Cadmium and Zinc Uptake by Two Species of Aquatic Invertebrate Predators from Dietary and Aqueous Sources

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaas R. Timmermans ◽  
Elly Spijkerman ◽  
Marcel Tonkes ◽  
Harrie Govers
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Period ◽  
Zinc Uptake ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Chironomid Larvae ◽  
Zn Uptake ◽  
Invertebrate Predators ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Freshwater Invertebrate ◽  
Caddisfly Larvae ◽  
Free Metal

Cadmium and Zn uptake rates via food and water were determined under laboratory conditions for two species of freshwater invertebrate predators. Water mites (Limnesia maculata) and caddisfly larvae (Mystacides spp.) were exposed for 4 wk to either contaminated chironomid larvae (Chironomus riparius, 288–639 μg Cd∙g−1 or 778–1152 μg Zn∙g−1) or contaminated water (0.1 mg Cd∙L−1 or 1.0 mg Zn∙L−1). Cadmium was readily accumulated in the two species from both dietary and aqueous sources. A clear difference between exposed and untreated organisms was established. Zinc uptake was generally lower than that of Cd, resulting in small differences between exposed and nonexposed organisms. Cadmium uptake from food and Zn uptake from water dominated in both species. It is concluded that, in addition to uptake of free metal ions from aqueous sources, invertebrate predators can accumulate trace metals from their food. This is an underestimated source of contamination for freshwater invertebrate predators. Changes in internal metal concentrations in the predators are described with a first-order one-compartment uptake model. This model was appropriate where steady-state conditions were approached. When uptake continued throughout the experimental period, uptake rate constants were estimated using linear regression.

The Uptake and Accumulation of Zinc and Copper From Solution by two Species of Talitrid Amphipods (Crustacea)

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 811-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Weeks ◽  
P. S. Rainbow
Keyword(s):  
Food Source ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Zinc Uptake ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Copper And Zinc ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Laboratory Results

The exposure of two species of talitrid amphipods (Orchestia gammarellus and Orchestia mediterranea) to a range of zinc and copper concentrations in solution has enabled the categorization of the mode of metal accumulation adopted by these supralittoral amphipods. Both species showed net accumulation of dissolved zinc and copper at all experimental exposures between 20 and 1000 μig Zng 1 and 13 and 1000 μg Cu 1 in artificial sea-water. Studies using Zn have shown that the zinc uptake rates of both species (0·430 μg Zn g d, SE 0·032 and 0·408 µg Zn g d, SE 0·073 for O. gammarellus and O. mediterranea respectively at 10°C in 31·6 μg Zn 1) are not significantly different, and are low in comparison with other crustaceans. Laboratory results are related to field conditions, and it is concluded that Firth of Clyde O. gammarellus are more dependent upon a food source in order to meet both their copper and zinc requirements than are O. mediterranea which are able to obtain sufficient metabolic copper from solution. The use of talitrid amphipods in zinc and copper biomonitoring programmes is also discussed.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Spirulina in Promoting Health Benefits for Arsenicosis Patients

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hasibur Rahman ◽  
AZM Maidul Islam ◽  
MS Sikder
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Social Condition ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Supportive Treatment ◽  
Cellular Toxicity ◽  
Feeding Trials ◽  
The Impact

A total number of 40 patients affected with arsenicosis were selected and clinically examined prior to feeding trials. The interrelatedness between improvement respondents following spirulina intake in respect of age, sex, nutrition and social condition of patients exposed to arsenic contaminated water was evidenced. Among sexwise respondents about 62% females showed improvement in comparison to 58.3% males. The spirulina intake caused more improvements in age group 15-35 years (66.66%) than patients of 35 to 55 years (50%). The impact of spirulina improvement showed a different vulnerability of social taboos. It occurred 71.42% in middle class, while in poor class this was 69.29%. The greatly vulnerable poverty related malnourished arsenicosis patients responded to therapy equally as attained by well nourished patients. The overall response revealed that 60% patients showed improvement with spirulina treatment which was statistically highly significant (x2 = 8.64 at P< 0.01). The viability of spirulina to offer health benefits to arsenicosis patients proved considerably satisfactory, because there was significant improvements of general health in all patients who received spirulina during the experimental period. Although 60 to 70% recovery has been recorded with spirulina intake in arsenicosis patients, but it is still interesting to note that the drug assisted remedy from malnutrition and might have boosted up the immune system. The present research study evidenced that arsenic, which induces cellular toxicity, could be prevented by treatment with known supportive treatment, such as spirulina along with other antioxidants. DOI: 10.3329/jbcps.v26i1.4228 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2008; 26: 14-21

Quantitative estimation of the role of denitrifying phosphate accumulating organisms in nutrient removal

