DIFFERENTIATION STUDIES OF FECAL STREPTOCOCCI FROM FARM ANIMALS

1963 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Ramadan ◽  
M. S. Sabir
Keyword(s):  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Sodium Azide ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Fecal Material ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Potassium Tellurite ◽  
Fecal Streptococcus ◽  
Fecal Streptococci

Employing potassium tellurite, sodium azide, and thallium acetate broths, 361 strains of fecal streptococci were isolated from 142 farm animals representing 11 species. Although none of the three media gave 100% recovery, their collective use made it possible to obtain at least one fecal streptococcus strain from every fecal sample.Results of biochemical tests revealed that 14.8% were S. bovis, 12.7% were S. faecalis var. liquifaciens, and the remaining 72.5% were atypical faecalis groups.Using the 361 isolates from animal fecal material for validating the heat resistance and heat-tellurite tolerance tests for the differentiation between animal and human fecal streptococci strains, it was found that not one of these isolates could survive these combined tests. The importance of these tests is discussed.

scholarly journals Study of the sensitivity of bacteria of the species Pseudomonas stutzeri and their associates to various inhibitors

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00118
Author(s):  
T. A. Fedotova ◽  
D. A. Vasiliev ◽  
A. A. Lomakin ◽  
A. A. Nafeev ◽  
V. Y. Lugovtsev
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Azide ◽  
Sodium Benzoate ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Pseudomonas Stutzeri ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
Potassium Tellurite ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
Pathological Material

Currently, the development of methods for isolation, indication and identification of Pseudomonas stutzeri bacteria from environmental objects and pathological material is an urgent problem. At the same time, there are no data in the scientific literature on the sensitivity of Ps.stutzeri bacteria to various inhibitors, which are necessary for the development of a selective and differential nutrient medium for them. The article presents the results of studying the sensitivity of Ps. stutzeri and their associates to inhibitors such as sodium benzoate, SDS, nalidixic acid, potassium tellurite and sodium azide, which will be used to develop a selective and differential culture medium for Ps.stutzeri bacteria.

Alicyclobacillus in Orange Juice: Occurrence and Heat Resistance of Spores

1999 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 883-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIRTHA NELLY UBOLDI EIROA ◽  
VALÉRIA CHRISTINA AMSTALDEN JUNQUEIRA ◽  
FLÁVIO L. SCHMIDT
Keyword(s):  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Orange Juice ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Death Time ◽  
Spore Activation ◽  
D Values

Spore suspensions of a pure culture of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris DSM 2498 were submitted to different heat treatments (60°C for 60 min, 60°C for 30 min, 70°C for 20 min, 80°C for 5 min, 80°C for 10 min, 80°C for 30 min, and boiling for 5 min) to determine the best activation conditions in orange juice. The best treatment for spore activation was shown to be 70°C/20 min. Seventy-five samples of concentrated orange juice from 11 different suppliers were examined for the presence of thermophilic acid-tolerant spore formers by the most probable number technique using Bacillus acidocaldarius medium (BAM broth) and incubation at 44°C for 5 days after a prior spore activation. After incubation, isolation was carried out using BAM agar medium incubating at 44°C for 5 days. Typical colonies were submitted to a microscopic examination, evaluation for the presence of spores, and various biochemical tests. Of the orange juice samples examined, 14.7% were found to be positive for Alicyclobacillus. The thermal death time open tube method was used to determine the heat resistance of the spores of strains confirmed as being Alicyclobacillus. The D-values determined were in the range from 60.8 to 94.5 min at 85°C, 10.0 to 20.6 min at 90°C, and 2.5 to 8.7 min at 95°C. The z-values were between 7.2°C and 11.3°C. The results demonstrated the occurrence of Alicyclobacillus in orange juice and the high heat resistance of the spores that could survive the heat treatments normally applied in the processing of orange juice.

