. The oil contents of rape and canola seeds varied between 30.6% and 48.3% of the dry weight (p<0.05). The oil contents of rapeseeds were found to be high compared with canola seed oils. The main fatty acids in the oils are oleic (56.80–64.92%), linoleic (17.11–20.92%) and palmitic (4.18–5.01%) acids. A few types of tocopherols were found in rape and canola oils in various amounts: α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol, β-tocopherol and α-tocotrienol. The major tocopherol in the seed oils of rape and canola cultivars were α-tocopherol (13.22–40.01%) and γ-tocopherol (33.64–51.53%) accompanied by α-T3 (0.0–1.34%) and δ-tocopherol (0.25–1.86%) (p<0.05). As a result, the present study shows that oil, fatty acid and tocopherol contents differ significantly among the cultivars.

The fatty acid composition of Blastocladiella emersonii

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 1161-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Sumner
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Neutral And Polar Lipids ◽  
Blastocladiella Emersonii ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

The fatty acid compositions of the total, neutral, and polar lipids of Blastocladiella emersonii have been determined. Major fatty acids were palmitic, oleic, linoleic, γ-linolenic, and arachidonic acid. Polar lipid contained a higher proportion of linoleic, γ-linolenic, and arachidonic acid than did neutral or total lipids, whilst neutral lipid had a high proportion of palmitic and oleic acid. In addition to γ-linolenic acid, α-linolenic acid was also present; this is the first occasion that both isomers have been demonstrated in the same fungus, and the phylogenetic possibilities of this finding are discussed.

FATTY ACIDS OF FILBERT OIL AND NASTURTIUM SEED OIL

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 1131-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary J. Chisholm ◽  
C. Y. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Eicosenoic Acid ◽  
Kernel Oil ◽  
Low Temperature Crystallization ◽  
Oleic And Linoleic Acids ◽  
Temperature Crystallization

The fatty acids of a sample of filbert kernel oil (Corylusavellana L.) were examined by means of ester distillation and low-temperature crystallization. Stearic, oleic, and linoleic acids were identified but eicosenoic acid was not found although earlier workers had reported its presence in considerable amount in samples from the same species. Nasturtium seed oil (Tropaeolummajus L. var.), examined in the same way, was found to contain about 20% of 11-eicosenoic acid. An estimate is given of the fatty acid composition of the two oils.

scholarly journals The kinetics of nutrient incorporation into body tissues of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) females and the subsequent effects on egg composition and egg quality

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moti Harel ◽  
Amos Tandler ◽  
George W. Kissil ◽  
Shalom W. Applebaum
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Egg Viability ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Egg Composition

The interaction between essential dietary components and changes in tissue nutrient reserves, egg quality and egg composition, were studied from 60 d before and during the spawning of Sparus aurata broodstock. Fish were given isonitrogenous (550 g/kg dry weight) and isolipidic (100 g/kg dry weight) diets, based on protein and lipid extracts of squid meal. Diets differed in the levels of n−6 (10–30 mg/g dry weight) and n−3 (0–10 mg/g dry weight) essential fatty acids. The effects of these diets on biochemical and fatty acid composition of body tissues, and the subsequent effects on egg composition and egg viability were measured. Dietary essential fatty acids were mostly incorporated into the liver, ovaries, digestive tract and associated adipose tissues. The lipid composition of these tissues reached an equilibrium with dietary lipid composition within 15 d of feeding on any given diet. Muscle and gill cartilage tissues did not show any significant changes in their biochemical and fatty acid composition, even after 60 d feeding. Egg viability decreased significantly within 10 d of feeding the broodstock with a diet deficient in n−3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n−3 HUFA). The levels of n−3 HUFA in both polar and neutral fractions of egg lipid were directly correlated with their levels in the broodstock diet. When the total amount of egg n−3 HUFA dropped below 17 mg/g dry weight, egg viability and larvae hatching rate decreased by 53% and 47 % respectively. These results suggest that the biochemical composition of organs involved in S. aurata reproduction are highly sensitive to the nutritional value of the diet, which affects egg and larval quality rapidly.

Analysis of Peanuts and Peanut Products for Total Lipids, Fatty Acids and Proximates

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Sheppard ◽  
T. S. Rudolf
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Oleic And Linoleic Acids

Abstract The four major peanut types and several peanut products were analyzed for total lipids, fatty acid content, fat, ash and protein. Runner and Virginia types contained similar amounts of oleic and linoleic acids that were significantly different from those found in Valencia and Spanish types of peanuts. Characterization of the peanut types into groups by fatty acid profiles was more definitive than by sterol profiles. No significant differences in fat, ash or protein content were found between the various peanut types. Peanut products did not always exhibit the same fatty acid and sterol profiles as peanuts.

scholarly journals Time-course effects of protein malnutrition on hepatic fatty acids Δ6 and Δ5 desaturation in the growing rat

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Narce ◽  
Jean-Pierre Poisson ◽  
Jacques Belleville ◽  
Bernard Chanussot
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Δ5 Desaturase