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Shoji ◽  
H. Satoh ◽  
T. Mino
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
System 2 ◽  
Polyphosphate Accumulating Organisms

It has been reported that a proportion of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) can denitrify or utilize nitrate as an electron acceptor. The usage of denitrifying-PAO (DN-PAO) can relieve the competition for COD between denitrification and phosphorus removal because they can treat nitrate and phosphate by using the same carbon source. To effectively use DN-PAO for biological nutrient removal (BNR), a new system was proposed in which an anaerobic phase is placed at the influent end, followed by the anoxic and external nitrification phase. In this study, the lab-scale proposed system (A2N system) was operated with a municipal wastewater 1) to confirm stable settlement of DN-PAO in the proposed system, 2) to quantitatively estimate the fraction of different groups of organisms like denitrifiers without polyphosphate accumulating capability, aerobic-PAO and DN-PAO and 3) to estimate the advantages of DN-PAO's presence in the system. Moreover, batch experiments in which anoxic and aerobic phosphate uptake rates (PUR) were measured were also carried out. The activity of DN-PAO was observed throughout the experimental period by the batch experiment. From the results of the calculation of COD utilized by each group of organisms, it was concluded that the proposed system could accumulate much more PAO (as DN-PAO) than conventional BNR systems. Moreover, they were responsible for both EBPR and denitrification.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of electroplating wastewater by vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanoides L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andhika Puspito Nugroho ◽  
Erni Saurmalinda Butar Butar ◽  
Ekaputra Agung Priantoro ◽  
Lies Sriwuryandari ◽  
Zulfa Berliana Pratiwi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Elimination Rate ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Electroplating Wastewater ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Water Ecosystems ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractThe electroplating industry generates wastewater containing a variety of heavy metals which potentially contaminate water ecosystems. The available and well-known electroplating wastewater treatments are considered as an expensive and less effective method, therefore phytoremediation was used as an alternative friendly solution. This study aims to evaluate the uptake and elimination rate of heavy metals by vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanoides L.) on metal-polluted water. Vetiver was planted in artificial electroplating wastewater containing different levels (low, medium, high) of chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni). Water, roots, and shoots were collected periodically to determine Cr and Ni contents using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). Metal accumulation and elimination rate, Bioconcentration Factor (BCF), Biological Absorption Coefficient (BAC), and Translocation Factor (TF) were calculated to evaluate plant’s effectiveness in metal remediation processes. The results showed that vetiver (C. zizanoides L.) was able to remove 61.10% Cr and 95.65% Ni on metal-contaminated water. The highest uptake rates for Cr and Ni are 127.21 mg/kg/day and 15.60 mg/kg/day respectively, while the elimination rates for Cr and Ni tend to slow 1.09 mg/kg/day and 12.24 mg/kg/day respectively. Vetiver BCF, BAC, and TF values on Cr and Ni contaminated water were greater than 1, which indicates that vetiver work through phytoextraction and phytostabilization to treat metals. The findings showed that vetiver has promise as a phytoremediation agent thus providing implication for electroplating wastewater treatment.

Acute changes in cellular zinc alters zinc uptake rates prior to zinc transporter gene expression in Jurkat cells

BioMetals ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 987-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tai C. Holland ◽  
David W. Killilea ◽  
Swapna V. Shenvi ◽  
Janet C. King
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Zinc Transporter ◽  
Zinc Uptake ◽  
Jurkat Cells ◽  
Transporter Gene ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Acute Changes ◽  
Cellular Zinc

Occurrence and ecology of Lophopodella carteri (Hyatt) and other freshwater Bryozoa in the lower Ottawa River near Montréal, Quebec

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1401-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Ricciardi ◽  
David J. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Freshwater Sponges ◽  
Chironomid Larvae ◽  
Ottawa River ◽  
Pectinatella Magnifica ◽  
Caddisfly Larvae ◽  
Freshwater Bryozoa ◽  
Cristatella Mucedo ◽  
Lophopodella Carteri ◽  
First Time

Seven species of freshwater Bryozoa (Ectoprocta) were collected from the lower Ottawa River near Montréal, Quebec: Lophopodella carteri (Hyatt), Plumatella repens (Linnaeus), Hyalinella punctata (Hancock), Paludicella articulata (Ehrenberg), Fredericella indica Annandale, Pectinatella magnifica (Leidy), and Cristatella mucedo Cuvier. Lophopodella carteri is reported from Canada for the first time, and this record represents a 300-km northward extension of its known range. Plumatella repens, H. punctata, F. indica, and P. articulata are new records for the province of Quebec. Bryozoan colonies were commonly associated with each other and with other macroinvertebrates, including freshwater sponges, molluscs, turbellarians, chironomid larvae, and caddisfly larvae. Larval caddisflies, Ceraclea (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae), and the microturbellarian Stenostomum (Turbellaria: Catenulida) were predators of living bryozoan colonies.