Ochrobactrum pecoris sp. nov., isolated from farm animals

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 2278-2283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kämpfer ◽  
Bettina Huber ◽  
Hans-Jürgen Busse ◽  
Holger C. Scholz ◽  
Herbert Tomaso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Ochrobactrum Intermedium ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

Two Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming strains, designated 08RB2639T and 08RB2781-1, were isolated from a sheep (Ovis aries) and a domestic boar (Sus scrofa domestica), respectively. By 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the isolates revealed identical sequences and were shown to belong to the Alphaproteobacteria. They exhibited 97.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Ochrobactrum rhizosphaerae PR17T, O. pituitosum CCUG 50899T, O. tritici SCII24T and O. haematophilum CCUG 38531T and 97.4 % sequence similarity with O. cytisi ESC1T, O. anthropi LMG 3331T and O. lupini LUP21T. The recA gene sequences of the two isolates showed only minor differences (99.5 % recA sequence similarity), and strain 08RB2639T exhibited the highest recA sequence similarity with Ochrobactrum intermedium CCUG 24694T (91.3 %). The quinone system was ubiquinone Q-10, with minor amounts of Q-9 and Q-11, the major polyamines were spermidine, putrescine and sym-homospermidine and the major lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine, with moderate amounts of the Ochrobactrum-specific unidentified aminolipid AL2. The major fatty acids (>20 %) were C18 : 1ω7c and C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c. These traits were in excellent agreement with the assignment of the isolates to the genus Ochrobactrum. DNA–DNA relatedness and physiological and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation from other members of the genus Ochrobactrum. Hence, it is concluded that the isolates represent a novel species, for which the name Ochrobactrum pecoris sp. nov. is proposed (type strain 08RB2639T  = DSM 23868T  = CCUG 60088T  = CCM 7822T).

scholarly journals Determination of some Virulence Factors of Pasteurella multocia isolated from Human and Farm Animals infections

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Safaa Abdul-Hadi ◽  
Ismail K. Shobar ◽  
Sawsan S. AL-jubori
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Poultry Tissues

Twenty one Isolates of Pasteurella multocida were obtained from different clinical specimens of human and farm animals' infections. Human specimens included wounds swabs taken after cats and dog's bits beside the urine and sputum samples. The animal samples were nasal swabs and blood samples taken from chattels, also the poultry tissues of infected chicken with fowl cholera were collected. Bacterial isolates were isolated using Pasteurella multocida selective agar (PMSA) then identified doing different morphological, biochemical tests followed by api 20E diagnosis. The ability of the bacterial isolates to produce different virulence factors were studied, 18 isolates 85.7% were able to produce Lipase enzyme. Results of pathogenicity study on Lab. animals (mice) showed that there were 9 highly virulent isolates among the 21 (42.8%). The killing time was in between (10-24) hrs after injected the mice’s intraperitoneally. Some of the isolates showed their ability to produce the dermonecrotic toxin and the positive result appeared as highly purulent, dermonecrotic lesions after injection Genia pig intradermally. Results of antibiotic sensitivity test revealed that there were considerable variations in isolates susceptibility. Some of the isolates were highly resisted most of the used antibiotics while others were not. The crude bacterial extract from PMA20 isolate was tested to determine its ability to stimulate human lymphocytes division in vitro, results showed that the extract was able to stimulate cells division when the mitotic index was 1.2% as compared with the positive control.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and Ribosomal RNA Characterization of Arcobacter Species Isolated from Porcine Aborted Fetuses

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Schroeder-Tucker ◽  
Irene V. Wesley ◽  
Julia A. Kiehlbauch ◽  
David J. Larson ◽  
Lee Ann Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
The United States ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Arcobacter Butzleri ◽  
Porcine Tissues

Aerotolerant organisms resembling Campylobacter, now designated as Arcobacter, have been described from aborted farm animals and from cases of human enteritis worldwide. The goals of this study were 1) to attempt to recover Arcobacter spp. from cases of porcine abortion, 2) to characterize these isolates by phenotype and ribotype, and 3) to compare the usefulness of ribotype and phenotype patterns for identifying Arcobacter butzleri and the DNA hybridization groups 1A and 1B of A. cryaerophilus. Isolates of Arcobacter spp. from North Carolina and Iowa were recovered from porcine tissues. In Iowa, Arcobacter spp. were recovered from 43% (13/30) of porcine abortion cases evaluated. Isolations were made from placenta (44%), kidney (44%), and stomach contents (12%), which were the only tissues examined. The most reliable biochemical tests for A. butzleri included growth in 1% glycine and in 1.5% NaCl, weak catalase activity, and resistance to cadmium chloride. Arcobacter cryaerophilus strains were characterized by strong catalase activity and sensitivity to cadmium chloride. The DNA hybridization groups 1A and 1B of A. cryaerophilus could not be distinguished by biochemical tests. This represents the first description of A. cryaerophilus DNA group 1A in animals within the United States.

