Slope protection along St. Lawrence Seaway canals

1981 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-419
Author(s):  
K. Olpinski ◽  
C. J. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Background Information ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Soil Cement ◽  
Protection Method ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
South Shore ◽  
General Slope ◽  
Design Construction ◽  
St Lawrence River

The St. Lawrence Seaway passes through the St. Lawrence River, the Great Lakes, and three Canadian canals: South Shore and Beauharnois Canals in Quebec, and the Welland Canal across the Niagara Peninsula in Ontario. The varied geological conditions and the continuous growth of navigation traffic through its 150 year history influenced the need for and the type and extent of protection for the canal slopes. The methods used include cut stone, riprap, concrete slabs, grouted riprap, soil–cement, gabions, mattresses filled with mortar slurry, and in special cases armour stone and protective rolls. This paper presents their design, construction, behaviour, and cost, with supporting background information. Riprap has proved, so far, to be the most reliable and economical general slope protection method, since suitable rock materials are still readily available locally.

CARACTÉRISTIQUES DES SOLS SULFATÉS ACIDES DE LA SÉRIE DE L'ANSE EN MILIEU ESTUARIEN (QUÉBEC)

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-592
Author(s):  
C. R. DE KIMPE ◽  
M. R. LAVERDIERE ◽  
R. W. BARIL
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Lower Limit ◽  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Acid Sulfate Soils ◽  
Acid Sulfate ◽  
Organic C ◽  
South Shore ◽  
Sulfate Soils ◽  
Sulfate Leaching ◽  
St Lawrence River

Acid sulfate soils were sampled according to the transect method in four bays along the south shore of the St. Lawrence river to determine their properties in their area of distribution. In each bay, six profiles of cultivated soils were sampled along a transect perpendicular to the river. One non-cultivated profile was also sampled at l'Isle-Verte. The lower limit of the B horizons, between 79 and 89 cm, suggested a homogeneous development of these soils across the area. Most profiles contained jarosite in the lower Bg and, sometimes, in the C horizons; this mineral was absent in the upper part of the profiles of soils that had been limed prior to cultivation. Total S content increased with depth, but only a few horizons had a content > 0.75% presumably because of sulfate leaching once the soils were drained. Organic C content in the de l'Anse soils decreased less rapidly with depth than in other gleysolic soils, because vegetation grew while sediments were being deposited. Key words: Acid sulfate soils, total S, recent marine sediments, jarosite

Estimation de la production de jeunes plantations de pin rouge et de pin gris du sud du Québec

1976 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 478-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Bolghari
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Pine Plantation ◽  
South Shore ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Natural Stands ◽  
St Lawrence River

Multiple regression equations have been developed to predict yield from young red pine and jack pine plantations. Data from 446 sample plots representing young red pine and jack pine stands located on the south shore of the St. Lawrence River between Quebec and Montreal were analysed. The red pine plantation yielded more than the jack pine. However, in plantation both species yield more than in natural stands. Taking into account the age and spacing of the sampled plantations, the equation obtained can provide information on yield of red pine and jack pine stands the maximum spacing of which is 3 × 3 m, up to the age of 45 and 35 years respectively. The equations will allow the construction of preliminary yield tables for both species.

Preliminary interpretation of the first refraction arrivals in Gaspé from shots in Labrador and Quebec

1969 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 771-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas S. Rankin ◽  
Ravi Ravindra ◽  
David Zwicker
Keyword(s):  
Upper Mantle ◽  
Arrival Time ◽  
The South ◽  
North Shore ◽  
The North ◽  
A Value ◽  
South Shore ◽  
Compressional Velocity ◽  
St Lawrence River

Previous work in the Gulf of St. Lawrence has yielded an unusually high upper-mantle compressional velocity. In the Gaspé area a more recent determination has yielded a value of 8.75 ± 0.20 km/s for an unreversed profile. The arrival time at a station on the north shore of the St. Lawrence River suggests that there is no major difference in velocity and depth relative to the south shore.

