scholarly journals Increased fly ash utilization — value addition through forest road reconstruction

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomi Kaakkurivaara ◽  
Heikki Korpunen
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Cost Calculation ◽  
Value Addition ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Forest Road ◽  
Uniform Layer ◽  
Cost Calculations ◽  
Fly Ash Utilization

Increasing forest bioenergy utilization is increasing the need to discover more applications for fly ash to avoid dumping charges. Our study concentrates on defining the work phases of reconstruction work and estimation of construction costs for a method using biomass based fly ash. Cost calculations were carried out for two mixed structures of fly ash and aggregate, two uniform structures of fly ash, and a conventional aggregate structure, where construction material volumes were calculated per kilometre for each structure. Our study defined suitable machines and their productivity per hour for different work phases. Cost calculation equations were formed for the used machines and the transportation of construction materials. Our study showed that building a 250 mm thick uniform layer of fly ash was the best alternative for minimizing construction costs. However, building a 500 mm thick uniform layer of fly ash was the best alternative for minimizing dumping charges.

scholarly journals Mud-Based Construction Material: Promising Properties of French Gravel Wash Mud Mixed with Byproducts, Seashells and Fly Ash as a Binder

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6216
Author(s):  
Yassine El Mendili ◽  
Manal Bouasria ◽  
Mohammed-Hichem Benzaama ◽  
Fouzia Khadraoui ◽  
Malo Le Guern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Pozzolanic Reaction ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Crepidula Fornicata ◽  
Earth Construction ◽  
Characterization Study ◽  
Development Goals

The French gravel industry produces approximatively 6.5 million tons of gravel wash mud each year. This material offers very promising properties which require an in-depth characterization study before its use as a construction material, otherwise it is removed from value cycles by disposal in landfills. We examined the suitability of gravel wash mud and seashells, with fly ash as a binder, as an unfired earth construction material. Thermal and mechanical characterizations of the smart mixture composed of gravel wash mud, Crepidula fornicata shells and fly ash are performed. The new specimens exhibit high compressive strengths compared to usual earth construction materials, which appears as a good opportunity for a reduction in the thickness of walls. The use of fly ash and Crepidula shells in addition to gravel wash mud provides high silica and calcium contents, which both react with clay, leading to the formation of tobermorite and Al-tobermorite as a result of a pozzolanic reaction. Considering the reduction in porosity and improvements in strength, these new materials are good candidates to contribute significantly to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and reduce carbon emissions.

A study on industrial-scale waste utilization in construction material production: the use of fly ash in GRP composite pipe

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (340) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
A. Beycioğlu ◽  
H. Mis ◽  
E. D. Güner ◽  
H. Güner ◽  
N. Gökçe
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Waste Utilization ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Axial Tensile ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

This study presents a new approach to the utilization of industrial by-products in construction materials by using fly ash (FA) in the production of glass fiber-reinforced polyester (GRP) pipe. The FA was substituted by 10% and 20% (by weight of sand) in the mixtures to produce GRP pipes of 350 mm in diameter and 6 m in length for testing. Stiffness modulus (SM), axial tensile strength (ATS), and hoop tensile strength (HTS) tests were conducted on the produced GRP pipes and their elasticity modulus (EM) values were also calculated. To observe the microstructure of the GRP pipes and the interfacial transition zone of the layers, SEM and microscopic analyses were performed. Furthermore, a strain-corrosion test was conducted to obtain information about long term-performance of samples. The results showed that the FA-filled GRP pipes were found to meet the requirements of the related standards, and that the use of FA in the GRP pipe industry may be an important alternative approach to the utilization of industrial wastes via effective recycling mechanisms.

The removal of As(V) ions by lime-modified fly ash and reuse of the exhausted adsorbent as an additive for construction material

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Karanac ◽  
Maja Đolić ◽  
Vladimir Pavićević ◽  
Aleksandar Marinković
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
The Impact ◽  
By Products ◽  
Modified Fly Ash

