An economic analysis of resting versus nonresting perennial pastures during the critical acclimation period

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-375
Author(s):  
Stefanie Fryza ◽  
Jared G. Carlberg ◽  
Mohammad Khakbazan ◽  
Clayton D. Robins ◽  
Hushton C. Block ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Acclimation Period ◽  
Bromus Riparius ◽  
Grazing Systems ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Economic evaluations were carried out on stochastically simulated production systems using data from a grazing systems’ trial, which evaluated the impact of resting (i.e., grazing cessation) alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) – bromegrass (Bromus riparius Rehm. ‘Fleet’) and grass-only (G) pastures during the critical prefrost period on beef cattle (Bos taurus) productivity. Grazing systems were compared on the basis of calculated net present value of returns analysis. Lower production costs through reduced fertilization requirements resulted in alfalfa–grass (AG) preference over G pastures, while returns from increased calf sale weights resulted in nonrested systems being preferred over rested systems. However, low presence of alfalfa in the AG pastures likely limited the potential for resting pastures to improve production through increased alfalfa persistence. This evaluation found nonrested grazing of AG pastures to be preferred over other treatments on the basis of increased returns and reduced risk.

scholarly journals The cost disadvantage of steep slope viticulture and strategies for its preservation

OENO One ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-68
Author(s):  
Larissa Strub ◽  
Simone Mueller Loose
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Steep Slope ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Pricing Policy ◽  
Fixed And Random Effects ◽  
Option Strategies ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Steep Slopes ◽  
The Impact

The falling fallow of steep slope vineyards is caused by cost disadvantages that have not been analysed so far. This study quantified the production costs of different types of steep slopes, identified cost drivers within viticultural processes and assessed the impact of grape yield on the production cost for vertical shoot positioning (VSP) systems. It also examined under what conditions the reshaping of steep slope vineyards into transversal terraces (TTs) is economically viable. Costs were derived from a dataset of 2321 working time records for labour and machine hours from five German wine estates over three years. The costs for standard viticultural processes were compared across five site types with different mechanisation intensities by univariate analysis of variance with fixed and random effects. The net present value (NPV) of reshaping slopes into horizontal terraces was also assessed. Manual management of steep slopes was determined to be 2.6 times more costly than standard flat terrain viticulture. The cost disadvantage of steep slopes mainly stems from viticultural processes with limited mechanisability that require specialised equipment and many repetitions. Current subsidies fall short of covering the economic disadvantage of manual and rope-assisted steep slopes. Climate change-related drought and yield losses further increase the economic unsustainability of steep slopes. Under certain conditions, the transformation of manual steep slope sites into TTs can be a viable economic option. Strategies to reduce the cost disadvantage are outlined. The estimated cost benchmarks provide critical input for steep slope wine growers’ cost-based pricing policy. These benchmarks also give agricultural policy reliable indicators of the subsidies required for preserving steep slope landscapes and of the support needed to transform manual steep slope sites into TTs.

scholarly journals Carbon Footprint and Related Production Costs of Pot-in-Pot System Components for Red Maple Using Life Cycle Assessment

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewayne L. Ingram ◽  
Charles R. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Acer Rubrum ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Red Maple ◽  
Bare Root ◽  
The Impact

Component input materials and activities of a model pot-in-pot (PIP) production system were analyzed using life cycle assessment methods. The impact of each component on global warming potential (GWP; kilograms of CO2-equivalent), or carbon footprint, and variable production costs was determined for a 5 cm caliper Acer rubrum L. ‘October Glory’ in a #25 container. Total greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) of inputs and processes at the nursery gate for a defined model system were 15.317 kg CO2e. Carbon sequestration weighted over a 100-year assessment period was estimated to be 4.575 kg CO2, yielding a nursery gate GWP of 10.742 kg CO2e. The major contridbutors to the GWP at the nursery gate were the substrate, production container, the 1.8 m (6 ft), branched, bare root liner, PIP system installation, and fertilization while the liner and production container also contributed significantly to the variable costs. Input materials and labor constituted about 76 and 21% of variable costs, respectively. Unlike field production systems, equipment use in PIP production accounted for only 13% of GHG emissions and 2% of variable costs.

scholarly journals An Analysis of the Impact of a Ban of Methyl Bromide on the U.S. Winter Fresh Vegetable Market

1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Deepak ◽  
Thomas H. Spreen ◽  
John J. VanSickle
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Bromide ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Demand Functions ◽  
Fresh Vegetable ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

