Benthic Macroinvertebrate Changes in Lakes near Sudbury, Ontario, following a Reduction in Acid Emissions

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (S1) ◽  
pp. 63-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Griffiths ◽  
W. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Benthic Macroinvertebrate ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Chemical Toxicity ◽  
The Third ◽  
Refuge Area ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Littoral Habitats ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Density ◽  
Lake Basins

Benthic macroinvertebrates were sampled from three lake basins before and after a reduction in acidity, a result of reduced acid emissions from the smelting industry in Sudbury, Ontario. The number of taxa and macroinvertebrate density were greater in the later surveys of the lakes than expected by chance alone. Species richness and macroinvertebrate density were higher in all littoral habitats and in profundal habitats of two lake basins. Species richness showed little change and macroinvertebrate density was lower in the profundal habitat of the third lake basin. Increased survival, probably as a result of reduced chemical toxicity, best accounted for the higher species richness and benthic density. Trout predation, through a numerical response, probably masked these responses in the profundal habitat of the third lake basin because the refuge area from predation (i.e. region of the hypolimnion low in dissolved oxygen) was small. These data indicate that biological recovery of industrially acidified lakes is possible solely by reducing emissions, provided that recolonizing species are not locally extinct.

Аpplying of high-frequency monopolar diathermocoagulation in the treatment of chronic pulpitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
F. Yu. Daurova ◽  
D. I. Tomaeva ◽  
S. V. Podkopaeva ◽  
Yu. A. Taptun
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
The Third ◽  
Before And After

Relevance: the reason for the development of complications in endodontic treatment is poor-quality instrumental treatment root canals.Aims: a study of the animicrobial action and clinical efficacy of high-frequency monopolar diathermocoagulation in the treatment of chronic forms of pulpitis.Materials and methods: 102 patients with various chronic forms of pulpitis were divided into three groups of 34 patients each. In the first two groups, high-frequency monopolar diathermocoagulation was used in endodontic treatment in different modes. In the third group, endodontic treatment was carried out without the use of diathermocoagulation (comparison group). The root canal microflora in chronic pulpitis in vivo was studied twice-before and after diathermocoagulation.Results: it was established that high-frequency monopolar diathermocoagulation in the effect mode is 3, power is 4 (4.1 W) and effect is 4, power is 4 (5.4 W) with an exposure time of 3 seconds, it has a pronounced antibacterial effect on all presented pathogenic microflora obtained from the root canals of the teeth.

GESTOGENS IN CORPUS LUTEUM OF CATTLE

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIII (III) ◽  
pp. 417-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kristoffersen
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
The Third ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Luteal Tissue ◽  
In Pregnancy

ABSTRACT By means of chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods progesterone and a substance closely similar to 20β-hydroxy-pregn-4-ene-3-one has been detected in luteal tissue from non-pregnant and pregnant cows. In 21 animals quantitative measurements based on a method giving an average net recovery of 56 per cent showed that in pregnancy the average progesterone content in the corpus luteum reached a maximum in the third to fifth month, with low values before and after this period. For 6 nonpregnant cows, the average value was 20.2 μg/g tissue, which is considerably higher than previous values reported in the literature. The relation between these findings and the bovine dependence on a functional corpus luteum in pregnancy is discussed, and it is pointed out that more information about the metabolism of progesterone in cattle is highly desirable.

Carthage after the Punic Wars and the Neo-Punic Legacy

2019 ◽  
pp. 182-196
Author(s):  
Matthew Hobson
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
The Third ◽  
Funerary Rituals ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Punic Wars

This chapter provides a brief introduction to how the historiographical development of Roman studies, since mid-twentieth century decolonization, has altered our understanding of the developments which took place in North Africa following the destruction of Carthage in 146 bce. The reader is introduced to literary, epigraphic, and archaeological sources of evidence, which have traditionally been used to argue for either cultural change or continuity. After an initial examination of the immediate aftermath of the Third Punic War, Roman land appropriation and taxation, the focus is on sources of evidence usually described as “Punic,” “neo-Punic” or “Late Punic,” covering the spheres of municipal institutions, language use, and religious and funerary rituals. The vibrant multiculturalism and regional diversity of the Mediterranean and especially North Africa, both before and after the Roman conquest, is the dominant theme. This is used to shift emphasis away from grand explanatory paradigms based on essentialist identity categories, and toward a more nuanced picture of the complex and multivariate processes of cultural development and integration.