<p>Coal thermal power plants (TPP) actively generate numerous solid combustion by-products, including fly ash and bottom ash. These TPP by-products have already found use in a variety of civil engineering applications, such as a substitute for sand and gravel in structures, as well as a binding component in certain types of cement (generally, concrete and masonry). Furthermore, such by-products have become a subject of increasing interest in environmental engineering as a low-cost and effective adsorbent for the removal of organic pollutants and heavy metals from wastewaters.</p><p>In order to minimize the impact of material cost, novel solutions for the development of a high capacity and long-term adsorbent have provided a high performance adsorbent for practical applications. This study is focused on the use of modified fly ash (MFA) activated by lime (Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>) as an effective and low-cost adsorbent for the removal of As(V) ions. The adsorption capacity of the MFA adsorbent was found to be 35.40 mg g<sup>-1</sup>, while the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters indicated a spontaneous and endothermic process. Due to the low desorption potential of the exhausted adsorbent (MFA/As(V), their effective further material reuse was established to be feasible. The reuse of the exhausted adsorbent was obtained through pozzolanic MFA particles and Ca(OH)<sub>2, </sub>thereby formulating a construction material of a cementitious calcium-silicate hydrate. The toxicity leaching test (TCLP) and mechanical properties of the new construction material containing exhausted MFA (CM-MFA/As(V)) confirm its safe use in the laboratory as well as its semi-industrial application.</p><p>The specific objectives of this study have been: (i) to improve the adsorption performance of the MFA; (ii) to evaluate the material’s equilibrium, as well as the process’ kinetic and thermodynamic aspects, including  estimating its limiting step; and (iii) to investigate the possible reuse of the exhausted adsorbent in the production of construction materials. The kinetic data were successfully fitted by a pseudo-second-order equation and the Weber-Morris model. The metal-desorption experiments performed on the exhausted FA and MFA indicate a low recovery of the selected pollutants.</p><p>The major outcome of this study, indicates that double-valorization of fly ash opens new directions for waste management toward reuse in effective practical applications; i.e., for actual water –purification systems, as well as in the production of construction material.</p>

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Sustainable Construction Materials by Using U-Shaped Composite Spacer Block (UCop)​

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Mohamed Saim ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Material ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Particle Board ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
Minimum Standards ◽  
New Construction

Nowadays in construction development, the needs of construction materials that have a unique reinforced concrete design with good quality, reasonable market price, and easy installation techniques has been prioritized. Therefore, this study aimed to produce an alternative new construction material that can fulfill the requirements. The U-shaped composite spacer block (UCop) through the production of Cement Bonded Particle Board (CBPB) as a specimen block was produced from the wood waste of carpentry work combined with Shorea spp. (Seraya red and white) particle size approximately 0.4mm - 2.00 mm. Then it was mixed together with Portland cement by using a ratio 1:2.5. The mixture was then added with Ammonia Chloride (Al2SO4) and Calcium Chloride (CaCl2) act as additives for this product. The physical and mechanical tests were conducted in this study. The results were showed that the thickness expansion was achieved an average of 1.79 %, which was passed the minimum requirement of MS934:1986 standards. However, the flexural strength did not meet the minimum standards. The poor mixing technique was attributed to the results. However, UCop still could contribute as an alternative solution in ease the concrete pouring process using a special binder, giving the spacer block any resistance to formwork of columns or beams is filled with concrete. The high-impact innovations of this product in construction such as it can help the process to be more efficient and to reduce construction costs, next indirectly preserve the nature.

scholarly journals Sulfate attack and embedded steel corrosion resistances of volcanic-aggregate concrete with fly ash and silica fume

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abaho G. Gershome ◽  
Jean de Dieu Mutabaruka ◽  
Leopold Mbereyaho
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Sulfate Attack ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Concrete System ◽  
Supplementary Cementing Materials

Construction materials are increasingly on high demand in the developing world. The construction industry has a challenge of discovering, new  alternative construction materials to conventional materials which are locally available materials in environmentally friendly manner. The  experimental tests are conducted on volcanic concrete system to analyze its properties especially corrosion resistance potential for its applicability in construction. The major aim is to investigate its suitability and corrosion resistance potential especially when used in construction of structures with embedded steel. The test results of the material show that volcanic concrete system with 30% fly ash and 10% silica fume cementing materials is an alternative green construction material. Permeability properties are reduced by 8% and 24% with 30% fly ash and 10% silica fume respectively. Tests also indicate that Compressive strength, Corrosion potential and polarization resistance in volcanic concrete system with supplementing  cement materials has more potential to resist sulfate attack when compared with conventional volcanic concrete systems. The supplementary cementing materials (SCM) reduce the pore system and hence decrease the ingress of corrosive ions an  water in concrete. Corrosive ions, moisture and air would initiate corrosion to the embedded steel in concrete leading to reduced service life such structures. Key word: Supplementary Cementing Materials, Sulfate attack, volcanic concrete system, Granite powder, river sand, Corrosion of embedded steel

Process Technology Silica Sand into Microsilica and Nanosilica for Construction Material

2014 ◽  
Vol 919-921 ◽  
pp. 1836-1838 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Indra Tjahjani ◽  
Jonbi ◽  
Riadika Mastra ◽  
Endang Mulyani
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Value Addition ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Potential Source