scholarly journals Investigation on Brucella infection in farm animals in Saham, Sultanate of Oman with reference to human brucellosis outbreak

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmin ElTahir ◽  
Anfal Al-Farsi ◽  
Waleed Al-Marzooqi ◽  
Alghalya Al-Toobi ◽  
Osman M. Gaafar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brucella Melitensis ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Human Brucellosis ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
The Status ◽  
Bronchial Lymph Node

Abstract Background The objective of this study was to investigate Brucella infection in farm animals in Saham, Oman, with reference to a survey carried out by the Ministry of Agriculture & Fisheries (MAF) for Brucellosis during the period of May to July 2016 in Saham, following an outbreak of human brucellosis. We wanted to apply different serological, bacteriological and molecular tests in a time frame (phase 1, 2 & 3) with reference to the pivotal time of a human brucellosis outbreak to ascertain the status of the disease in Saham area where the MAF survey was conducted. Blood samples were collected from farm animals and sera were screened in parallel for Brucella antibodies using different serological tests. Results Using the RBT test, phase 1 sera showed seropositivity in sheep at 2.6%, (95% CI: 0.5–13.5%), in camel (5.9%, 1.1–27.0%), but not in sera from goats and cattle (0%). Using I-ELISA, seropositivity in goat was 3.1% (0.6–15.8%), with no positive sheep and cattle. Using c-ELISA for camel we found a seropositivity of 5.9% (1.1–27.0%). Furthermore, CFT seropositivity in goats was 21.9% (CI: 11.3–38.9), cattle and sheep sera were negative and camel was 5.9% (1.1–27.0%). In phase 2, the seropositivity in goats was 1.9% (1.4–2.6%), sheep 4.5% (3.5–5.8%), cattle 1.1%, (0.5–2.3%) and camels 18.2% (5.1–47.7%), Phase 3 sera were collected 6 months after the human brucellosis outbreak. With RBT, the seropositivity in goats was 3% (1.0–8.5%), sheep 2% (0.6–7.1%) cattle 1% (0.2–5.5%). With I-ELISA, goats & camels were negative, sheep were 3% (1.0–8.5%) and cattle 1% (0.2–5.5%). Moreover, B. melitensis was isolated from a bronchial lymph node of the RBT and I-ELISA seropositive cow and confirmed by Multiplex PCR and biochemical tests. Conclusion Using a retrospective study analysis of animal sera and following up after a human brucellosis outbreak, the present study showed a slight decrease in seropositivity of infected animals after the MAF implemented test and slaughter policy. The most interesting finding in this study was the isolation, identification and molecular characterization of Brucella melitensis in a cow (spillover), which is not a preferential host for Brucella melitensis.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of streptococcus bovis from rumencontent of awassi sheep in iraq

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
A. J. A. Al emery
Keyword(s):  
Basal Medium ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Streptococcus Bovis ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Potassium Tellurite ◽  
Awassi Sheep ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