Partial cutting reduces species richness of fungi on woody debris in oak-rich forests

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 1807-1816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Nordén ◽  
Frank Götmark ◽  
Martin Ryberg ◽  
Heidi Paltto ◽  
Johan Allmér
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Woody Debris ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Partial Cutting ◽  
Total Species Richness ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Closed Canopy ◽  
And Control ◽  
Total Species

Partial cutting is increasingly applied in European temperate oak-dominated forests for biofuel harvesting, and to counteract succession in protected stands. Effects on biodiversity of these measures need to be carefully evaluated, and species-rich but neglected taxa such as fungi should be considered. We studied the effects of partial cutting on fungal fruiting bodies on woody debris. In 21 closed canopy forests rich in large oaks in Sweden, on average 25%–30% of the basal area was cut. Fruiting bodies were counted and some were collected in treated and control plots before and after treatment. We found 334 basidiomycete and 47 ascomycete species. Species richness of basidiomycetes declined significantly more in treated plots (on average 26%) than in control plots (on average 13%) between seasons. Species richness of ascomycetes increased by 17% in control plots and decreased by 2% in treated plots. Total species richness was significantly reduced on fine woody debris (1–10 cm in diameter), but not on coarse woody debris (>10 cm). Overall species composition did not change significantly as a result of partial cutting, but red-listed species tended to decrease more in treated plots. We suggest that approximately 30% of the stands should not be thinned, and dead stems and fallen branches should not be removed, to favor saproxylic fungi and their associated fauna.

On the issue of post-tuberculosis lesions of the larynx in pulmonary tuberculosis

1901 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-196
Author(s):  
A. T. Ostrovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
The Third ◽  
Before And After

Abstracts. Internal diseases.A. T. Ostrovsky. To the question of post-tuberculosis lesions of the larynx in pulmonary tuberculosis. Diss. S.-PB.1900 g.The author cites the literature that exists on the issue of interest to him, before and after the discovery of tuberous sticks by prof. Kos'om. At the present time, regarding the secondary tubercle of the larynx, there are already not at all many, each having its own supporters, from which some admit the penetration of tuberous sticks from the epithelial cover of the mucous membrane of the larynx, others hold the view that the vessels for the lymph from the inside through the third In view of the fact that up to the present time the issue of post-tuberculosis lesions of the larynx remains not fully clarified, the author decided to take on his work as much as possible.

““Prisoners for Freedom””: The Prisoners Issue Before and After Oslo

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Um Jabr Wishah
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Health Program ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Mental Health Program ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
The Third ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Community Mental Health Program ◽  
Village Life ◽  
The University

This is the third and final installment of Um Jabr's ““life story,”” earlier segments of which——on village life in pre-1948 Palestine and on the 1948 war and its aftermath——were published in JPS 138 (winter 2006) and JPS 140 (summer 2006). The current excerpts focus on Um Jabr's intense involvement in the prisoner issue that began when two of her sons were in Israeli jails. In particular, her activism took the form of organizing other women to visit prisoners from Arab countries who had no one to visit them on the twice monthly visits allowed. Um Jabr's 36,000-word ““life story”” was one of seven collected as part of an oral history project, as yet unpublished, carried out by Barbara Bill, an Australian who since 1996 has worked with the Women's Empowerment Project of the Gaza Community Mental Health Program, and Ghada Ageel, a refugee from al-Bureij camp now earning her Ph.D. at the University of Exeter in England. The women who participated in the project were interviewed a number of times during the first half of 2001; after the tapes were transcribed, the memories were set down exactly as they were told, the only ““editing”” being the integration of material from the various interviews into one ““life story.”” Um Jabr, who was in her early 70s at the time of the interviews, still lives in al-Bureij camp, where she has since 1950.

scholarly journals Flexibility of K3 and ProTaper universal instruments

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Grazziotin-Soares ◽  
Flares Barato Filho ◽  
José Roberto Vanni ◽  
Susimara Almeida ◽  
Elias Pandonor Motcy de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Universal System ◽  
Universal Testing Machine ◽  
The Third ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Flexible Instruments