A management strategy for emerald ash borer in St. Lawrence Islands National Park

2012 ◽  
Vol 88 (02) ◽  
pp. 124-130
Author(s):  
Stacey Bowman ◽  
Sandy M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Vegetation Control ◽  
The Public ◽  
Detection Program ◽  
St Lawrence River

This article presents a strategy for managing emerald ash borer (EAB) in the St. Lawrence Islands National Park (SLINP), which is located in the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville in eastern Ontario along 100 km of Lake Ontario shoreline and the St. Lawrence River. Background information about EAB and SLINP is followed by an outline of the possible ecological impacts of an EAB infestation on the Park, predictions of where infestations are more likely to occur and how quickly they could spread, whether there will be interactions between EAB-affected stands and invasive vegetation, and whether visitor safety may be compromised. Recommendations to slow the spread of EAB in the Park, prepare for and attempt to mitigate its impacts, contribute to scientific research to better understand it, and conserve ash genetic material include: 1) implement a ban on outside firewood; 2) develop and implement a seed collection program; 3) prioritize invasive vegetation control activities in areas at risk of EAB infestation; 4) establish an EAB detection program for high-traffic areas of the Park; 5) compile a forest resource inventory of the Park and tree inventories of high-traffic areas; 6) conduct branch sampling to determine if EAB is present on Main Duck Island, and if not, consider closing the island to the public; 7) develop and implement a strategic EAB communications plan; and 8) develop a cross-section committee to oversee EAB management.

A Till Cofferdam in the St. Lawrence River

1965 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-270
Author(s):  
F H Sutcliffe
Keyword(s):  
Two Stage ◽  
Pore Pressures ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Alternative Designs ◽  
Design Construction ◽  
St Lawrence River ◽  
Methods Of Control

This paper deals with the design, construction, and performance of a drydock in the St. Lawrence River enclosed by a till dyke dumped in water. Alternative designs and methods of selecting a suitable till are discussed. Construction procedures are described along with the installation of a two-stage wellpoint system to intercept seepage through the riverbed beneath the dyke. Particular emphasis is placed upon the methods of control and observations taken both during and after construction.It is concluded that a till dyke dumped in water can form as table and impermeable mass; however, care must be taken to apply any surcharge slowly to allow time for the dissipation of pore pressures in the underwater till.

Large-scale liquefaction and fluidization in the Cap Chat Mélange, Quebec Appalachians

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1408-1422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre A Cousineau
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Foreland Basin ◽  
Main Mechanism ◽  
Northern Limit ◽  
Middle Ordovician ◽  
Surrounding Matrix ◽  
Tectonic Processes ◽  
Lower Ordovician ◽  
South Shore ◽  
St Lawrence River

The Cap Chat Mélange crops out discontinuously for 200 km along the south shore of the St. Lawrence River in the Gaspé Peninsula. It is located just south of Logan's line, the northern limit of the Humber zone with the Taconian foreland basin. This mélange is composed of dismembered rocks of the adjacent formations, in particular the Lower Ordovician Rivière Ouelle and Middle Ordovician Tourelle formations, with lesser contributions by the Middle Ordovician Des Landes and the Cambrian Orignal formations. Blocks in the mélange vary in size from a few centimetres to several kilometres, with well-preserved internal stratigraphy in the larger blocks. The distribution of blocks is not uniform and the composition of the surrounding matrix changes with corresponding changes in block composition. Tectonic processes, mostly extensional and compressional faulting, are responsible for some of the chaotic aspects of the mélange. However, the main mechanism was as follows: (i) large-scale liquefaction of the mudstone-rich Rivière Ouelle Formation, (ii) sinking with consequent dismembering of the Tourelle Formation into this underlying weakened Rivière Ouelle Formation, and (iii) fluidization of the lowermost sand beds of the Tourelle Formation resulting in abundant sandstone sills and dikes in the Rivière Ouelle Formation.

scholarly journals Unchained Cellular Obfuscation Areas for Location Privacy in Continuous Location-Based Service Queries

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Ning Luo ◽  
Ming-Hour Yang
Keyword(s):  
Privacy Protection ◽  
Location Privacy ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Continuous Location ◽  
Location Based Service ◽  
Points Of Interest ◽  
Protection Method ◽  
Query Logs ◽  
Road Maps

To access location-based service (LBS) and query surrounding points of interest (POIs), smartphone users typically use built-in positioning functions of their phones when traveling at unfamiliar places. However, when a query is submitted, personal information may be leaked when they provide their real location. Current LBS privacy protection schemes fail to simultaneously consider real map conditions and continuous querying, and they cannot guarantee privacy protection when the obfuscation algorithm is known. To provide users with secure and effective LBSs, we developed an unchained regional privacy protection method that combines query logs and chained cellular obfuscation areas. It adopts a multiuser anonymizer architecture to prevent attackers from predicting user travel routes by using background information derived from maps (e.g., traffic speed limits). The proposed scheme is completely transparent to users when performing continuous location-based queries, and it combines the method with actual road maps to generate unchained obfuscation areas that conceal the actual locations of users. In addition to using a caching approach to enhance performance, the proposed scheme also considers popular tourist POIs to enhance the cache data hit ratio and query performance.