AbstractThis study evaluates the economic impact of a ban on methyl bromide on the U.S. winter fresh vegetable market for six major crops: tomatoes, green peppers, cucumbers, squash, eggplant, and watermelons. Florida is the primary domestic supplier of these products. Mexico and Texas are the competing suppliers of the five vegetable crops and peppers, respectively. Leontief technologies represent both monocrop and double-crop production systems; linear inverse demand functions represent four demand regions in the U.S. and Canada. By increasing production costs and reducing yields, a ban on methyl bromide decreases Florida's FOB revenues by 54% and increases those of Mexico by 65%. Price increases to U.S. fresh vegetable consumers range from near zero to over 10%, depending upon the commodity and location.

scholarly journals Indoor Gardening with Hydroponics: A Reddit Community Analysis to Identify Knowledge Gaps

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-355
Author(s):  
Elisa Solis-Toapanta ◽  
Andrei Kirilenko ◽  
Celina Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Community Analysis ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Response Accuracy ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Social media platforms such as Reddit, centered on user-generated, anonymous discussions, can facilitate the exchange of information and resources across niche online communities known as “subreddits.” Using data mining tools and content analysis methods, our objectives were to identify recurring questions and characterize comment (“response”) accuracy from four subreddits focused on hydroponic indoor gardening (r/hydro, r/Hydroponics, r/UrbanFarming, and r/Aerogarden). A total of 1617 original posts (OPs) were classified into one of ten topics and 4891 primary responses were analyzed for accuracy. The three topics with the most OPs (production systems, plant lighting, and root-zone environment), which accounted for 50% of the total OPs, were subcategorized and inductively analyzed. Most posts in the analyzed subreddits related to confusion regarding the design and implementation of appropriate hydroponic production systems. In addition, misinformation about plant lighting is a major part of discussions about growing plants indoors. There are also knowledge gaps regarding nutrient solution management, particularly about fertilizer formulation, pH balance, and on the impact that solution temperature has on plant growth and development. In general, there were no differences among response accuracy for all topics included in our analysis. However, regardless of topic, responses for most OPs had less than 50% accuracy, which demonstrates that misinformation can be disseminated in social media platforms such as Reddit. As suggested by the results of this study, targeted, open access research and outreach efforts offer an opportunity to address knowledge gaps among consumers interested in indoor gardening.

scholarly journals Assessment of the role and significance of the cost formation process in the activities of organizations

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (Extra-C) ◽  
pp. 314-319
Author(s):  
Dmitry A. Gura ◽  
Aleksandr N. Sekisov ◽  
Oksana A. Kuznetsova ◽  
Victoria I. Kalombo Mulamba ◽  
Evgeniya S. Tishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Effective Mechanism ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The article presents a comparative analysis of various approaches to the formation of production costs. The study estimates the role of costs in the production and economic activities of companies in a market environment. At the same time, the assessment considered the impact of the problem of limited resources on the activities of production systems, which is possible to solve only with the active use of alternative ways in organizing the functioning of the cost-effective mechanism of enterprises.    

scholarly journals ECONOMIC DETERMINISTIC ANALYSIS OF TWO YEARS OLD STEERS PRODUCTION SYSTEMS

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mozer Manetti de Ávila ◽  
Paulo Santana Pacheco ◽  
Leonir Luiz Pascoal
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Investment Project ◽  
Planning Horizon ◽  
Return Rate ◽  
Financial Return ◽  
Deterministic Analysis ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Cost Center ◽  
Using Data

Abstract The objective of this study was to realize the economic deterministic analysis of steers production system in full cycle, finished in feedlot or cultivated pasture at twenty-four months old, utilizing or not the quality bonus from slaughterhouses. The study was realized using data from meta-analytic survey of studies in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, in Microsoft Excel® spreadsheets. The systems were simulated considering the male and female calves weaned early, at the tree months of age, and finished at the 24 months of age in feedlot or cultivated pasture. After the slaughter, it was realized the economic deterministic analysis. According to financial return indicators net present value (NPV), benefit:cost index (IB:C) and additional return on investment (ROI) only the system in pasture show return at the end of planning horizon, and the internal return rate (IRR), modified internal return rate (MIRR) and discounted payback (PBd), show that this system possesses a higher risk of investment. The feedlot system show negative results as a investment project. The bigger cost center was depreciation, feeding supply and taxes, and the quality bonus shows up an interesting alternative of return, but was not sufficient to render the feedlot system a viable project.

scholarly journals The Economy of Puberty and Early Pregnancy Diagnosis in Nellore and Nellore X Angus Females

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Frederich Diaz-Rodriguez ◽  
Oscar Alejandro Ojeda-Rojas ◽  
Guilherme Pugliesi ◽  
Marcos Vinícius Ferraz Junior ◽  
Mario Binelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasound ◽  
Economic Indicator ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Pregnancy Diagnosis

