Associations of SRAP markers with dried-shrink disease resistance in a germplasm collection of sea buckthorn (Hippophae L.)

Genome ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 447-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Li ◽  
Cheng-Jiang Ruan ◽  
Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva ◽  
Bao-Quan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plant ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Dice Coefficient ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Srap Markers ◽  
Hippophae Salicifolia ◽  
Pioneer Plant

Sea buckthorn ( Hippophae L.) is a woody, outcrossing dioecious pioneer plant, being widely planted as a new berry crop with rich nutritional and medicinal compounds. This long-juvenile and long-lived woody plant can be more difficult to cultivate than other crop plants. Dried-shrink disease (DSD) is a dangerous pathogen that destroys sea buckthorn and halts commercial production. We estimated variability of sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers in 77 accessions of 22 sea buckthorn cultivars to seek markers associated with DSD resistance and help to identify potential breeding cultivars. Seventeen SRAP primer combinations generated 289 bands, with a mean of 17 bands per primer combination. At a Dice coefficient of 0.852, the dendrogram generated with 191 polymorphic bands clustered 73 accessions of Hippophae rhamnoides into 2 groups and 4 accessions of Hippophae salicifolia into 1 group. Eleven SRAP markers (Me1-Em3600, Me1-Em1680, Me2-Em1650, Me2-Em1950, Me3-Em61300, Me2-Em6320, Me2-Em6400, Me1-Em2600, Me1-Em11200, Me1-Em11700, Me2-Em2250) were significantly correlated with DSD resistance (P < 0.001). These markers provide a viable option for breeding programs that select lineages with DSD resistance, especially when no other genetic information, such as linkage maps and quantitative trait loci, are available.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and population structure of ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula) accessions in a Thailand collection using SNP markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grimar Abdiel Perez ◽  
Pumipat Tongyoo ◽  
Julapark Chunwongse ◽  
Hans de Jong ◽  
Anucha Wongpraneekul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Fixation Index ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Total Fixation ◽  
Unrooted Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Luffa Acutangula ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThis study explored a germplasm collection consisting of 112 Luffa acutangula (ridge gourd) accessions, mainly from Thailand. A total of 2834 SNPs were used to establish population structure and underlying genetic diversity while exploring the fruit characteristics together with genetic information which would help in the selection of parental lines for a breeding program. The study found that the average polymorphism information content value of 0.288 which indicates a moderate genetic diversity for this L. acutangula germplasm. STRUCTURE analysis (ΔK at K = 6) allowed us to group the accessions into six subpopulations that corresponded well with the unrooted phylogenetic tree and principal coordinate analyses. When plotted, the STRUCTURE bars to the area of collection, we observed an admixed genotype from surrounding accessions and a geneflow confirmed by the value of FST = 0.137. AMOVA based on STRUCTURE clustering showed a low 12.83% variation between subpopulations that correspond well with the negative inbreeding coefficient value (FIS =  − 0.092) and low total fixation index (FIT = 0.057). There were distinguishing fruit shapes and length characteristics in specific accessions for each subpopulation. The genetic diversity and different fruit shapes in the L. acutangula germplasm could benefit the ridge gourd breeding programs to meet the demands and needs of consumers, farmers, and vegetable exporters such as increasing the yield of fruit by the fruit width but not by the fruit length to solve the problem of fruit breakage during exportation.

scholarly journals Flow Cytometry-Based Determination of Ploidy from Dried Leaf Specimens in Genomically Complex Collections of the Tropical Forage Grass Urochloa s. l.

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 957
Author(s):  
Paulina Tomaszewska ◽  
Till K. Pellny ◽  
Luis M. Hernández ◽  
Rowan A. C. Mitchell ◽  
Valheria Castiblanco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Forage Grass ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Robust Identification ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Sustainable Improvement ◽  
Tropical Forage ◽  
Relative Differences

Urochloa (including Brachiaria, Megathyrus and some Panicum) tropical grasses are native to Africa and are now, after selection and breeding, planted worldwide, particularly in South America, as important forages with huge potential for further sustainable improvement and conservation of grasslands. We aimed to develop an optimized approach to determine ploidy of germplasm collection of this tropical forage grass group using dried leaf material, including approaches to collect, dry and preserve plant samples for flow cytometry analysis. Our methods enable robust identification of ploidy levels (coefficient of variation of G0/G1 peaks, CV, typically <5%). Ploidy of some 348 forage grass accessions (ploidy range from 2x to 9x), from international genetic resource collections, showing variation in basic chromosome numbers and reproduction modes (apomixis and sexual), were determined using our defined standard protocol. Two major Urochloa agamic complexes are used in the current breeding programs at CIAT and EMBRAPA: the ’brizantha’ and ’humidicola’ agamic complexes are variable, with multiple ploidy levels. Some U. brizantha accessions have odd level of ploidy (5x), and the relative differences in fluorescence values of the peak positions between adjacent cytotypes is reduced, thus more precise examination of this species is required. Ploidy measurement of U. humidicola revealed aneuploidy.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of table grape based on morphoagronomic traits

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Coelho de Souza Leão ◽  
Cosme Damião Cruz ◽  
Sérgio Yoshimitsu Motoike
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Cluster Method ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Method Analysis ◽  
Vitis Spp ◽  
Grape Cultivars

The conservation and characterization of grape (Vitis spp) genetic resources in germplasm banks have been the basis of its use in breeding programs that result in development of new cultivars. There are at least 10,000 grape cultivars kept in germplasm collection. The genetic diversity in 136 table grape accessions from the state of Bahia, Brazil, was evaluated. Continuous and discrete morphoagronomic traits were assessed. The clustering analysis by the Tocher otimization method resulted in 30 clusters (considering continuous morphoagronomic traits), and 9 clusters (taking into consideration multicategorical traits). There was no agreement between clusters obtained by both, continuous or discrete phenotypic descriptors, independent of the cluster method analysis used. A satisfactory genetic variability among the table grape accessions was observed.