This is the first study in Iraq aimed to isolate and characterize Streptococcus bovis from rumen of Awassi sheep .Ten sheep with different ages fed on grain base diet for three days were used to collect 20 ruminal fluid samples twice at fourth and fifth days by rumenocentesis method , samples cultured on selective media (Modified membrane-bovis agar(M-BA) ,broth of basal medium and modified blood brain heart infusion) ,the isolates were identified according to their morphological, physiological ,biochemical tests and serological by Lancefield group.Cultural characteristic on the selective medium M-BA showed two types of streptococci :first type (23) comprised the majority of isolates ,this type characterized by high acid producing streptococci formed mucoid ,creamy ,orange –centered colonies and second type (4) characterize by low acid producing formed small white colonies .Morphologically the isolates were identified as gram positive ,the cells were oval or spherical , singles, pairs & short chains of 4 to 8 cells. The organisms were found to full under the Lancefield group D.All isolated bacteria grew on broth of basal medium post incubation at 45C˚ ,but not grew at 10C˚ and 50C˚. Adding of 2% NaCl permit the growth, while in 6.5% NaCl didn’t grow. And did not grew on adding 0.04 % Potassium tellurite .All isolates produced lactic acid but ammonia production from arginine was negative, no hemolysis on blood agar . All isolates ferment starch, lactose, fructose, glucose, raffinose and cellobiose.The results of culturing and Physiological and biochemical tests showed that 27 isolates has the characterictices of Streptococcus bovis in 3 types (S1,S2 &S3) ,first type of colony divided into two strain (S115)(S28)according to difference In arabinose. And (S3) called on the second type white pigmented isolates which did not ferment inulin

scholarly journals Determining Sources of Fecal Pollution in a Rural Virginia Watershed with Antibiotic Resistance Patterns in Fecal Streptococci

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 5522-5531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Hagedorn ◽  
Sandra L. Robinson ◽  
Jennifer R. Filtz ◽  
Sarah M. Grubbs ◽  
Theresa A. Angier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Fecal Pollution ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Montgomery County ◽  
Correct Classification ◽  
Classification Rate ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Fecal Streptococcus ◽  
Fecal Streptococci

ABSTRACT Nonpoint sources of pollution that contribute fecal bacteria to surface waters have proven difficult to identify. Knowledge of pollution sources could aid in restoration of the water quality, reduce the amounts of nutrients leaving watersheds, and reduce the danger of infectious disease resulting from exposure to contaminated waters. Patterns of antibiotic resistance in fecal streptococci were analyzed by discriminant and cluster analysis and used to identify sources of fecal pollution in a rural Virginia watershed. A database consisting of patterns from 7,058 fecal streptococcus isolates was first established from known human, livestock, and wildlife sources in Montgomery County, Va. Correct fecal streptococcus source identification averaged 87% for the entire database and ranged from 84% for deer isolates to 93% for human isolates. To field test the method and the database, a watershed improvement project (Page Brook) in Clarke County, Va., was initiated in 1996. Comparison of 892 known-source isolates from that watershed against the database resulted in an average correct classification rate of 88%. Combining all animal isolates increased correct classification rates to ≥95% for separations between animal and human sources. Stream samples from three collection sites were highly contaminated, and fecal streptococci from these sites were classified as being predominantly from cattle (>78% of isolates), with small proportions from waterfowl, deer, and unidentified sources (≈7% each). Based on these results, cattle access to the stream was restricted by installation of fencing and in-pasture watering stations. Fecal coliforms were reduced at the three sites by an average of 94%, from prefencing average populations of 15,900 per 100 ml to postfencing average populations of 960 per 100 ml. After fencing, <45% of fecal streptococcus isolates were classified as being from cattle. These results demonstrate that antibiotic resistance profiles in fecal streptococci can be used to reliably determine sources of fecal pollution, and water quality improvements can occur when efforts to address the identified sources are made.

Ultrastructural Study of Rat Colon Following Psyllium Ingestion

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 580-581
Author(s):  
F.G. Lightfoot ◽  
L.E. Grau ◽  
M.M. Cassidy ◽  
G.R. Tadvalkar ◽  
G.V. Vahouny
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Rat Colon ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Luminal Surface ◽  
Fecal Material ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Morphologic Analysis ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Psyllium hydrophillic mucilloid is a natural gelling fiber consumed by a large population of our society. It is used as a bulk-producing laxative and in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders such as “Irritable Bowel Syndrome”. The literature pertaining to the ultrastructural effects of this agent is sparse.This study documents morphological changes induced by psyllium. Animals fed a diet containing 2% psyllium for four weeks were subsequently sacrificed and processed for scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The colon contained fecal material combined with psyllium which conformed to the contour of the luminal surface. This mixture formed surface replicas of the intestinal mucosa. These replicas and their related colonic sites were processed for morphologic analysis.

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