1. In growing rats, the time-course effects of giving a normal-protein diet (200 g casein/kg; NP) for 52 d, a low-protein diet (20 g casein/kg; LP) for 52 d and a LP diet for 26 d followed by balanced refeeding (200 g casein/kg; BR) for 26 d, on the fatty acid composition of liver total lipids and microsomal phospholipids were investigated together with Δ6- and Δ5-microsomal desaturase activities.2. The oleic acid content (mg/g tissue) of liver total lipids increased progressively with the LP diet, while linoleic acid was increased only at days 7 and 52. 20:3ω6, 20:4ω6, 22:5ω6 and 22:6ω3 fatty acids decreased during the period on the LP diet. BR for 7 d was sufficient to restore the fatty acid composition of total lipids to control values. Changes in the fatty acid composition of liver microsomal L-α-phosphatidylcholines were observed only after 52 d on the LP diet; the proportions (% w/w total fatty acids) of 18:0, 20:3ω6 and 20:4ω6 fatty acids decreased while oleic acid increased. The fatty acid composition of L-α-phosphatidylethanolamines was less affected.3. Δ6- and Δ5-desaturase activities decreased to 20–30% of their original values after 2 d on the LP diet; a smaller deficit prevailed after 14 d but disappeared after 25 d, to appear again after 52 d. As early as day 2 of BR, desaturase activities were greatly recovered and returned to control values at day 13.4. The present work shows that modifications in microsomal Δ6- and Δ5-desaturase activities are not strictly paralleled by the changes in the composition of fatty acids of liver total lipids and microsomal phospholipids.

Fatty Acid Composition of Turkey Meat Sucuk (Soudjuck), Salami, and Sausages

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Semih Otles ◽  
Ozlem Cagindi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Turkey Meat ◽  
Oleic And Linoleic Acids

In this paper, the fatty acid composition of turkey meat sucuk (soudjuck), salami, and sausages were determined and compared with each other. The fatty acids methyl esters of each product were identified by capillary gas chromatography. Most of the fatty acids in sucuk (soudjuck) samples were monosaturated; however in salami and sausages samples most of were mono and di-unsaturated. Saturated fatty acids in sucuk (soudjuck) samples followed, having the palmitic and stearic acids as their major components and had a range of 229.7-385.2 g kg-1 and 87.6-215.9 g kg-1. In salami and sausages samples, unsaturated fatty acids, the oleic and linoleic acids were the major components and had a range of 170.0-542.0 g kg-1 and 151.5-353.0 g kg-1. PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acids) were found for sausages in the highest amount with linoleic acids concentration. Turkey meat salami and sausages presented a higher content of unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids than turkey meat sucuk (soudjuck).

Studies on the properties of New Zealand butterfat: VIII. The fatty acid composition of the milk fat of cows grazing on ryegrass at two stages of maturity and the composition of the ryegrass lipids

1963 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Hawke
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Palmitic Acids

SummaryThe lipid content of short rotation ryegrass at two stages of growth was followed at weekly intervals for several months in two spring-early summer seasons. Short succulent ryegrass consisting entirely of leaf tissue contained more lipid (mean, 8·1% of the dry weight) than mature ryegrass which contained appreciable stalk (mean, 5·1% of the dry weight). The lipid from the new growth contained fatty acids with appreciably higher proportions of linolenic acid, which was balanced mainly by lower proportions of linoleic and palmitic acids.When monozygotic twin milking cows were grazed on the short rotation ryegrass grown to two stages of maturity, it was found that the fatty acid composition of the milk fat from the two groups was different. The milk fat of cows grazed on the new growth contained higher proportions of oleic acid and other C18acids, whilst the proportions of myristic and palmitic acids were lower. The total proportions of the short-chain fatty acids were not greatly different, although in the group on new growth butyric acid was present in higher proportions and hexanoic and octanoic acids in lower proportions. The higher unsaturation of the fatty acids in the milk fat of this group of cows may be related to the higher levels of unsaturated fatty acids in the young ryegrass diet and to the extent to which these unsaturated fatty acids are hydrogenated in the rumen.

The fatty acid composition of some Sphagnum species

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristiina Koskimies ◽  
Liisa Kaarina Simola
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Lipid Fractions ◽  
Sphagnum Fimbriatum

The fatty acid composition of total lipids was studied in gametophytes of Sphagnum fimbriatum, S. majus, S. magellanicum and S. nemoreum cultivated aseptically at a constant temperature of 25 °C. It was found to be very similar in these four bog mosses, and also fairly similar to that of other bryophytes. The lipid content of these species was about 6% of the weight of the freeze-dried plant material. The fatty acid composition of different lipid fractions (neutral, glyco-, and phospholipids) was studied in S. fimbriatum and S. majus. Eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5) is abundant (~ 40%) in the triglycerides, and arachidonic acid (20:4) (30%) in the steryl and methyl ester fraction. Linolenic acid (18:3) formed about 60% of the fatty acids in the mono- and digalactosyl diglycerides. This fatty acid occurs only in low concentrations (~ 10%) in the triglycerides. Palmitic (16:0) and linoleic (18:2) acids are the most important fatty acids of the phospholipids.

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