Nanotechnology has experienced rapid growth, it can be seen the emergence of products and high interest researchers associated with nanotechnology. The implication process natural resources management is no longer limited to generating value addition, but were able to perform value creation. One potential source is the natural silica sand. Silica sand reserves in Indonesia, among others are, South Kalimantan, West Java, East Java and Papua. Utilization of silica sand has been used as a filler only on the construction materials at a price of 20 - 50 IDR/kg, while microsilica: 12,000 – 15,000 IDR/kg and nanosilica: 100,000-150,000 IDR/kg. This study develops the potential of silica sand in Indonesia through testing, XRF, XRD, SEM and PSA. Then further process by nanosilica’s equipment in Indonesia, resulting microsilica and nanosilica Indonesia. The end result made ​​comparisons with microsilica and commercial nanosilica. The results showed that the Planetary Ball Mill (PBM), High Energy Milling (HEM) can be used to generate microsilica. Polishing Liquid Milling Technology (PLMT) can be used to make nanosilica of Indonesia's natural resources, which is equivalent to nanosilica have traded commercial.

Geopolymer Synthesis Using Metakaolin and High Calcium Fly Ash as Binary System Geopolymer

2020 ◽  
Vol 1007 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Thammaros Pantongsuk ◽  
Chayanee Tippayasam ◽  
Pakamon Kittisayarm ◽  
Siripan Nilpairach ◽  
Duangrudee Chaysuwan
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Alternative Construction ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
High Calcium Fly Ash

Conventional cement production process emits tons of carbon dioxide gas which is one of the greenhouse gases that influence the environment across the world. Discovering the alternative construction material with the eco-friendly process and the performance similar to or greater than ordinary Portland cement has been attractive to find out. This research presented green construction materials or so-called geopolymers from metakaolin substituted by high calcium fly ash by 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 wt%. Some researches reported that geopolymer produced from metakaolin and fly ash with alkali solution gave a great result, but usually, they used fly ash containing very low calcium component. Compressive strength at 3, 7 and 28 curing days and flowability were conducted. The compressive strength of geopolymers blended with high calcium fly ash was still developed as the curing day increased and revealed the highest at 28 days especially on MK40 (high calcium fly ash 60 wt%). Geopolymer pastes prepared with a higher amount of high calcium fly ash exhibited less viscous. It was proved that the high amount of high calcium fly ash could be applied and gave extraordinary compressive strength. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence were used to investigate chemical properties as well as microstructure by a scanning electron microscope. For phase analysis, the existence of oxides of calcium and sulfur in high calcium fly ash resulted in the formation of thenardite, calcite, portlandite and C-S-H phase associating with geopolymeric phase. Therefore, this research proposed the opportunity for geopolymer production by using abundant high calcium fly ash to raise the value of the industrial waste products and green alternative construction material compared with OPC.

Fly Ash the Status of Resource-Oriented Utilization in Construction Material

2013 ◽  
Vol 753-755 ◽  
pp. 628-631
Author(s):  
Zhi Xin Yue ◽  
Juan Nong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government

Fly ash is a large amount of solid wastes produced from power plants, use of its resources has always been a matter of the government and experts are concerned. Combining with the characteristics of the nature of the fly ash, introduces the fly ash resource utilization in construction materials using some new approaches and application of the status quo.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Possibility of Using 1.4462 and 1.4501 Steel as a Construction Material for Apparatus Operating at an Increased Temperature and with Corrosive Factors

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4014
Author(s):  
Karol Prałat ◽  
Andżelika Krupińska ◽  
Marek Ochowiak ◽  
Sylwia Włodarczak ◽  
Magdalena Matuszak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Passive Layer ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Steel Heat

The objective of this study was to determine the requirements for steels used as construction materials for chemical apparatus operating at an elevated temperature and to correlate them with the properties of the tested steels. The experimental part examined the influence of the annealing process on the structure and properties of X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 (1.4462) and X2CrNiMoCuWN25-7-4 (1.4501) steel. Heat treatment was carried out on the tested samples at a temperature of 600 °C and 800 °C. Changes were observed after the indicated time intervals of 250 and 500 h. In order to determine the differences between the initial state and after individual annealing stages, metallographic specimens were performed, the structure was analyzed using an optical microscope and the micro-hardness was measured using the Vickers method. Potentiostatic tests of the samples were carried out to assess the influence of thermal process parameters on the electrochemical properties of the passive layer. An increase in the hardness of the samples was observed with increasing temperature and annealing time, the disappearance of magnetic properties for both samples after annealing at the temperature of 800 °C, as well as a significant deterioration in corrosion resistance in the case of treatment at a higher temperature.

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