This study used a mechanical test to evaluate the flexibility of instruments from the K3 (conicity 0.04) and the ProTaper Universal systems when they were new and after 5 uses in simulated canals. Five sets of instruments of each system were tested: K3 (15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45) and ProTaper Universal (S1, S2, F1, F2, F3, F4 and F5). Each set of instruments was used to prepare a simulated canal and the same set of instruments was used 5 times (50 canals). The number of each subgroup represented the number of uses: 0 (control), 1, 3 and 5 uses. Before and after each use, the instruments were submitted to a mechanical flexibility test performed in a Versat 502 universal testing machine. Interactions between the instrument and the number of uses were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test at a 5% level of significance. Instruments from both systems presented lower flexibility after the third use compared to the flexibility obtained after uses 0 and 1 (p<0.05), and maintained the same flexibility after the fifth use. The flexibility of instruments from the K3 system decreased with the increase of diameter, irrespective of the number of uses. Among the instruments from the ProTaper Universal system, the shaping files presented greater flexibility than the finishing files. F2 and F3 were the least flexible instruments, and F4 and F5 presented flexibility values similar to those of F1.

scholarly journals OPTIMALISASI PENGELOLAAN USAHA KECIL MENENGAH (UKM) KERUPUK DOROKDOK DESA CIBINGBIN KECAMATAN CIBINGBIN, KABUPATEN KUNINGAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dadang Suhendar ◽  
Dadang Suhardi
Keyword(s):  
Team Work ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Team Coordination ◽  
Financial Report ◽  
Survey Team ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
The Third ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Work Production ◽  
Implementation Method

PkM activity was implemented in Cibingbin village, Cibingbin district, Kuningan regency with the target the entrepreneurs who involve with UKM belonging to kerupuk Dorokdok UKM. The activity implementation method consisted of three steps. The first step was preparation covering pre-survey, team-work, production and proposal dispatch, team coordination and partner and also� tool preparation as well as exercising materials. The second step was the step to implement the program such as� giving socialization, tutorial activity and discussion. Socialization was done through material description and discussion. The third step was evaluation and report. Evaluation was done by comparing partner condition before and after program implemented through interview method and observation. The proposed material in socialization derived from the importance of making financial report or simple accounting for entrepreneurs in UKM. The outside outcome after the socialization was implemented were : The first : The socialization in introducing how to make financial report or simple accounting for UKM has fulfilled the targeted outcome through the improvement on how to make financial report or simple accounting. It was seen after socialization that the members could describe� the� aim of the financial report or simple accounting in business activity. The second : the existed tutorial activity led UKM to understand better on how to make simple financial report good and clear. Keywords : socialization, tutorial activity, accounting� �AbstrakKegiataan PkM dilaksanakan di Desa Cibingbin Kecamatan Cibingbin Kabupaten Kuningan dengan target pelaku usaha UKM yang merupakan� UKM Kerupuk Dorokdok. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan terdiri dari tiga tahap. Pertama tahap persiapan meliputi pra survey, pembentukan tim, pembuatan dan pengajuan proposal, koordinasi tim dan mitra serta persiapan peralatan dan bahan-bahan pelatihan. Tahap kedua yaitu tahap pelaksanaan program berupa ceramah atau sosialisasi, kegiatan tutorial, dan diskusi. Sosialisasi dilakukan melalui penyuluhan (pemaparan materi) dan diskusi. Tahap ketiga yaitu tahap evaluasi dan pelaporan. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan membandingkan kondisi mitra sebelum dan sesudah dilaksanakannya program dengan metode wawancara dan observasi. Materi yang disampaikan dalam sosialisasi berupa pentingnya pembuatan laporan keuangan atau pembukuan sederhana untuk pelaku UKM. Hasil dan luaran kegiatan setelah dilaksanakan sosialisasi yaitu pertama, sosialisasi pengenalan pembuatan laporan keuangan atau pembukuan yang sederhana untuk UKM telah memenuhi luaran yang ditargetkan, yaitu terjadi peningkatan pemahaman mengenai pembuatan laporan keuangan atau pembukuan sederhana sehingga settelah sosialisasi diberikan maka peserta dapat menjelaskan tujuan dari pembuatan laporan keuangan atau pembukuan dalam kegiatan usaha. Kedua, Kegiatan tutorial yang dilakukan membuat UKM lebih memahami bagaimana membuat laporan keuangan yang sederhana terlihat baik dan jelas.Kata Kunci : Sosialisasi,,Kegiatan Tutorial, Pembukuan

scholarly journals Mass drug administration with azithromycin for trachoma elimination and the population structure of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the nasopharynx