Climate change and abundance cycles of two sympatric populations of smelt (Osmerus mordax) in the middle estuary of the St. Lawrence River, Canada

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 2048-2058 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Mingelbier ◽  
F Lecomte ◽  
J J Dodson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Osmerus Mordax ◽  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
North Shore ◽  
South Shore ◽  
Middle Estuary ◽  
St Lawrence River

Commercial catches of two ecologically distinct sympatric smelt (Osmerus mordax) populations segregated along the two shores of the St. Lawrence middle estuary exhibited inverse patterns with periodicities on the order of 30 years. The influence of water level in the St. Lawrence River and air temperature, chosen to reflect variations in hydrology and climate, differed markedly between the two populations. Analyses revealed that both water level and temperature were generally positively related with north-shore smelt landings and negatively related with south-shore smelt landings. For both populations, a number of significant climatic factors contributing to variance in smelt landings were lagged by one to three years relative to the year of landings, indicating that climatic variables influenced smelt recruitment. The contrasting role of hydroclimatic variables in driving these abundance cycles is likely related to differential exploitation of estuarine habitats; the south-shore population is associated with shallow shoal habitat, whereas the north-shore population is associated with deep channel habitat. The responses of the two smelt populations also reflect the fundamental ecological differences existing between shoal and channel habitats, indicating that future climate change may differentially affect other populations or species that are segregated between these two habitats.

Sediment dynamics and the transport of suspended matter in the upstream area of Lake St. Francis

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (S1) ◽  
pp. 52-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Lepage ◽  
Johann Biberhofer ◽  
Stéphane Lorrain
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Matter ◽  
Sediment Resuspension ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Discharge Rates ◽  
Southern Side ◽  
Northern Side ◽  
South Shore ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
St Lawrence River

A long-term project was initiated in autumn 1994 to monitor the suspended matter (SM) in the upstream area of Lake St. Francis. Over a 32-month period, 190 SM samples were collected at six study sites while conductivity and current velocity measurements were made to study resuspension and transport of SM. Weather data from a nearby station and daily discharge rates for the St. Lawrence River were also utilised. Overall, the study shows that the SM load in the central portion of Lake St. Francis is not evenly distributed. On the northern side of the lake, the SM load is mainly a function of the SM load carried by the St. Lawrence River waters coming from the Great Lakes. On the southern side, an important contribution to the SM load comes from sediment resuspension and from the local tributaries. Calculations show that wave action is likely to resuspend surficial sediments in depths shallower than 2 m, a surface area estimated to be 32-35 km2 between Cornwall Island and Thompson Basin. Also, important fluctuations of the south shore tributaries' winter discharge are thought to contribute to sediment resuspension and redistribution of contaminants such as mercury and polychlorinated biphenyls.

Utilization of Ground Improvement for a Variety of Cost Effective Remediation and New Construction Topics for the Rail Industry

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey R. Hill ◽  
Bernard Voor ◽  
Michael L. Kerr ◽  
Arthur D. Pengelly
Keyword(s):  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The United States ◽  
Stone Columns ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Tunnel Support ◽  
Track Record ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Rail Industry ◽  
Earth Retention

The authors of the paper represent two firms that have completed hundreds of challenging subgrade and foundation projects for the rail industry. The intent of this paper is to educate the railroad business in general about alternative approaches to common geotechnical problems facing the railroad industry. Projects have been completed across the country in nearly all geological conditions, on all of the Class I carriers, Shortlines and Mass Transit systems. Successful remediation projects associated with challenging subsurface conditions across the United States, Canada and Mexico are covered. Case histories include jet grouting for low headroom earth retention and tunnel support, stone columns for embankment support, micropiles for low headroom bridge replacement, micropiles and soil nails for earth retention, compaction, and urethane grouting for settlement of existing structures. Projects discussed include background information such as project layout, drawings and test results. Each project is completed and has a positive track record, indicating success. Projects have been specially selected to demonstrate the ability of specialty foundation solutions applicable throughout North America. Each topic provides technically sound approaches to age-old Rail road subsurface challenges. Many of these topics are not addressed in the AREMA manual; however, one of the authors, is currently addressing these topics through a proposed section of AREMA chapter 8.

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