scholarly journals Effects of Acetyl Acetone on Growth and Zinc Uptake by Drumstick (Moringa Oleifera) Seedlings Replanted in Hydroponic Solutions

2019 ◽  
pp. 232-238
Author(s):  
Dagari M. S. ◽  
Badamasi H ◽  
Wada A. H
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Zinc Uptake ◽  
Acetyl Acetone ◽  
Zn Uptake ◽  
Hydroponic Solution ◽  
Dose Dependent

The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of acetyl acetone on Zinc (Zn) uptake and growth of Drumstick (Moringa oleifera) plants. Thirty seedlings were raised in hydroponic solution containing varied concentrations of Zn and acetyl acetone. The results showed a significant (p>0.05) change in weights of the plants when concentrations of Zn and acetyl acetone were added. Plants grown in treated hydroponics died before control plants. Zn uptake and accumulation were dose dependent with respect to addition of both Zn and acetyl acetone. The translocation factor decreased highly insignificantly (P>0.05) at lower concentration of Zn and significant at higher concentration in treated plants compared to control. The chlorophyll, carotenoid and proline content were severely decreased after addition of Zn and acetyl acetone, inducing toxicity symptoms. Thus, acetyl acetone did not play any significant role in alleviating Zn-induced toxicity.

scholarly journals Zinc Uptake and Shoot Partitioning Between Zinc Efficient and Inefficient Exacum Genotypes

2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (5) ◽  
pp. 674-679
Author(s):  
Andrew Riseman ◽  
Richard Craig ◽  
Jonathan P. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Zinc Efficiency ◽  
Zn Uptake ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Root Cec ◽  
Zinc Nutrition

Interspecific hybrids of exacum (Exacum L.) display variable responses to zinc nutrition. Our research compared two genotypes with contrasting zinc efficiency phenotypes in terms of root cation exchange capacity (CEC), whole plant 65Zn uptake, and the effects of Cu+2 and Mg+2 on 65Zn uptake and partitioning to shoot tissues. Results show that the zinc efficient and inefficient genotypes had significantly different root CEC [27.2 and 16.9 cmol(+)·kg-1 root dry weight (DW), respectively] and whole plant 65Zn uptake rates (0.048 and 0.026 μmol·h-1·g-1 DW, respectively). In equimolar concentrations to Zn+2, Cu+2 reduced Zn+2 uptake by approximately 50% in both genotypes while supplemental Mg+2 enhanced Zn+2 uptake. In addition, Mg+2 facilitated a larger proportion of absorbed 65Zn to the upper shoot of the efficient genotype. We conclude zinc is absorbed through a specific Zn+2/Cu+2 transporter and that zinc efficiency in exacum is based on a combination of apoplastic and symplastic traits. In addition, a secondary Mg+2 × Zn+2 interaction may contribute to the zinc efficiency phenotype.

An Experimental Multiple-Organ Model for the Study of Regional Net Release/Uptake Rates of Tissue-type Plasminogen Activator in the Intact Pig

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (03) ◽  
pp. 1150-1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Jern ◽  
Heléne Seeman-Lodding ◽  
Bjӧrn Biber ◽  
Ola Winsӧ ◽  
Sverker Jern
Keyword(s):  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Hepatic Veins ◽  
Plasma Flows ◽  
Tissue Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Net Release

SummaryExperimental data indicate large between-organs variations in rates of synthesis of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), which may reflect important differences in the capacity for constitutive and stimulated t-PA release from the vascular endothelium. In this report we describe a new multiple-organ experimental in vivo model for simultaneous determinations of net release/uptake rates of t-PA across the coronary, splanchnic, pulmonary, and hepatic vascular beds. In eleven intact anesthetized pigs, blood samples were obtained simultaneously from the proximal aorta, coronary sinus, pulmonary artery, and portal and hepatic veins. Plasma flows were monitored separately for each vascular region. Total plasma t-PA was determined by ELISA with a porcine t-PA standard. Regional net release/uptake rates were defined as the product of arteriovenous concentration gradients and local plasma flows. The net release of t-PA across the splanchnic vascular bed was very high, with a mean output of 1,919 ng total t-PA X min-1 (corresponding to 90 ng per min and 100 g tissue). The net coronary t-PA release was 68 ng X min-1 (30 ng X min-1 X 100 g"1)- Pulmonary net fluxes of t-PA were variable without any significant net t-PA release. The net hepatic uptake rate was 4,855 ng X min-1 (436 ng X min-1 X 100 g-1). Net trans-organ changes of active t-PA mirrored those of total t-PA. The results demonstrate marked regional differences in net release rates of t-PA in vivo. The experimental model we present offers new possibilities for evaluation of regional secretion patterns in the intact animal.

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