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca A. Gladstone ◽  
Ebrima Bojang ◽  
John Hart ◽  
Emma M Harding-Esch ◽  
David Mabey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Mass Drug Administration ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Third ◽  
Before And After

ABSTRACTBackgroundMass drug administration (MDA) with azithromycin for trachoma elimination reduces nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the short term. We evaluated S. pneumoniae carried in the nasopharynx before and after a round of azithromycin MDA to determine whether MDA was associated with changes in pneumococcal population structure.MethodsWe analysed 514 pneumococcal isolates cultured from nasopharyngeal samples collected in Gambian villages that received MDA for trachoma elimination. The samples were collected during three cross-sectional surveys conducted before the third round of MDA (CSS-1) and at one (CSS-2) and six (CSS-3) months after MDA. Whole genome sequencing was conducted on randomly selected isolates. Bayesian Analysis of Population Structure (BAPS) was used to cluster related isolates by capturing variation in the core genome. Serotype and multi-locus sequence type were inferred from the genotype. The Antimicrobial Resistance Identification by Assembly (ARIBA) tool was used to identify macrolide resistance genes.ResultsTwenty-seven BAPS clusters were assigned. These consisted of 81 sequence types (STs), 15 of which were novel additions to pubMLST. Two BAPS clusters, BAPS20 (p-value<=0.016) and BAPS22 (p-value<=0.032) showed an increase in frequency at CSS-3 not associated with antimicrobial resistance. Macrolide resistance within BASP17 increased after treatment (p<0.05) and was carried on a mobile transposable element that also conferred resistance to tetracycline.ConclusionsLimited changes in pneumococcal population structure were observed after the third round of MDA suggesting treatment had little effect on the circulating lineages. An increase in macrolide resistance within one BAPS highlights the need for antimicrobial resistance surveillance in treated villages.

Abstract TP24: Trends in Iv r-tpa and Thrombectomy Treatment Rates Before and After the LVO RCT’s in a Regional Tele-stroke Network

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naregnia Pierre Louis ◽  
Suman Nalluri ◽  
Benny Kim ◽  
Aashish Anand ◽  
Tanzila Shams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Mechanical Thrombectomy ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Stroke Therapy ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Third ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Acute Stroke Therapy

The presentation of endovascular stroke trials at international stroke conference was a land mark event in acute stroke therapy. This study aims to analyze the rates of utilization of IV r-tPA, with or without mechanical thrombectomy before and after the 2015 International Stroke Conference (ISC) in a large regional tele-stroke network. Methods: A systematic review of prospective telestroke and procedure database was performed for 18 months prior and 18 months post conference. There were three groups included in the analysis. The first group consisted ischemic stroke patients presented within 12 hours of onset including inpatient events, transfers from primary centers and rural clinics. The second group consisted of patients who received IV r-tPA, and the third group consisted of patients who received IV r-tPA and/or underwent mechanical thrombectomy for a demonstrated LVO. Results: A total of 2628 consecutive ischemic stroke events presented within 12 hours of onset were evaluated. In the pre-ISC conference group, there were 1135 ischemic stroke patients. IV r-tPA was given 535 times(47.1%) and mechanical thrombectomy was utilized in addition to IV r-tPA or alone 42 times(3.7%). In the post-ISC conference group, there were 1493 ischemic stroke patients. IV r-tPA was given 642 times(43%) and mechanical thrombectomy was utilized in addition to IV r-tPA or alone 132 times(8.84%). The Chi Square statistical test was performed comparing these groups. When comparing the rate of IV r-tPA usage, there was a significant decrease from the pre-ISC conference group to the post-ISC conference group (P= 0.04). When comparing the rate of mechanical thrombectomy performed, there was a significant increase of greater than double the percentage of thrombectomy procedures performed in the post conference group compared to the preconference group (p< 0.001). Conclusion: There was a significant decrease in IV r-tPA usage but a greater than double the increase in the thrombectomy rate . This may be secondary to increased awareness of benefit of thrombectomy at referral centers. Slightly lower rates of IV r-tPA usage may be secondary to an increase in transfers of patients outside of the 0-4.5 hr window but were deemed candidates for thrombectomy.

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