Integrating Biotechnology into Woody Plant Breeding Programs

1988 ◽  
pp. 433-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Riemenschneider ◽  
B. E. Haissig ◽  
E. T. Bingham
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Breeding Programs

scholarly journals Resistance to Anthracnose (Colletotrichum lentis, Race 0) in Lens spp. Germplasm

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1799
Author(s):  
Eleonora Barilli ◽  
Juan Moral ◽  
Thaïs Aznar-Fernández ◽  
Diego Rubiales
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Plant Mortality ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Stem Damage ◽  
Moderate Resistance ◽  
Stem Lesions

Anthracnose, caused by the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum lentis, is a severe disease of lentil (Lens culinaris) causing premature defoliation, necrotic stem lesions that lead to plant wilting and death in susceptible varieties. Two races of C. lentis (0 and 1) have been described so far. Race 0 is the most virulent one and limited genetic resistance is available to date. To address this scarcity of resistance, we screened a germplasm collection covering different Lens spp. originating from different countries for C. lentis race 0 resistance. Leaf and stem damage and plant mortality were assessed on seedlings inoculated under controlled conditions. A significant variability was observed among accession. Most of the collection studied was highly susceptible, but some levels of resistance were identified in about 15% of the accessions. The highest levels of resistance were identified in L. ervoides accessions PI572330, PI572334 and PI572338. Moderate resistance was also identified in 10 L. culinaris ssp. culinaris accessions but not in the remaining species studied. Selected accessions showed potential to integrate several breeding programs.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability in Local and Imported Germplasm Chicken Populations as Revealed by Analyzing Runs of Homozygosity

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1887
Author(s):  
Natalia V. Dementieva ◽  
Andrei A. Kudinov ◽  
Tatiana A. Larkina ◽  
Olga V. Mitrofanova ◽  
Artyom P. Dysin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Runs Of Homozygosity ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Genome Wide Analysis ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Chicken Breeds ◽  
Conservation Breeding

Preserving breed uniqueness and purity is vitally important in developing conservation/breeding programs for a germplasm collection of rare and endangered chicken breeds. The present study was aimed at analyzing SNP genetic variability of 21 small local and imported purebred and F1 crossbred populations and identifying crossbreeding events via whole-genome evaluation of runs of homozygosity (ROH). The admixture models more efficiently reflected population structure, pinpointing crossbreeding events in the presence of ancestral populations but not in their absence. Multidimensional scaling and FST-based analyses did not discriminate properly between purebred populations and F1 crossbreds, especially when comparing related breeds. When applying the ROH-based approach, more and longer ROHs were revealed in purebred individuals/populations, suggesting this as an effective implement in genome-wide analysis of germplasm breed purity.

scholarly journals Sustainability of grape-ethanol energy chain

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Ester Foppa Pedretti ◽  
Daniele Duca ◽  
Giuseppe Toscano ◽  
Giovanni Riva ◽  
Andrea Pizzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Marginal Lands ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
High Production ◽  
Energy Chain ◽  
Intermediate Situation ◽  
Transformation Processes

The aim of this work is to evaluate the sustainability, in terms of greenhouse gases emission saving, of a new potential bio-ethanol production chain in comparison with the most common ones. The innovation consists of producing bio-ethanol from different types of no-food grapes, while usually bio-ethanol is obtained from matrices taken away from crop for food destination: sugar cane, corn, wheat, sugar beet. In the past, breeding programs were conducted with the aim of improving grapevine characteristics, a large number of hybrid vine varieties were produced and are nowadays present in the Viticulture Research Centre (CRA-VIT) Germplasm Collection. Some of them are potentially interesting for bio-energy production because of their high production of sugar, good resistance to diseases, and ability to grow in marginal lands. Life cycle assessment (LCA) of grape ethanol energy chain was performed following two different methods: i) using the spreadsheet <em>BioGrace</em>, developed within the <em>Intelligent Energy Europe</em> program to support and to ease the Renewable Energy Directive 2009/28/EC implementation; ii) using a dedicated LCA software. Emissions were expressed in CO<sub>2</sub> equivalent (CO<sub>2</sub>eq). These two tools gave very similar results. The overall emissions impact of ethanol production from grapes on average is about 33 g CO<sub>2</sub>eq MJ<sup>–1</sup> of ethanol if prunings are used for steam production and 53 g CO<sub>2</sub>eq MJ<sup>–1</sup> of ethanol if methane is used. The comparison with other bio-energy chains points out that the production of ethanol using grapes represents an intermediate situation in terms of general emissions among the different production chains. The results showed that the sustainability limits provided by the normative are respected to this day. On the contrary, from 2017 this production will be sustainable only if the transformation processes will be performed using renewable sources of energy.

The genetic linkage maps of Anthurium species based on RAPD, ISSR and SRAP markers

2014 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 132-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudarshini K. Venkat ◽  
Padmakar Bommisetty ◽  
Manjunath S. Patil ◽  
Lakshman Reddy ◽  
Aswath Chennareddy
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Srap Markers ◽  
Genetic Linkage Maps
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