Cash flows were developed to verify, over a 15-year period, the effect of anticipating puberty (using feedlot and nutritional supplementation) and pregnancy diagnosis (using conventional transrectal ultrasound or color Doppler) on the net present value (NPV) of farms dedicated to producing Nellore (Bos taurus indicus) or Nellore x Angus (Bos taurus taurus) crossbred calves. In addition, in order to determine the effect of input prices on the viability of the enterprise, an economic analysis was carried out with the historical prices paid and received by Brazilian farmers over a 10-year period. Multiple regression was the statistical technique used to construct models that adequately described the relationships between the various independent variables (genetic group, nutritional strategy, pregnancy diagnosis technique, and relative market prices) and the dependent variable, which was represented by the NPV economic indicator. The fact that Nellore x Angus females reached puberty earlier than Nellore females favored the number of weaned calves and therefore, the NPV of the enterprise. Conducting pregnancy diagnosis earlier increased the project’s NPV by R$ 2.7 million (≈ US$ 0.77 million). Although feedlot and supplementation represent 65% of production costs, obtaining reasonable growth rates by providing animals with proper feeding improved the NPV significantly. Finally, after analyzing the effect of historical prices of the main inputs in the system, we concluded that the cost of inputs affects the performance of the enterprise the most.

scholarly journals Attitudes of Serbian producers and consumers of table eggs on the ban on conventional batteries and the transition to enriched cages and alternative production systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-476
Author(s):  
Natasa Tolimir ◽  
Marijana Maslovaric ◽  
Zdenka Skrbic ◽  
Milos Lukic ◽  
Nenad Budimovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Production Sector ◽  
Cage System ◽  
Alternative Systems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Do So

The aim of the survey was to determine how the egg production sector is complying with animal welfare legislation, which requires a ban on conventional cages and the transition to permitted systems for rearing laying hens - enriched cages and alternative systems, as well as the attitudes of egg producers and consumers on the impact of permitted systems of egg production/purchase and hen welfare. The survey included producers (50), with 1000 and more hens, where in the sample, the percentage share of producers was according to the capacity - the size of the farm, i.e. similar to the share in the total egg production in Serbia. A consumer survey (261) established their views on the impact of the welfare of layers and the rearing system when buying eggs. According to the test results, it can be stated that: when switching to permitted rearing systems, enriched cages were the choice of all surveyed producers (100%) and that in the transition period from 2014 to autumn 2020, 16.3% of respondents switched from conventional cages to enriched ones (2.04% in full and 14.29% in part). According to the results obtained, 80.49% of them are planning to switch from a conventional cage system to another rearing system, of which 60.98% said they would do so if they had the financial means, while about 19% of producers believe they will be forced to leave production. All producers expect that the transition to enriched cages will lead to a reduction in their production, and 83.33% of them believe that it will be from 20 to 40%. Surveyed producers (87.18%) expect that the transition from conventional cages will increase production costs, and 65.11% believe that this will not affect the welfare of layers. A survey of consumer attitudes found that when buying eggs, the production system was very important for 19.91% of consumers, and for 19.41% of consumers it was not important at all, while the welfare of layers was very important for 26.84% and not at all important for 10.32% of consumers. The conclusion of the research is that in Serbia the transition to permitted rearing systems is slow, that harmonization with legal regulations is a great challenge and that changes are expected in the coming period that may have far-reaching consequences for the sector of table egg production.

scholarly journals Impact of the Ethanol Boom on Livestock and Dairy Industries: What Are They Going to Eat?

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 573-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Anderson ◽  
John D. Anderson ◽  
Jason Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Competitive Position ◽  
Alternative Feeds ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Grain Prices

Increased demand for corn for ethanol production has helped push grain prices to record levels. This has increased livestock production costs, and producers have responded with changes to production systems. This paper explores the degree to which costs can be mitigated with alternative feeds, the effect this might have on physical performance, and the impact of alternative feeds on the competitive position of different species.

Analysis of Production Process Parameters by Using Data Mining Methods

2013 ◽  
Vol 309 ◽  
pp. 342-349
Author(s):  
Pavel Važan ◽  
Pavol Tanuska ◽  
Dominika Jurovatá ◽  
Michal Kebisek
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Knowledge Discovery ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Knowledge Discovery In Databases ◽  
System Control ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

This article deals with knowledge discovery in databases (abbr. KDD) and methodology of this process. The authors give an identification of production parameters and their influence on a production process. Knowledge discovery in the production databases is minimally used for the process of planning and control. There are many problems that occur in the production process. It is important to indentify the impact of manufacturing parameters on the system for managers. New discovered knowledge from production systems will help make the right decision to fulfill the objectives. Using the KDD in the control of production systems, it can be achieved better understanding of system control and can help predict a future behavior of system. The authors formulated general knowledge for improve parameters of analyzed production process. The objectives, steps and some results of the project are presented in this article

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